Kuwotcherera kwa arc m'madzi ndikwabwino kwambiri pa mapaipi, zombo zopondereza ndi matanki, kupanga njanji ndi ntchito zazikulu zomanga, ndi mawonekedwe osavuta a monofilament, kapangidwe ka waya wawiri, kapangidwe ka waya wawiri wa tandem ndi kapangidwe ka multi-filament.
Kuwotcherera arc m'madzi kungathandize ogwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zambiri zowotcherera. Kuyambira kukulitsa zokolola, kukonza malo ogwirira ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino ndi zina zambiri. Opanga zitsulo omwe akuganizira zosintha njira yowotcherera arc m'madzi ayenera kuganiza kuti angapeze phindu lalikulu kuchokera ku njirayi.
Chidziwitso choyambira cha kuwotcherera arc pansi pa madzi
Njira yolumikizira ma arc obisika pansi pa nthaka ndi yofunikira pa ntchito zolemera zamafakitale monga mapaipi, zombo zopondereza ndi matanki, zomangamanga za sitima, zomangamanga/kukumba zinthu zolemera. Ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa mafakitale omwe amafuna kupanga zinthu zambiri, makamaka pankhani yolumikiza zinthu zokhuthala kwambiri, pali zabwino zambiri zomwe zingapezeke chifukwa cha njira yolumikizira ma arc obisika pansi pa nthaka.
Kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo zinthu komanso liwiro lake loyenda zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pa ntchito ya ogwira ntchito, magwiridwe antchito, komanso ndalama zopangira, zomwe ndi chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu za njira yolumikizira ma arc.
Ubwino wina ndi uwu: kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi mphamvu za makina za weld, mawonekedwe ochepa a arc ndi utsi wochepa wa weld, malo ogwirira ntchito abwino komanso mawonekedwe abwino a weld ndi mzere wabwino wa zala.
Kuwotcherera arc woviikidwa m'madzi ndi njira yoperekera waya yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito granular flux kulekanitsa arc ndi mpweya, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, arc imakwiriridwa mu flux, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pamene magawo akhazikitsidwa, arc siiwoneka ndi kutuluka kwa wosanjikiza wa flux. Waya wowotcherera umadyetsedwa mosalekeza ndi tochi yomwe imayenda motsatira weld.
Kutentha kwa Arc kumasungunula gawo la waya, gawo la flux ndi chitsulo choyambira, ndikupanga dziwe losungunuka, lomwe limapangika kuti likhale weld yokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa welding slag. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zowotcherera ndi 1/16"-3/4", kungakhale welding yolowera 100% ndi welding imodzi, ngati makulidwe a khoma si ochepa, welding ya multi-pass ikhoza kuchitika, ndipo weld imakonzedwa bwino ndikusankhidwa, ndipo kuphatikiza koyenera kwa welding wire flux kumasankhidwa.
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Kusankha waya wothira madzi ndi wowotcherera
Kusankha njira yoyenera yolumikizira ndi waya pa njira inayake yolumikizira ndi waya wothira pansi pa nthaka ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi. Ngakhale njira zolumikizira ndi waya wothira pansi pa nthaka zokha zimakhala zogwira mtima, kupanga bwino ndi kugwira ntchito bwino kumatha kuwonjezeka ngakhale kutengera waya wothira pansi ndi waya wothira pansi womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kutuluka kwa madzi sikuti kumateteza dziwe losungunula madzi lokha, komanso kumathandizira kukonza mphamvu za makina ndi kupanga bwino kwa madziwo. Kupanga madziwo kumakhudza kwambiri zinthu izi, zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu yonyamulira magetsi komanso kutulutsa kwa slag.
Mphamvu yonyamulira yomwe ilipo panopa imatanthauza kuti pakhoza kupezeka mphamvu yokwanira yoyika zinthu komanso mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a weld.
Kutuluka kwa slag kuchokera ku flux inayake kumakhudza kusankha flux chifukwa ma flux ena ndi oyenera kwambiri mapangidwe ena a solder kuposa ena.
Zosankha za Flux za submerged arc soldering zimaphatikizapo mitundu yogwira ntchito komanso yopanda mphamvu ya welds. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti active flux imasintha kapangidwe ka weld, pomwe neutral flux siisintha.
Ma flux ogwira ntchito amadziwika ndi kuphatikiza kwa silicon ndi manganese. Zinthu izi zimathandiza kusunga mphamvu yokoka ya weld pa kutentha kwambiri, zimathandiza kuti weld ikhale yosalala komanso yosalala pa liwiro lalikulu loyenda komanso kupereka kutulutsa kwabwino kwa slag. Ponseponse, ma flux ogwira ntchito angathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha solder yoipa, komanso kuyeretsa ndi kukonzanso kokwera mtengo pambuyo pa weld. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti ma flux ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kwambiri pa soldering imodzi kapena ziwiri.
Ma flux osalowerera bwino ndi abwino kwambiri pa ma solder akuluakulu a multipass chifukwa amathandiza kupewa kupanga ma weld ofooka komanso osavuta kusweka.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mawaya olumikizirana omwe amasankhidwa pankhani yolumikiza ma arc, iliyonse ili ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Mawaya ena amapangidwa kuti azilumikizana ndi magetsi ambiri, pomwe ena amapangidwa makamaka kuti akhale ndi ma alloy omwe amathandiza kuti ntchito yoyeretsa ma arc iyende bwino.
Dziwani kuti mphamvu za mankhwala ndi momwe waya wowotcherera umagwirira ntchito zimakhudza mphamvu za makina a wowotcherera. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito kungawonjezekenso kwambiri posankha zitsulo zodzaza.
Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito waya wachitsulo wokhala ndi njira yolumikizira arc pansi pa nthaka kungapangitse kuti wayawo ugwire bwino ntchito ndi 15% mpaka 30% poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito waya wolimba, komanso kumapereka mwayi wolowera bwino komanso wozama.
Chifukwa cha liwiro lake loyenda, mawaya achitsulo amachepetsanso kutentha komwe kumalowetsa kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha kusinthasintha kwa ma waya ndi kutopa.
Pa zitsulo zonse, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic zimakhala ndi phindu lotsika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pankhani ya kapangidwe ka makina, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic sichomwe chili chabwino kwambiri pa tsinde la valavu, chifukwa kuti zitsimikizire mphamvu inayake, kukula kwa tsinde la valavu kudzawonjezeka. Phindu silingawonjezeke pochiza kutentha, koma likhoza kuwonjezedwa pochita kuzizira.
Ndife okonda kwambiri carbon ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, takulandirani mafunso aliwonse, tidzakupatsani nthawi yoyamba!
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-30-2023