ASTM A53 ERWchitoliro chachitsulo ndiMtundu Emu A53 specification, yopangidwa ndi njira yolumikizira yolimba, ndipo imapezeka mu Giredi A ndi Giredi B.
Ndi yoyenera kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi mphamvu ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ntchito yotumizira nthunzi, madzi, gasi, ndi mpweya.
Ubwino wa chitoliro chachitsulo cha ERW, mongamtengo wotsikandizokolola zambiri, chipangitseni kukhala chinthu chomwe chimasankhidwa kwambiri pa ntchito zambiri zamafakitale.
Chitsulo cha Botopndi kampani yopanga mapaipi achitsulo cha kaboni yopangidwa ndi welded komanso yogulitsa mapaipi achitsulo cha carbon ochokera ku China, komanso kampani yogulitsa mapaipi achitsulo chosasunthika, yomwe imakupatsani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njira zothetsera mapaipi achitsulo!
Zinthu zathu zili ndi zinthu zambiri ndipo timatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala athu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwake mwachangu.
ASTM A53/A53M ili ndi mitundu ndi magiredi otsatirawa:
Mtundu E: Yolumikizidwa ndi magetsi, Giredi A ndi B.
Mtundu S: Yopanda msoko, Magiredi A ndi B.
Mtundu F: Cholukidwa ndi ng'anjo, cholukidwa mosalekeza, Magiredi A ndi B.
Mtundu EndiMtundu Sndi mitundu iwiri ya mapaipi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi,Mtundu Fnthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa machubu ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wowotcherera, njira yopangirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
Ma diameter Odziwika: DN 6 - 650 [NPS 1/8 - 26];
M'mimba mwake wakunja: 10.3 - 660 mm [0.405 - 26 in.];
Kukhuthala kwa khoma ndi matchati olemera a chitoliro chachitsulo:
Machubu otsetsereka amatha kuwonedwa mu Table X2.2;
Machubu olumikizidwa ndi olumikizidwa akhoza kuwonedwa mu Table X2.3.
ASTM A53 imalolanso kupereka chitoliro ndi miyeso ina bola chitolirocho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zina zonse za izi.
ERWimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mapaipi ozungulira, amakona anayi, ndi amakona anayi a kaboni ndi zitsulo zotsika mtengo.
Njira yopangira zinthu iyi ndi iyi:chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira cha ERW:
a) Kukonzekera zinthu: Zipangizo zoyambira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zitsulo zozungulira zotentha. Zozungulira izi zimadulidwa kaye ndikudulidwa m'lifupi mwake.
b) Kupanga: Pang'onopang'ono, kudzera m'mizere yosiyanasiyana, mzerewo umapangidwa kukhala chozungulira chotseguka. Panthawiyi, m'mphepete mwa mzerewo pang'onopang'ono zimagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi pokonzekera kuwotcherera.
c) Kuwotcherera: Pambuyo popanga kapangidwe ka chubu, m'mphepete mwa chingwe chachitsulocho mumatenthedwa ndi kukana kwamagetsi m'dera lolumikizira. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imadutsa muzinthuzo, ndipo kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kukana kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha m'mphepete mpaka pamalo pomwe zimasungunuka, kenako zimalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi kupanikizika.
d) Kuchotsa ming'alu: Pambuyo polumikiza, zitsulo zosungunula (chitsulo chochuluka kuchokera kulumikiza) zimachotsedwa mkati ndi kunja kwa chitoliro kuti zitsimikizire kuti pamwamba pake pali chosalala mkati mwa chitolirocho.
e) Kukula ndi kutalika kwa malo: Pambuyo poti machubu atha kuwotcherera ndi kuchotsa machubu, machubu amadutsa mu makina oyezera kukula kuti akonzedwe bwino kuti atsimikizire kuti akukwaniritsa zofunikira zenizeni za m'mimba mwake ndi kuzungulira. Kenako machubu amadulidwa kutalika komwe kunakonzedweratu.
f) Kuyang'anira ndi kuyesa: Chitoliro chachitsulo chidzayesedwa ndi kufufuzidwa mwamphamvu, kuphatikizapo mayeso a ultrasound, mayeso a hydrostatic, ndi zina zotero, kuti zitsimikizire kuti mtundu wa chitoliro chachitsulocho ukukwaniritsa miyezo ndi zofunikira.
g) Chithandizo cha pamwambaPomaliza, chitoliro chachitsulo chingapangidwenso mankhwala ena monga kupopera ndi galvanizing, kupaka utoto, kapena mankhwala ena pamwamba kuti apereke chitetezo chowonjezera cha dzimbiri ndi kukongola.
