Ibanga lesi-3 le-ASTM A252iyinto evame kakhulu esetshenziswa njengepayipi lenqwaba eliyindilinga.
Izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi zebanga lesi-3 azikhawulelwe enkambisweni ethile yokukhiqiza futhi zingakhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza amapayipi, okuhlanganisaI-SMLS(okungathungwanga),I-SAW(i-arc welded ecwiliswe emanzini), kanyeI-EFW(i-electro-fusion welded). Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela ukuthi ivumelane nezidingo ezahlukene zobunjiniyela kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa.
Njengoba iyizinga eliphakeme kakhulu ku-A52 standard, inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini enamandla okukhiqiza okungenani angu-310 MPa kanye namandla okudonsa okungenani angu-455 MPa futhi ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yesakhiwo esithwala umthwalo noma njengegobolondo lama-cast-in-place concrete piles.
II-ASTM A252indinganiso ihlukanisa izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi zibe amazinga amathathu ukuze zivumelane nezimo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa kanye nezidingo zokulayisha. Amazinga amathathu yilawa:
Ibanga 1, Ibanga 2, kanye neBanga 3.
Le nkampani yethule isethi ephelele yemishini yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi ye-JCOE LSAW ethuthukisiwe kanye nemishini yokuhlola, egxile ekukhiqizweni kwepayipi lensimbi le-LSAW elinodonga olujiyile, elinobubanzi obukhulu ne-DSAW (ukushisela i-arc engaphansi kwamanzi okunezinhlangothi ezimbili).
Imininingwane yomkhiqizo yile:
Ububanzi Bangaphandle: DN 350 – 1500;
Ubukhulu Bodonga: 8 – 80 mm;
Izinqwaba zamapayipi kufanele zibe yisiphetho esilula.
Iziphetho kufanele zisikwe ngomlilo noma zisikwe ngomshini bese zisuswa ekushiseni.
Uma kwenzeka kubaiziphetho ezigobile, i-engeli yesiphetho esigobekile kufanele ibe30 - 35°.
Insimbi yeBotopinikeza ububanzi obukhulu bamapayipi ensimbi e-ASTM A52 asezingeni eliphezulu. Sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukuxhumana nathi ukuze uthole izidingo zakho.
Insimbi kumele yenziwe ngenye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zinqubo ezilandelayo: isitofu esivulekile, umoya-mpilo oyisisekelo, noma isithando sikagesi.
I-A252 kufanele yenziwe yi-ngaphandle komthungo, ukumelana kagesi okuhlanganisiwe, okuphothiwe nge-flashnomaokuhlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiweinqubo.
Imithungo yezinqwaba zamapayipi ahlanganisiwe kufanele ibeubude, isinqe esijiyilenomai-helical-lap.
Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi, kubalulekile ukukhetha inqubo yokukhiqiza efanele.
Inqubo ye-LSAW (SAWL) ilungele ipayipi lensimbi elinobubanzi obukhulu, elinodonga olujiyile, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi okwakha kanye nengqalasizinda adinga amandla aphezulu okuthwala imithwalo kanye nokwakhiwa kwesisekelo esijulile. Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, amandla okuthwala imithwalo, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nokujula, iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-geological ngenkathi inikeza izinzuzo zokufakwa okusheshayo nokuqina kwesikhathi eside.
I-JCOEkuyinqubo evamile yokwakha ekukhiqizweni kwepayipi lensimbi le-LSAW, elinezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ikhwalithi ephezulu, amandla okukhiqiza anobubanzi obukhulu, ukunemba okulinganayo, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, kanye nokonga, okwenze kwaba inqubo yokwakha ipayipi ekhethwayo kumaphrojekthi amaningi obunjiniyela obukhulu.
Insimbi kufanele iqukathekungabi ngaphezu kuka-0.050% i-phosphorus.
Ukunciphisa okuqukethwe yi-phosphorus ensimbini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi inezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokwakha ezifana nokufaka inqwaba yezakhiwo.
Lo mkhawulo usiza ukuvimbela insimbi ukuthi ingabi buthakathaka kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwayo nokuthembeka kwayo ekusetshenzisweni.
Akukho zidingo kwezinye izinto eziqukethwe yilezi.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukugxila okuyinhloko kwamapayipi enqwaba yepayipi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amapayipi anamandla anele esakhiwo kanye nokuqina, okuyizinto ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa ezakhiweni ezisekelayo.
Kumapayipi enqwaba yeshubhu, kugxilwa kakhulu ezimpahleni zemishini zamapayipi, njengamandla okukhiqiza, amandla okudonsa, kanye nokuqina, njengoba lezi zakhiwo zihlobene ngqo nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo samapayipi eshubhu ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo.
AIthebula 2 linikeza amanani aphansi abaliwe:
Lapho ubukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe buphakathi kwalabo ababoniswe ngenhla, inani elincane lokwelulwa lizonqunywa kanje:
Ibanga lesi-3: E = 32t + 10.00 [E = 1.25t + 10.00]
E: ukunwebeka ngamasentimitha angu-2. [50.8 mm], %;
t: ubukhulu bodonga obuqokiwe, ngo. [mm].
