Izinto eziyinhloko zokuhlola ikhwalithi kanye nezindlela zokuhlolaamapayipi angenamthungo:
1. Hlola usayizi nesimo sepayipi lensimbi
(1) Ukuhlolwa kobukhulu bodonga lwepayipi lensimbi: i-micrometer, i-ultrasonic thickness gauge, okungenani amaphuzu angu-8 kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kanye nerekhodi.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kobubanzi bangaphandle bepayipi lensimbi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-ovality: ama-calliper gauges, ama-vernier caliper, kanye nama-ring gauges ukukala amaphuzu amakhulu namancane.
(3) Ukuhlolwa kobude bepayipi lensimbi: itheyiphu yensimbi, ngesandla, ukulinganisa ubude okuzenzakalelayo.
(4) Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokugoba kwepayipi lensimbi: irula, irula elisezingeni (1m), igeyiji yokuzwa, kanye nomugqa omncane wokulinganisa izinga lokugoba ngemitha kanye nezinga lokugoba eligcwele ubude.
(5) Ukuhlolwa kwe-engeli ye-bevel kanye nomngcele ongabonakali wobuso bokugcina bepayipi lensimbi: irula eliyisikwele, ipuleti lokubopha.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yobuso be-amapayipi angenamthungo
(1) Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo ngesandla: ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya ezinhle, ngokwezindinganiso, ulwazi lokubhekisela kokumaka, phendula ipayipi lensimbi ukuze uhlole ngokucophelela. Izingxenye zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo azivunyelwe ukuba nemifantu, ukugoba, izibazi, ukugoqa kanye nokuhlukanisa.
(2) Ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi ukuhlolwa:
a. Ukutholwa kwamaphutha e-Ultrasonic UT: Izwela amaphutha okuqhekeka kwangaphezulu nangaphakathi kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezinezinto ezifanayo.
b. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Eddy current ET (electromagnetic induction) kuzwela kakhulu kumaphutha aqondile (amise okwembobo).
c. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Magnetic Particle MT kanye ne-Flux Leakage: Ukuhlolwa kwe-magnetic kufanelekile ukuthola amaphutha aphezulu naseduze kwezinto ze-ferromagnetic.
d. Ukutholwa kwamaphutha e-electromagnetic ultrasonic: Akukho medium yokuxhumanisa edingekayo, futhi ingasetshenziswa ekutholakaleni kwamaphutha ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi elinokushisa okuphezulu, elisheshayo, neliqinile.
e. Ukutholwa kwamaphutha angena ngaphakathi: ukukhanya, umbala, ukutholwa kwamaphutha ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali:ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali, ukuhlaziywa kwezinsimbi (ithuluzi le-CS le-infrared, i-spectrometer yokufunda ngqo, ithuluzi le-NO, njll.).
(1) Ithuluzi le-Infrared CS: Hlaziya ama-ferroalloy, izinto zokusetshenziswa zokwenza insimbi, kanye nezakhi ze-C ne-S ensimbini.
(2) I-spectrometer yokufunda ngqo: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni, Cn, Al, W, V, Ti, B, Nb, As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi kumasampula amaningi.
(3) Ithuluzi le-N-0: ukuhlaziywa kokuqukethwe kwegesi N, O.
4. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokuphathwa kwensimbi
(1) Ukuhlolwa kokuqina: linganisa ukucindezeleka kanye nokuguquguquka, nquma amandla (YS, TS) kanye ne-plasticity index (A, Z) yezinto ezibonakalayo. Isigaba sephayiphi yesampula ende neyinqamulayo, ukuma kwe-arc, isampula eyindilinga (￠10, ￠12.5) ububanzi obuncane, udonga oluncane, ububanzi obukhulu, ibanga lokulinganisa udonga olujiyile. Qaphela: Ukwandiswa kwesampula ngemva kokuphuka kuhlobene nosayizi wesampula GB/T 1760
(2) Ukuhlolwa komthelela: I-CVN, i-notch uhlobo C, uhlobo V, inani lomsebenzi J J/cm2 isampula ejwayelekile 10×10×55 (mm) isampula engeyona ejwayelekile 5×10×55 (mm).
(3) Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni: Ubunzima be-Brinell HB, ukuqina kwe-Rockwell HRC, ukuqina kwe-Vickers HV, njll.
(4) Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydraulic: ingcindezi yokuhlola, isikhathi sokuzinzisa ingcindezi, p=2Sδ/D.
5. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungoukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwenqubo
(1) Ukuhlolwa kokuthamba: isampula eyindilinga isampula enomumo ongu-C (S/D>0.15) H=(1+2)S/(∝+S/D) L=40～100mm, i-deformation coefficient ngobude beyunithi=0.07～0.08
(2) Ukuhlolwa kokudonsa indandatho: L=15mm, akukho ukuqhekeka okufanelekile
(3) Ukuhlolwa kokuvutha nokugoba: i-taper ephakathi ingu-30°, 40°, 60°
(4) Ukuhlolwa kokugoba: Kungathatha indawo yokuhlolwa kokuthamba (kwamapayipi amakhulu)
6. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Metallographic kweipayipi elingenamthungo
Ukuhlolwa kokukhulisa okuphezulu (ukuhlaziywa kwe-microscopic), ukuhlolwa kokukhulisa okuphansi (ukuhlaziywa kwe-macroscopic) ukuhlolwa komugqa wezinwele omise okwesiqongo ukuze kuhlaziywe usayizi wezinhlamvu zezinto ezifakiwe ezingezona ezensimbi, kuboniswe izicubu ezinobukhulu obuphansi kanye namaphutha (njengokuxega, ukuhlukaniswa, amabhamuza angaphansi kwesikhumba, njll.), futhi kuhlolwe inani, ubude kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemigqa yezinwele.
Isakhiwo sokukhulisa okuphansi (okukhulu): Amabala amhlophe abonakala ngokubonakalayo, ukufakwa, amabhamuza angaphansi kwesikhumba, ukujika kwesikhumba kanye nokuhlukanisa akuvunyelwe ezingcezwini zokuhlola zokukhulisa okuphansi zamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo.
Ukuhleleka kwamandla aphezulu (microscopic): Hlola nge-microscope yama-electron enamandla aphezulu. Ukuhlolwa komugqa wezinwele we-tower: hlola inani, ubude kanye nokusabalala kwemigqa yezinwele.
Iqoqo ngalinye lamapayipi ensimbi angena efektri kufanele lihambisane nesitifiketi sekhwalithi esifakazela ubuqotho bokuqukethwe kweqoqo lamapayipi ensimbi angenantambo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 18-2023