I-ASTM A335 P91, obeye aziwe njengoI-ASME SA335 P91, iyipayipi yensimbi engenamthungo ye-ferritic alloy yesevisi yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, i-UNS No. K91560.
Inobuncaneamandla e-tensile angu-585 MPa(85 ksi) kanye nobuncaneisivuno amandla 415 MPa(60 ksi).
P91ikakhulukazi iqukethe izakhi ze-alloying njenge-chromium ne-molybdenum, futhi izinhlobonhlobo zezinye izakhi ze-alloying zengezwa, eziyingxenye ye-alloying.high-alloy steel, ngakho-ke inamandla amakhulu nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-P91 itholakala ngezinhlobo ezimbili,Uhlobo 1futhiUhlobo 2, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zikagesi, izindawo zokuhluza, izinsiza zamakhemikhali izinto ezibucayi, kanye namapayipi ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu nezinomfutho ophezulu.
Ipayipi lensimbi le-P91 lihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili, Uhlobo 1 nohlobo 2.
Zombili lezi zinhlobo ziyefana ngokwezakhiwo zemishini nezinye izidingo ezinjengokwelashwa kokushisa,nomehluko omncane ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali nokugxila kwesicelo esithile.
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali: Uma kuqhathaniswa noHlobo loku-1, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali oHlobo 2 kuqine kakhulu futhi kuqukethe izakhi ze-alloying ukuze kunikeze ukumelana nokushisa nokugqwala okungcono.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Ngenxa yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuthuthukisiwe, Uhlobo 2 lufaneleka kakhulu amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu noma izindawo ezibolayo, noma ezinsizeni lapho kudingeka khona amandla aphezulu nokuqina.
Ipayipi lensimbi le-ASTM A335 kufanele libeengenamthungo.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza engenamthungo ihlukaniswe yabahot finishfuthiukubanda.
Ngezansi umdwebo wenqubo yokuqeda ukushisa.
Ikakhulukazi, i-P91, ipayipi yensimbi ephezulu ye-alloy, evame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinzima ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezingcindezi, ipayipi yensimbi engenamthungo igcizelelwe ngokufanayo futhi ingenziwa ibe izindonga eziqinile, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuphepha okuphezulu nokusebenza kangcono kwezindleko.
I-P91 Wonke amapayipi kufanele aphathwe ngokushisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-microstructure yepayipi, ithuthukise izakhiwo zayo zemishini, futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela.
Izingxenye Zamakhemikhali ze-P91
Izingxenye Zamakhemikhali ze-P91 Uhlobo 2
Ngezithombe ezimbili ezingenhla, kulula ukubona umehluko phakathi kwezakhi zamakhemikhali zoHlobo 1 kanye Nohlobo 2 kanye nemikhawulo.
1. Impahla Eqinile
Ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukala i-veza amandla, amandla aqinile, futhielongation yohlelo lokuhlola lwamapayipi ensimbi, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ezibonakalayo zokuhlolwa.
AIthebula lesi-5 linikeza amanani amancane abaliwe.
Lapho ubukhulu bodonga buphakathi kwamanani amabili angenhla, ubuncane bevelu yobude bunqunywa ifomula elandelayo:
I-Longitudinal, P91: E = 32t + 15.00 [E = 1.25t + 15.00]
kuphi:
E = ubude ku-2 in. noma 50 mm, %,
t = ukujiya kwangempela kwezibonelo, ku-. [mm].
2. Ubulukhuni
Izinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokuhlola ubulukhuni zingasetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa uVickers, uBrinell, noRockwell.
Ubukhulu bodonga <0.065 in. [1.7 mm]: Akukho ukuhlolwa kokuqina okudingekayo;
0.065 in. [1.7 mm] ≤ ukujiya kodonga <0.200 in. [5.1 mm]: Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Rockwell kuzosetshenziswa;
Ukuqina kwezindonga ≥ 0.200 in. [5.1 mm]: ukusetshenziswa kokuzithandela kokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Brinell noma ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Rockwell.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Vickers kusebenza kuzo zonke izingqimba zamashubhu. Indlela yokuhlola yenziwa ngokuhambisana nezidingo ze-E92.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kokucaba
Ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ngokuhambisana neSigaba 20 sezinga le-ASTM A999.
