I-ASTM A335 P12 (ASME SA335 P12) iyipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe elingenamthungo elenzelwe isevisi yokushisa okuphezulu.
Izinto eziyinhloko zokuhlanganisa i-P12 ziyi-0.08–1.25% ye-chromium kanye ne-0.44–0.65% ye-molybdenum, okuyifaka esigabeni sensimbi ye-Cr-Mo alloy.
Lokhu kwaziswa kunikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa, kanye nokumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation, futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuma-boiler, ama-superheater, ama-heat exchanger, kanye namapayipi e-pressure vessel.
Amapayipi e-P12 avame ukusetshenziselwa ukugoba, ukufutha (ukufaka i-vanstoning), kanye nemisebenzi efanayo yokwakha, kanye nokushisela i-fusion.
Uma kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-P12, kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana ne-ASTM A999. Izidingo zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali yilezi ezilandelayo:
| Ibanga | Ukwakheka, % | ||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo | |
| P12 | 0.05 - 0.15 | 0.30 - 0.61 | Ubuningi obungu-0.025 | Ubuningi obungu-0.025 | Umkhawulo ongu-0.50 | 0.08 - 1.25 | 0.44 - 0.65 |
I-Chromium ithuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana kwamapayipi ensimbi ekushiseni okuphezulu futhi ithuthukisa ukuzinza kwawo ngesikhathi senkonzo yesikhathi eside yokushisa okuphezulu. I-Molybdenum ikhulisa amandla okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokukhukhuleka.
| Ibanga | I-ASTM A335 P12 | |
| Amandla okudonsa, i-min, i-ksi [MPa] | 60 [415] | |
| Amandla okukhiqiza, i-min, i-ksi [MPa] | 32 [220] | |
| Ukwelulwa okungu-2 in. noma 50 mm (noma 4D), min, % | I-Longitudinal | I-Transverse |
| Ukwelulwa okuncane okuyisisekelo kodonga oluyi-5/16 in [8 mm] nangaphezulu ngobukhulu, ukuhlolwa kwe-strip, kanye nabo bonke osayizi abancane abahlolwe esigabeni esigcwele | 30 | 20 |
| Uma kusetshenziswa isampula ejwayelekile eyindilinga engu-2 intshi noma engu-50 mm ubude begeji noma usayizi omncane ngokulingana enobude begeji obulingana no-4D (ububanzi obuphindwe kane). | 22 | 14 |
| Kuzivivinyo ze-strip, kufanele kukhishwe ukwehla ngakunye okungu-1/32 in [0.8 mm] kobukhulu bodonga obungaphansi kuka-5/16 in. [8 mm] kusukela ekunwetshweni okuyisisekelo kwamaphuzu alandelayo amaphesenti. | 1.50 | 1.00 |
Umkhiqizi kanye Nesimo
Amapayipi ensimbi e-ASTM A335 P12 kumele enziwe yi-inqubo engenamthungofuthi kufanele kuqedwe ngokushisa noma kubanda, njengoba kuchaziwe.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa
Wonke amapayipi e-P12 kufanele aphinde afudunyezwe ukuze aphathwe ngokushisa futhi aphathwe ngokushisa ngokuhambisana nezidingo zetafula.
