I-Q345 iyinsimbi. Iyinsimbi ethambile (C<0.2%), esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, emabhulohweni, ezimotweni, emikhunjini, emikhunjini yokucindezela, njll. I-Q imelela amandla okukhiqiza ale nto, kanti okulandelayo okungu-345 kubhekisela enanini lokukhiqiza lale nto, elingaba ngu-345 MPa. Futhi inani lokukhiqiza lizoncipha ngokwanda kobukhulu bento.
I-Q345 inezakhiwo ezinhle zomshini eziphelele, ukusebenza kahle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi okwamukelekayo, i-plasticity enhle kanye nokushibilika, futhi isetshenziswa njengezakhiwo, izingxenye zomshini, izakhiwo zokwakha, izingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi ezijwayelekile, ezigoqwe ngokushisa noma ezijwayelekile, zingasetshenziswa ezakhiweni ezahlukahlukene ezindaweni ezibandayo ezingaphansi kuka-40°C.
Ukuhlukaniswa
I-Q345 ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-Q345A,Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E ngokwezinga. Lokho abakumelelayo ikakhulukazi izinga lokushisa lokushaqeka.
Izinga le-Q345A, akukho mthelela;
Izinga le-Q345B, umthelela wokushisa ojwayelekile wama-degree angu-20;
Izinga le-Q345C, liyi-0 degree impact;
Izinga le-Q345D, lingu--20 degrees impact;
Izinga le-Q345E, liyi--40 degrees impact.
Emazingeni okushisa ahlukene okushaqeka, amanani okushaqeka nawo ahlukile.
ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali
Q345A：C≤0.20,Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.045，S≤0.045，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345B：C≤0.20， Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.040，S≤0.040，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345C：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.035，S≤0.035，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345D：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.030，S≤0.030，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345E：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.025，S≤0.025，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
uma kuqhathaniswa ne-16Mn
Insimbi ye-Q345 ithatha indawo yemikhiqizo emidala ye-12MnV, 14MnNb, 18Nb, 16MnRE, 16Mn nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi, hhayi nje indawo yensimbi ye-16Mn. Ngokuphathelene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, i-16Mn ne-Q345 nazo zihlukile. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kunomehluko omkhulu ngobukhulu beqembu lobukhulu bezinsimbi ezimbili ngokuya ngomehluko wamandla okukhiqiza, futhi lokhu kuzobangela ngokungenakugwenywa izinguquko ekucindezelweni okuvunyelwe kwezinto ezinobukhulu obuthile. Ngakho-ke, akufaneleki ukusebenzisa nje ukucindezeleka okuvunyelwe kwensimbi ye-16Mn ensimbi ye-Q345, kodwa ukucindezeleka okuvunyelwe kufanele kunqunywe kabusha ngokuya ngobukhulu beqembu lobukhulu bensimbi entsha.
Ingxenye yezinto eziyinhloko zensimbi ye-Q345 ifana kakhulu neyensimbi engu-16Mn, umehluko ukuthi kunezelwa izinto ze-trace alloy ze-V, Ti kanye ne-Nb. Inani elincane lezinto ze-alloying ze-V, Ti, kanye ne-Nb lingacwengisisa okusanhlamvu, lithuthukise kakhulu ukuqina kwensimbi, futhi lithuthukise kakhulu izakhiwo zensimbi eziphelele. Kungenxa yalokhu futhi ukuthi ubukhulu bepuleti lensimbi bungenziwa bube bukhulu. Ngakho-ke, izakhiwo zensimbi eziphelele zensimbi ye-Q345 kufanele zibe ngcono kunensimbi engu-16Mn, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kwayo okuphansi kokushisa akutholakali ensimbini engu-16Mn. Ukucindezeleka okuvumelekile kwensimbi ye-Q345 kuphakeme kancane kunokwensimbi engu-16Mn.
ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza
Q345Dipayipi elingenamthungoizakhiwo zemishini:
Amandla okunamathela: 490-675 Amandla okukhiqiza: ≥345 Ukwelulwa: ≥22
Q345Bipayipi elingenamthungoizakhiwo zemishini:
Amandla okunamathela: 490-675 Amandla okukhiqiza: ≥345 Ukwelulwa: ≥21
Izakhiwo zemishini zamapayipi angenamthungo ze-Q345A:
Amandla okunamathela: 490-675 Amandla okukhiqiza: ≥345 Ukwelulwa: ≥21
Izakhiwo zemishini zamapayipi angenamthungo ze-Q345C:
Amandla okunamathela: 490-675 Amandla okukhiqiza: ≥345 Ukwelulwa: ≥22
Izakhiwo zemishini zamapayipi angenamthungo ze-Q345E:
Amandla okunamathela: 490-675 Amandla okukhiqiza: ≥345 Ukwelulwa: ≥22
Uchungechunge Lomkhiqizo
Insimbi ye-Q345D uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi ye-Q345A, B, C. Izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lamandla omthelela ophansi wokushisa liphansi. Ukusebenza okuhle. Inani lezinto eziyingozi i-P ne-S liphansi kunele-Q345A, B ne-C. Intengo yemakethe iphakeme kune-Q345A, B, C.
Incazelo ye-Q345D:
① Yakhiwe ngenombolo ye-Q + + uphawu lwezinga lekhwalithi + uphawu lwendlela yokususa i-oxidation. Inombolo yayo yensimbi yandulelwa yi-"Q", emele iphuzu lokukhiqiza lensimbi, kanti inombolo engemuva kwayo imele inani lephuzu lokukhiqiza ku-MPa. Isibonelo, i-Q235 imele insimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni enephuzu lokukhiqiza (σs) elingu-235 MPa.
②Uma kudingeka, uphawu olubonisa izinga lekhwalithi kanye nendlela yokususa i-oxidation lungaphawulwa ngemuva kwenombolo yensimbi. Izimpawu zezinga lekhwalithi ziyi-A, B, C, D ngokulandelana. Uphawu lwendlela yokususa i-oxidation: F lisho insimbi ebilayo; b lisho insimbi ebulewe kancane; Z lisho insimbi ebulewe; TZ lisho insimbi ekhethekile ebulewe, kanti insimbi ebulewe ayinakumakwa ngezimpawu, okungukuthi, kokubili i-Z ne-TZ kungashiywa. Isibonelo, i-Q235-AF isho insimbi ebilayo yebanga A.
③ Insimbi yekhabhoni ngezinjongo ezikhethekile, njengensimbi yebhuloho, insimbi yasolwandle, njll., isebenzisa ngokuyisisekelo indlela yokuveza insimbi yesakhiwo yekhabhoni, kodwa uhlamvu olubonisa injongo lufakwa ekugcineni kwenombolo yensimbi.
Isingeniso sezinto ezibonakalayo
| isici | C≤ | Mn | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ | Al≥ | V | Nb | Ti |
| okuqukethwe | 0.2 | 1.0-1.6 | 0.55 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 0.02-0.15 | 0.015-0.06 | 0.02-0.2 |
Izakhiwo zemishini ze-Q345C zimi kanje (%):
| Inkomba yezakhiwo zemishini | Ukwelulwa (%) | Izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lingu-0℃ | Amandla okudonsa e-MPa | Iphuzu lokuphuma le-MPa≥ |
| inani | δ5≥22 | J≥34 | σb(470-650) | σ (324-259) |
Uma ubukhulu bodonga buphakathi kuka-16-35mm, σs≥325Mpa; uma ubukhulu bodonga buphakathi kuka-35-50mm, σs≥295Mpa
2. Izici zokushisela zensimbi ye-Q345
2.1 Ukubalwa kokulingana kwekhabhoni (i-Ceq)
Ceq=C+Mn/6+Ni/15+Cu/15+Cr/5+Mo/5+V/5
Bala i-Ceq=0.49%, enkulu kuno-0.45%, kungabonakala ukuthi ukusebenza kokushisela kwensimbi ye-Q345 akukuhle kakhulu, futhi kudingeka kwenziwe izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe eziqinile ngesikhathi sokushisela.
2.2 Izinkinga ezivame ukwenzeka ensimbini ye-Q345 ngesikhathi sokushisela
2.2.1 Ukuthambekela kokuqina endaweni ethintekile ukushisa
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela nokupholisa insimbi ye-Q345, isakhiwo esicishiwe-i-martensite sakhiwa kalula endaweni ethinteke ukushisa, okwandisa ubulukhuni futhi kunciphisa ukuqina kwendawo eseduze nomthungo. Umphumela uba imifantu ngemva kokushisela.
2.2.2 Ukuzwela komkhuhlane ekuqhekekeni
Imifantu yokushisela yensimbi ye-Q345 ngokuyinhloko imifantu ebandayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-20-2023