Ma weld mu Mtundu E kapena Mtundu F Giredi BChitolirocho chiyenera kutenthedwa kapena kukonzedwa mwanjira ina pambuyo powotcherera kuti martensite yosatenthedwa isapezeke.
Kutentha kwa mankhwala otenthetsera kuyenera kukhala osachepera1000°F [540°C].
Pamene chitoliro chakulitsidwa mozizira, kukulako sikuyenera kupitirira1.5%ya m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa chitolirocho.
AZinthu zisanuCu, Ni, Cr, MondiVpamodzi sayenera kupitirira 1.00%.
BPa kuchepetsa kulikonse kwa 0.01% pansi pa carbon maximum yomwe yatchulidwa, kuwonjezeka kwa 0.06% ya manganese pamwamba pa 1.35% kudzaloledwa.
CPa kuchepetsa kulikonse kwa 0.01% pansi pa carbon maximum yomwe yatchulidwa, kuwonjezeka kwa 0.06% ya manganese pamwamba pa 1.65% kudzaloledwa.
Katundu Wolimba
| Mndandanda | Kugawa | Giredi A | Giredi B |
| Mphamvu yokoka, mphindi | MPa [psi] | 330 [48,000] | 415 [60,000] |
| Mphamvu yobereka, mphindi | MPa [psi] | 205 [30,000] | 240 [35,000] |
| Kutalika kwa 50 mm [2 in.] | Zindikirani | A,B | A,B |
Chidziwitso A: Kutalika kochepa kwa 2 in [50 mm] kuyenera kukhala komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi equation yotsatirayi:
e = 625,000 [1940] A0.2/U0.9
e = kutalika kochepa mu 2 in kapena 50 mm mu peresenti, kuzungulira kufika pa peresenti yapafupi
A = yocheperapo ya 0.75 mu2[500 mm]2] ndi dera lozungulira la chitsanzo choyesera mphamvu, chowerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa chitoliro, kapena m'lifupi mwake mwa chitsanzo choyesera mphamvu ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro, ndi mtengo wowerengedwa wozungulira kufika pa 0.01 inchi yapafupi.2 [1 mm]2].
U = mphamvu yocheperako yokhazikika, psi [MPa].
Chidziwitso B: Onani Table X4.1 kapena Table X4.2, iliyonse yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa kutalikitsa komwe kumafunika pakuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kwa kukula kwa chitsanzo cha mayeso okakamiza komanso mphamvu yocheperako yokhazikika.
Mayeso Opindika
Pa chitoliro cha DN ≤ 50 [NPS ≤ 2], kutalika kokwanira kwa chitoliro kuyenera kupindika kuzizira kudutsa 90° mozungulira mandrel yozungulira, yomwe m'mimba mwake ndi nthawi khumi ndi ziwiri kuposa m'mimba mwake wakunja wa chitoliro, popanda kupanga ming'alu pagawo lililonse komanso popanda kutsegula weld.
Wamphamvu kwambiri kawiri(kalasi yolemera:XXS) chitoliro chodutsa pa DN 32 [NPS 1 1/4] sichiyenera kuyesedwa kupindika.
Mayeso Ophwanyika
Kuyesa kosalala kuyenera kuchitidwa pa chitoliro cholumikizidwa pamwamba pa DN 50 cholemera kwambiri (XS) kapena chopepuka.
Yoyenera machubu a Type E, Giredi A ndi B; ndi Type F, Giredi B.
Machubu achitsulo opanda msoko sayenera kuyesedwa.
Nthawi Yoyesera
Pa makulidwe onse a mapaipi a Mtundu S, Mtundu E, ndi Mtundu F Giredi B, kuthamanga koyesera kuyenera kusungidwa kwa masekondi osachepera 5.
Kuyesa kwa hydrostatic kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, popanda kutuluka kudzera mu msoko wa weld kapena thupi la chitoliro.
Mavuto Oyesera
Chitoliro chopanda malireiyenera kuyesedwa ndi hydrostatic kuti igwirizane ndi kuthamanga komwe kwaperekedwa muTebulo X2.2,
Chitoliro cholumikizidwa ndi cholumikizidwaiyenera kuyesedwa ndi hydrostatic kuti igwirizane ndi kuthamanga komwe kwaperekedwa muTebulo X2.3.
Pa mapaipi achitsulo okhala ndi DN ≤ 80 [NPS ≤ 80], kuthamanga kwa mayeso sikuyenera kupitirira 17.2MPa;
Pa mapaipi achitsulo okhala ndi DN ＞80 [NPS ＞80], kuthamanga kwa mayeso sikuyenera kupitirira 19.3MPa;
Kupanikizika kwakukulu koyesera kungasankhidwe ngati pali zofunikira zapadera za uinjiniya, koma izi zimafuna kukambirana pakati pa wopanga ndi kasitomala.