4. Bend Test
Goba ngo-180 ° ekamelweni lokushisa, akukho mifantu ezovela ngaphandle kwengxenye egobile.
Usayizi > NPS25 noma D/t ≥ 7.0: Ukuhlolwa kokugoba kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kokucaba.
5. P91 Izinhlelo Zokulinga Ongazikhethela
Izinto zokuhlola ezilandelayo azizona izinto zokuhlola ezidingekayo, uma kunesidingo zinganqunywa ngokuxoxisana.
S1: Ukuhlaziywa Komkhiqizo
I-S3: Ukuhlolwa Kokucaba
I-S4: Isakhiwo Sensimbi kanye Nokuhlolwa Kwe-Etching
I-S5: Ama-Photomicrographs
I-S6: Ama-Photomicrographs Ezingcezu Ngamunye
I-S7: Okunye Ukwelashwa Kokushisa-Ibanga le-P91 Uhlobo 1 kanye Nohlobo 2
Ukuhlolwa kwamanzi e-P91 kuzohambisana nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo.
I-diameter yangaphandle ~10in. [250mm] nokuqina kodonga ≤ 0.75in. [19mm]: lokhu kufanele kube ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic.
Abanye osayizi bokuhlolwa kukagesi okungangonakali.
Ngensimbi ye-ferritic alloy kanye namashubhu ensimbi engagqwali, udonga lungaphansi kwengcindezi engekho ngaphansiU-60% wamandla esivuno amancane ashiwo.
I-hydro test pressure izogcinwa okungenani 5sngaphandle kokuvuza noma okunye ukukhubazeka.
Umfutho we-hydraulicingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula:
P = 2St/D
P= ingcindezi yokuhlola i-hydrostatic ku-psi [MPa];
S = ukucindezelwa kodonga lwamapayipi ku-psi noma [MPa];
t = ukujiya kodonga olucacisiwe, ukujiya kodonga okuzisholo ngokwenombolo yesheduli ye-ANSI eshiwo noma izikhathi ezingu-1.143 ubukhulu obuncane obubekiwe bodonga, in. [mm];
D = eshiwo ububanzi obungaphandle, ububanzi obungaphandle obuhambisana nosayizi wepayipi le-ANSI elishiwo, noma ububanzi bangaphandle obalwe ngokwengeza u-2t (njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla) kububanzi obushiwo bangaphakathi, ku-. [mm].
Ipayipi le-P91 lihlolwa ngendlela yokuhlola i-E213. Izinga le-E213 liphathelene ngokuyinhloko nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic (UT).
Uma icaciswe ku-oda, ingabuye ihlolwe ngokwendlela yokuhlola i-E309 noma i-E570.
Izinga le-E309 livamise ukubhekana nokuhlolwa kwe-electromagnetic (eddy current), kuyilapho i-E570 iyindlela yokuhlola ehlanganisa ama-eddy array amanje.
Ukwehluka Okuvumelekile Kububanzi
Ukuze ipayipi oda ukubaububanzi bangaphakathi, ububanzi bangaphakathi akufanele buhluke ngaphezu kuka-±1% ukusuka kububanzi obushiwo bangaphakathi.
I-Tubing ifakweI-NPS [DN] noma amadayamitha angaphandleakumele kuhluke amadayamitha angaphandle angaphezu kwalawo ashiwo kumathebula angezansi.
Izinguquko Ezivumelekile Ebugqileni Bodonga
Izilinganiso zobukhulu bodonga zizokwenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-caliper asebenza ngomshini noma izinto zokuhlola ezilinganiswe kahle ezingacekeleki phansi ngokunemba okufanele. Esimeni sengxabano, ukulinganisa okunqunywe kusetshenziswa ama-caliper mechanical kuzosebenza.
Ubukhulu obuncane bodonga kanye nedayamitha yangaphandle ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthobela le mfuneko yepayipi eli-odwe yi-NPS [DN] kanye nenombolo yeshejuli kubonisiweI-ASME B36.10M.
