ASTM A213 T9, also known as ASME SA213 T9, is a low-alloy seamless steel tube used for boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers.
T9 is a chromium-molybdenum alloy containing 8.00–10.00% chromium and 0.90–1.10% molybdenum. It has a minimum tensile strength of 415 MPa and a minimum yield strength of 205 MPa. With its excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance, T9 performs reliably under high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions.
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Product furnished to ASTM A213 shall conform to the requirements of Specification ASTM A1016, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order.
ASTM A1016: Standard Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Tubes
Manufacturer and Condition
ASTM A213 T9 steel pipes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be either hot finished or cold finished, as specified.
Heat Treatment
T9 steel pipes shall be reheated for heat treatment according to the following methods, and the heat treatment shall be carried out separately and in addition to heating for hot forming.
| Grade | Heat treat type | Subcritical Annealing or Temperature |
| ASTM A213 T9 | full or isothermal anneal | — |
| normalize and temper | 1250 ℉ [675 ℃] min |
| Grade | Composition, % | ||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo | |
| T9 | 0.15 max | 0.30 - 0.60 | 0.025 max | 0.025 max | 0.25 - 1.00 | 8.00 - 10.00 | 0.90 - 1.10 |
The mechanical properties of ASTM A213 T9 can be verified through tensile testing, hardness testing, flattening tests, and flaring tests.
| Mechanical Properties | ASTM A213 T9 | |
| Tensile Requirements | Tensile Strength | 60 ksi [415 MPa] min |
| Yield Strength | 30 ksi [205 MPa] min | |
| Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm |
30 % min | |
| Hardness Requirements | Brinell/Vickers | 179 HBW / 190 HV max |
| Rockwell | 89 HRB max | |
| Flattening Test | One flattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for the flaring test, from each lot. | |
| Flaring Test | One flaring test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for the flattening test, from each lot. | |
Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or thinner than 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.
Dimension Range
ASTM A213 T9 tubing sizes and wall thicknesses are usually furnished with inside diameters ranging from 3.2 mm to outside diameters of 127 mm, and minimum wall thicknesses from 0.4 mm to 12.7 mm.
Other sizes of T9 steel pipes can also be supplied, provided that all other requirements of ASTM A213 are met.
Wall Thickness Tolerances
The wall thickness tolerance should be determined based on the following two cases: whether the order is specified according to the minimum wall thickness or the average wall thickness.
1. Minimum wall thickness: It shall comply with the relevant requirements of Section 9 of ASTM A1016.
| Outside Diameter in.[mm] | Wall Thickness, in [mm] | |||
| 0.095 [2.4] and under | Over 0.095 to 0.150 [2.4 to 3.8], incl | Over 0.150 to 0.180 [3.8 to 4.6], incl | Over 0.180 [4.6] | |
| Hot-finished Seamless Tubes | ||||
| 4 [100] and under | 0 - +40 % | 0 - +35 % | 0 - +33 % | 0 - +28 % |
| Over 4 [100] | — | 0 - +35 % | 0 - +33 % | 0 - +28 % |
| Cold-finished Seamless Tubes | ||||
| 1 1/2 [38.1] and under | 0 - +20 % | |||
| Over 1 1/2 [38.1] | 0 - +22 % | |||
2. Average wall thickness: For cold-formed tubes, the permissible variation is ±10%; for hot-formed tubes, unless otherwise specified, the requirements shall comply with the following table.
| Specified Outside Diameter, in. [mm] | Tolerance from specified |
| 0.405 to 2.875 [10.3 to 73.0] incl, all t/D ratios | -12.5 - 20 % |
| Above 2.875 [73.0]. t/D ≤ 5 % | -12.5 - 22.5 % |
| Above 2.875 [73.0]. t/D ＞ 5 % | -12.5 - 15 % |
When inserted into a boiler or tube sheet, the tubes shall withstand expanding and beading operations without showing any cracks or flaws. Superheater tubes, when properly manipulated, shall withstand all forging, welding, and bending operations required for their application without developing defects.
ASTM A213 T9 is a Cr-Mo alloy seamless tube known for its excellent high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and resistance to high-temperature corrosion. It is widely used in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. Typical applications include:
1. Boiler Tubes
Used in high-temperature steam lines, boiler heating surfaces, downcomers, risers, and other sections that operate under continuous high temperature and pressure.
2. Superheater and Reheater Tubes
Ideal for overheat and reheat sections due to its superior creep resistance and high-temperature performance.
3. Heat Exchanger Tubes
Applied in refineries, chemical plants, and power plants for high-temperature heat exchange service.
4. Petrochemical Industry
Used in high-temperature cracking tubes, hydrotreater reactor tubes, furnace tubes, and other high-temperature process units.
5. Power Generation Plants
Suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature piping systems in coal-fired power plants, waste-to-energy plants, and biomass power stations.
6. Industrial Furnaces
Used for radiant tubes and furnace tubes requiring high-temperature oxidation resistance.
| ASME | UNS | ASTM | EN | JIS |
| ASME SA213 T9 | K90941 | ASTM A335 P9 | EN 10216-2 X11CrMo9-1+1 | JIS G3462 STBA26 |
Material: ASTM A213 T9 seamless steel pipes;
Size: 1/8" to 24", or customized according to your requirements;
Length: Random length or cut to order;
Packaging: Black coating, beveled ends, pipe end protectors, wooden crates, etc.
Support: IBR certification, TPI inspection, MTC, cutting, processing, and customization;
MOQ: 1 m;
Payment Terms: T/T or L/C;
Price: Contact us for the latest T9 steel pipe prices.