Kulemba
Ngati chitolirocho chinayesedwa ndi madzi, chizindikirocho chiyenera kusonyezakupanikizika koyesa.
Zofunikira zotsatirazi zikugwira ntchito pa chitoliro cha Type E ndi Type F Grade B.
Chitoliro chopanda msoko chili ndi zofunikira zina zomwe sizikufotokozedwa m'chikalatachi.
Njira Zoyesera
Mapaipi opangidwa ndi makina okulitsa ndi ochepetsa kutentha osatentha: DN ≥ 50 [NPS ≥ 2],zolungiramu gawo lililonse la chitoliro ayenera kupambana mayeso amagetsi osawononga, ndipo njira yoyesera iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndiE213, E273, E309 kapena E570muyezo.
Mapaipi a ERW opangidwa ndi makina ochepetsa kutentha: DN ≥ 50 [NPS ≥ 2]Gawo lililonseMapaipi ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mokwanira pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso amagetsi osawononga, omwe ayenera kutsatira malamulo aE213, E309, kapenaE570miyezo.
Zindikirani: Makina Okulitsa Chingwe Chotentha ndi makina omwe amatambasula ndikufinya machubu achitsulo nthawi zonse ndi ma rollers kutentha kwambiri kuti asinthe mainchesi awo ndi makulidwe a makoma.
Kulemba
Ngati chubucho chayesedwa mosawononga, ndikofunikira kuwonetsaNDEpa chizindikiro.
Misa
± 10%.
Chitoliro cha DN ≤ 100 [NPS ≤ 4], cholemera ngati batch.
Mapaipi DN > 100 [NPS > 4], olemera m'zidutswa chimodzi.
M'mimba mwake
Pa chitoliro cha DN ≤40 [NPS≤ 1 1/2], kusiyana kwa OD sikuyenera kupitirira ±0.4 mm [1/64 in.].
Pa chitoliro cha DN ≥50 [NPS>2], kusintha kwa OD sikuyenera kupitirira ±1%.
Makulidwe
Kukhuthala kwa khoma kocheperako sikuyenera kukhala kochepera87.5%makulidwe a khoma omwe atchulidwa.
zopepuka kuposa zolemera kwambiri (XS):
a) chitoliro chopanda malire: 3.66 - 4.88m [12 - 16 ft], Osapitirira 5% ya chiwerengero chonse.
b) kutalika kawiri mwachisawawa: ≥ 6.71 m [22 ft], kutalika kocheperako kwapakati pa 10.67m [35 ft].
c) Utali umodzi mwachisawawa: 4.88 -6.71m [16 - 22 ft], osapitirira 5% ya chiwerengero chonse cha utali wa ulusi woperekedwa ngati zolumikizira (zidutswa ziwiri zolumikizidwa pamodzi).
Kulemera kwambiri (XS) kapena kolemera kwambiri: 3.66-6.71 m [12 - 22 ft], osapitirira 5% ya chitoliro chonse 1.83 - 3.66 m [6 - 12 ft].
Kwa ASTM, chitoliro chachitsulo cha A53 chimapezeka chakuda kapena cha galvanized.
ChakudaMachubu achitsulo opanda mankhwala aliwonse pamwamba, nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa ntchito yopangira, pa ntchito zomwe sizikufunika kukana dzimbiri.
Mapaipi okhala ndi galvanized ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Njira
Zinc iyenera kuphimbidwa mkati ndi kunja pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotentha yoviika.
Zopangira
Zinc yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto iyenera kukhala ya mtundu uliwonse wa zinc mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za SpecificationASTM B6.
Maonekedwe
Chitoliro chopangidwa ndi galvanized chisakhale ndi malo osaphimbidwa, thovu la mpweya, malo otuluka madzi, ndi zinthu zonga slag. Ziphuphu, ma bumps, ma globules, kapena zinc zambiri zomwe zimasokoneza kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho siziloledwa.
Kulemera kwa Kuphimba kwa Kanasonkhezereka
Iyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso a peel malinga ndi njira yoyesera ya ASTM A90.
Kulemera kwa chophimba sikuyenera kuchepera 0.55 kg/m² [1.8 oz/ft²].
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha ASTM A53 ERWnthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito zotsika kapena zapakati monga uinjiniya wa boma, zomangamanga, ndi mapaipi omangira makina. Zochitika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kutumiza madzi, nthunzi, mpweya, ndi zakumwa zina zotsika mphamvu.
Ndi kusinthasintha bwino, ndi oyenera kupanga ntchito zokhudzana ndi kupindika, kupindika, ndi kupotoza.