| Ibanga | Uhlobo Lokwelapha Ukushisa | Ukushisa Okungaphansi Kokubalulekile Kokunamathela Noma Kokushisa |
| I-ASTM A335 P12 | i-anneal egcwele noma engeyona eyethermal | — |
| ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile kanye nokushisa | 1200 ℉ [650 ℃] | |
| i-anneal engaphansi kokugxeka | 1200 ~ 1300 ℉ [650 ~ 705 ℃] |
Ubude ngabunye bepayipi elinobubanzi bangaphandle obungaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-250 [250 mm] kanye nobukhulu bodonga obungaphansi noma obulingana namasentimitha angu-0.75 [19 mm] kufanele kuhlolwe nge-hydrostatic.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okungonakalisi ngokuhambisana ne-ASTM E213, E309, kanye ne-E570 kungasetshenziswa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuhlola ekhethiwe, kufanele ikhonjiswe ekumakisheni kwepayipi, kanye nezidingo zokumaka kanje:
| I-Ultrasonic | Ukuvuza kwe-Flux | I-Eddy Current | I-Hydrostatic | Ukumaka |
| No | No | No | Yebo | Isicindezeli Sokuhlola |
| Yebo | No | No | No | UT |
| No | Yebo | No | No | FL |
| No | No | Yebo | No | EC |
| Yebo | Yebo | No | No | UT / FL |
| Yebo | No | Yebo | No | I-UT / EC |
| No | No | No | No | NH |
| Yebo | No | No | Yebo | I-UT / Isicindezeli Sokuhlola |
| No | Yebo | No | Yebo | I-FL / Isicindezeli Sokuhlola |
| No | No | Yebo | Yebo | Ingcindezi ye-EC / Test |
Ukubekezelelana Kwesilinganiso
Kwamapayipi a-odwe ku-NPS [DN] nomaububanzi bangaphandle, ukuhlukahluka kobubanzi bangaphandle akufanele kudlule lokho okuchazwe etafuleni lokushaya.
| Umklami we-NPS [DN] | Izinguquko Ezivumelekile | |
| ku. | mm | |
| 1/8 kuya ku-1 1/2 [6 kuya ku-40], intshi. | ±1/64 [0.015] | ±0.40 |
| Ngaphezu kwe-1 1/2 kuya ku-4 [40 kuya ku-100], intshi. | ±1/32 [0.031] | ±0.79 |
| Ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-8 [100 kuya kwangu-200]. | -1/32 - +1/16 [-0.031 - +0.062] | -0.79 - +1.59 |
| Ngaphezu kuka-8 kuya ku-12 [200 kuya ku-300], intshi. | -1/32 - +3/32 [-0.031 - 0.093] | -0.79 - +2.38 |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-12 [300] | ±1% yobubanzi obungaphandle obucacisiwe | |
Amapayipi a-odwe ukuzeububanzi bangaphakathi, ububanzi bangaphakathi akufanele buhluke ngaphezu kuka-±1% kusuka kububanzi bangaphakathi obucacisiwe.
Ukubekezelela Ubukhulu Bodonga
Ngaphezu komkhawulo ongabonakali wobukhulu bodonga lwepayipi obekwe umkhawulo wesisindo ku-ASTM A999, ubukhulu bodonga lwepayipi endaweni kufanele bube ngaphakathi kokulinganisela etafuleni lokuqhuma.
| Umklami we-NPS [DN] | Ukubekezelelana, ifomu elingu-% elicacisiwe |
| 1/8 kuya ku-2 1/2 [6 kuya ku-65] kufaka phakathi zonke izilinganiso ze-t/D | -12.5 - +20.0 |
| Ngaphezulu kuka-2 1/2 [65], t/D ≤ 5% | -12.5 - +22.5 |
| Ngaphezulu kuka-2 1/2, t/D ＞ 5% | -12.5 - +15.0 |
t = Ubukhulu Bodonga Obucacisiwe; D = Ububanzi Bangaphandle Obucacisiwe.
| I-ASME | I-ASTM | EN | GB | I-JIS |
| I-ASME SA335 P12 | I-ASTM A213 T12 | I-EN 10216-2 13CrMo4-5 | I-GB/T 5310 15CrMoG | I-JIS G 3462 STBA22 |
Izinto:Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo e-ASTM A335 P12 kanye nokufakwa kwawo;
Usayizi:1/8" kuya ku-24", noma ngezifiso ngokwezidingo zakho;
Ubude:Ubude obungahleliwe noma ukusika ngokwe-oda;
Ukupakisha:Ukugqoka okumnyama, iziphetho ezigobile, izivikelo zokuphela kwamapayipi, amabhokisi okhuni, njll.
Ukusekelwa:isitifiketi se-IBR, ukuhlolwa kwe-TPI, i-MTC, ukusika, ukucubungula, kanye nokwenza ngezifiso;
I-MOQ:1 m;
Imigomo Yokukhokha:I-T/T noma i-L/C;
Intengo:Xhumana nathi ukuthola amanani akamuva epayipi lensimbi le-P12.