Amaphutha
Ukungapheleli kobuso kuthathwa njengokungamaphutha uma kweqa u-12.5% wogqinsi oluncane lodonga noma kweqa ukujiya kodonga oluyisisekelo.
Ukungapheleli
Izimpawu zemishini, imihuzuko, nemigodi, noma yikuphi ukungapheleli kwakho kujule kuno-1/16 in. [1.6 mm].
Amamaki nama-abrasions achazwa ngokuthi ama-cable mark, ama-dinges, ama-guide mark, ama-roll mark, ama-ball scratches, amaphuzu, ama-die marks, nokunye okunjalo.
Lungisa
Amaphutha angase asuswe ngokugaya, inqobo nje uma ukujiya kodonga olusele abukho ngaphansi kobukhulu obuncane bodonga.
Ukulungisa kungenziwa futhi ngokushisela kodwa kufanele kuhambisane nezidingo ezifanele ze-A999.
Zonke izinsimbi zokulungisa ku-P91 zizokwenziwa ngenye yezinqubo zokushisela ezilandelayo nezinto ezisetshenziswayo: SMAW, A5.5/A5.5M E90XX-B9:SAW, A5.23/A5.23M EB9 + i-neutral flux; I-GTAW, A5.28/A5.28M ER90S-B9; kanye ne-FCAW A5.29/A5.29M E91TI-B9. Ukwengeza, isamba sokuqukethwe kwe-Ni+Mn kwazo zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushisela ezisetshenziselwa ukushisela ukulungiswa kwe-P91 Uhlobo 1 noHlobo lwe-2 ngeke lidlule u-1.0%.
Ipayipi le-P91 kufanele liphathwe ngokushisisa ku-1350-1470 °F [730-800°C] ngemva kokulungiswa kokushisela.
Indawo yangaphandle yepayipi yensimbi ehloliwe kufanele ibe nezinto ezilandelayo:
Igama lomkhiqizi noma uphawu lokuhweba; inombolo ejwayelekile; ibanga; ubude nophawu olwengeziwe "S".
Izimpawu zokucindezela kwe-hydrostatic kanye nokuhlola okungabhubhisi kuthebula elingezansi kufanele nakho kufakwe.
Uma ipayipi lilungiswa ngokushisela, lizomakwa "WR".
p91 Uhlobo (Uhlobo 1 noma Uhlobo 2) kufanele lukhonjiswe.
I-EN 10216-2: X10CrMoVNb9-1 noma 1.4903;
I-JIS G 3462: STPA 28;
I-GB/T 5310: 10Cr9Mo1VNb;
Lokhu okulingana kusondele kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali nasezimpahleni zomshini ku-ASTM A335 P91.
Izinto ezibonakalayol: I-ASTM A335 P91 ipayipi yensimbi engenamthungo;
OD: 1/8"- 24";
WT: ngokuvumelana neI-ASME B36.10izidingo;
Isheduli: SCH10, SCH20, SCH30,I-SCH40, SCH60,I-SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 kanye ne-SCH160;
Ukuhlonza:I-STD (ejwayelekile), i-XS (iqine ngokwedlulele), noma i-XXS (i-double extra-strong);
Ukwenza ngokwezifiso: Amasayizi amapayipi angajwayelekile nawo ayatholakala, osayizi abenziwe ngokwezifiso bayatholakala uma ucelwa;
Ubude: Ubude obuqondile nobungahleliwe;
Isitifiketi se-IBR: Singaxhumana nenhlangano yokuhlola yenkampani yangaphandle ukuze sithole isitifiketi se-IBR ngokwezidingo zakho, izinhlangano zethu zokuhlola ukubambisana yi-BV, SGS, TUV, njll.;
Qeda: Isiphetho esiyisicaba, isiphetho sepayipi esibeveled, noma esiyinhlanganisela;
Ubuso: Ipayipi elikhanyayo, upende, nokunye ukuvikeleka kwesikhashana, ukususwa nokugqwala, uthayela nokufakwa ngepulasitiki, nokunye ukuvikela isikhathi eside;
Ukupakisha: Ikesi lezinkuni, ibhande lensimbi noma ukupakisha ucingo lwensimbi, ipulasitiki noma isivikeli sepayipi lensimbi, njll.
