Phakathi "kwezimoto" ezidingekayo ukuhambisa into ethile, enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu amapayipi. Ipayipi lihlinzeka ngokuthutha amagesi noketshezi okungabizi futhi okuqhubekayo. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamapayipi. Imiklamo iyahlukahluka ngobukhulu, ububanzi, ingcindezi, kanye nokushisa kokusebenza.
Amapayipi amakhulu, enethiwekhi yosizo, ezobuchwepheshe, emikhumbi (yomshini) ayahluka ngobukhulu. Ake sibheke ngokujulile inhloso kanye nezigaba zamapayipi amakhulu kanye nezobuchwepheshe.
IsiquamapayipiI-aphoyintimenti kanye nesigaba
Amapayipi amakhulu ayisakhiwo sobuchwepheshe esiyinkimbinkimbi kangaka, esakhiwe yipayipi elingamakhilomitha amaningi, iziteshi zokupompa igesi noma uwoyela, izindawo zokuwela phezu kwemifula noma imigwaqo. Amapayipi amakhulu athutha uwoyela nemikhiqizo kaphethiloli, igesi ye-hydrocarbon encibilikisiwe, igesi kaphethiloli, igesi yokuqala, njll.
Wonke amapayipi amakhulu enziwa ngobuchwepheshe bokushisela kuphela. Okusho ukuthi, ebusweni banoma yiliphi ipayipi eliyinhloko ungabona umthungo ojikelezayo noma oqondile. Njengezinto zokwakha amapayipi anjalo, kusetshenziswa insimbi, njengoba iyinto engabizi, eqinile, ephekiwe kahle futhi enokwethenjelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaba yinsimbi "yakudala" yesakhiwo enezakhiwo ezikhethiwe zemishini, insimbi enekhabhoni ephansi noma i-carbonic ukuze ibe sezingeni elijwayelekile.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamapayipi amakhulu
Kuye ngengcindezi yokusebenza epayipini, amapayipi amakhulu egesi ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili:
I - ekucindezelweni kokusebenza okungaphezu kuka-2.5 kuya ku-10.0 MPA (ngaphezu kuka-25 kuya ku-100 kgs/cm2) kufakiwe;
II - uma ingcindezi yokusebenza ingaphezu kuka-1.2 kuya ku-2.5 MP (ngaphezu kuka-12 kuya ku-25 kgs/cm2) ifakiwe.
Kuye ngobukhulu bepayipi, ipayipi linikezwa amakilasi amane, mm:
I - enobubanzi obujwayelekile obungaphezu kuka-1000 kuya ku-1200 bufakiwe;
II - okufanayo, kufakwe ngaphezu kuka-500 kuya ku-1000;
III iyafana.
IV - 300 noma ngaphansi.
Amapayipi obuchwepheshe. Ukuqokwa kanye nesigaba
Amapayipi obuchwepheshe ayimishini yokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli, amanzi, izinto zokusetshenziswa, imikhiqizo eqediwe kancane kanye nemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni esitshalweni sezimboni. Amapayipi anjalo athutha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nemfucuza ehlukahlukene.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamapayipi obuchwepheshe kwenzeka ngezici ezifana nalezi:
Indawo:phakathi kwezinhloso, ngaphakathi kwegatsha.
Indlela yokubeka:ngaphezu komhlabathi, phansi, ngaphansi komhlabathi.
Ingcindezi yangaphakathi:okungenangcindezi (ozisebenzelayo), i-vacuum, umfutho ophansi, umfutho ophakathi, umfutho ophezulu.
Izinga lokushisa lento ethwalwayo:okubangela ukucasuka, ukubanda, okuvamile, okufudumele, okushisa, okushisayo ngokweqile.
Ulaka lwento ethwalwayo:okungenalo ulaka, obuthakathaka-oludlame (oluncane-oludlame), onolaka oluphakathi, onolaka.
Izinto ezithuthwayo:amapayipi omusi,amapayipi amanzi, amapayipi,amapayipi egesi, amapayipi e-oxygen, amapayipi kawoyela, izintambo ze-acetyleno, amapayipi kawoyela, amapayipi egesi, amapayipi e-asidi, amapayipi e-alkaline, amapayipi e-ammonia, njll.
Izinto:insimbi, insimbi enesembozo sangaphakathi noma sangaphandle, kusuka ezinsimbini ezingezona insimbi, insimbi ephonswe, kusuka ezintweni ezingezona insimbi.
Uxhumano:okungahlukaniseki, isixhumi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-01-2022