Izinga le-ASTM A252 leBanga lesi-3 liqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwezinqwaba zamashubhu ezisetshenziswayo ngokubeka izidingo ezincane zalezi zakhiwo zemishini.
Ngobukhulu bepayipi obungafakwanga ohlwini lwamathebula esisindo sepayipi, isisindo ngobude beyunithi ngayinye singabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula.
w = C×(Dt)×t
w: isisindo ngobude beyunithi, Ilb/ft [kg/m];
D: ububanzi obungaphandle obucacisiwe, ngo. [mm];
t: ubukhulu bodonga obuqokiwe, ngo. [mm];
C: 0.0246615 yokubala kumayunithi e-SI kanye no-10.69 wokubala kumayunithi e-USC.
Izibalo ezingenhla zisekelwe ekucabangeni ukuthi ubukhulu bepayipi lensimbi bungu-7.85 kg/dm³.
I-ASTM A252 Grade 3 inamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi kanye nezidingo zokuthwala umthwalo. Leli payipi lensimbi livame ukusetshenziswa kulezi zinhlelo ezilandelayo:
1. Ukwakha izisekelo: Ipayipi lensimbi le-ASTM A252 lebanga lesi-3 lisetshenziswa njengezisekelo zezinqwaba emsebenzini wesisekelo sezakhiwo eziphakeme, amabhuloho, nezinye izakhiwo ezinkulu ukuze kunikezwe ukwesekwa nokuqina okudingekayo.
2. Amachweba namachweba: Lawa mapayipi ensimbi asetshenziselwa ukufaka inqwaba ekwakhiweni kwamachweba namachweba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isakhiwo siyakwazi ukumelana nomthelela wemikhumbi kanye nokuguguleka kwemvelo yasolwandle. Ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina nokumelana nokugqwala kwamapayipi ensimbi, kuvame ukufakwa izimbozo ukuze kunikezwe isivikelo esengeziwe.
3. Imisebenzi Yamanzi: Ipayipi lensimbi le-ASTM A252 lebanga lesi-3 lisetshenziselwa ukuqinisa amabhange emifula nokunikeza ukuvikelwa kwezikhukhula ekwakhiweni kwamadamu, izingidi, nezinye izikhungo zamanzi.
4. Amaphrojekthi wamandla: Kumandla omoya, imishini yokumba uwoyela, kanye neminye imisebenzi yengqalasizinda yamandla, la mapayipi ensimbi asetshenziswa njengezakhiwo zokusekela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini.
5. Izindawo zokuhamba: Ipayipi lensimbi le-ASTM A252 lebanga lesi-3 lisetshenziselwa ukufaka inqwaba ekwakhiweni kwezitimela, imigwaqo emikhulu, kanye nemigwaqo yezindiza ukuze linikeze amandla okuthwala umthwalo anele kanye nokuqina.
Selokhu yasungulwa ngo-2014,Insimbi yeBotopisibe ngumhlinzeki ohamba phambili wamapayipi ensimbi yekhabhoni eNyakatho yeShayina, eyaziwa ngenkonzo enhle kakhulu, imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nezixazululo eziphelele.
Insimbi yeBotopInikeza amapayipi ensimbi yekhabhoni ahlukahlukene kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nawo, kufaka phakathi ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo, i-ERW, i-LSAW, kanye ne-SSAW, kanye nohlu oluphelele lwezihlanganisi zamapayipi nama-flange. Imikhiqizo yayo ekhethekile ifaka phakathi ama-alloy ebanga eliphezulu kanye nezinsimbi ezingagqwali ze-austenitic, ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene amapayipi.
Ipayipi Lensimbi Engenamthungo ye-ASTM A252 GR.2 GR.3
Ipayipi Lensimbi Le-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW
Ipayipi Lensimbi Yamanzi le-AS 1579 SSAW kanye Nenqwaba Yensimbi
Inqwaba Yepayipi Lensimbi ye-EN10219 S355J0H LSAW(JCOE)
Ipayipi Lensimbi le-EN 10219 S275J0H/S275J2H ERW Lesakhiwo
Ipayipi Lensimbi Engenamthungo Yekhabhoni le-BS EN10210 S355J0H
Ipayipi Lensimbi Yesakhiwo Se-ERW S355J2H
Ipayipi Elihlanganisiwe Elihlanganisiwe Elingaphansi Kwe-Arc le-API 5L le-PSL1 ne-PSL2 GR.B
I-ASTM A501 Grade B LSAW Carbon Steel Structure Tubing
Ipayipi Lensimbi Yekhabhoni ye-ASTM A672 B60/B70/C60/C65/C70 LSAW LSAW
Ipayipi Lensimbi le-ASTM A671/A671M LSAW
Ishubhu Yesakhiwo Sensimbi Engenamthungo ye-ASTM A500 Grade C
