I-API 5L X70 (L485)uhlobo lwepayipi lensimbi elisetshenziswa embonini kawoyela negesi ezinhlelweni zokuthutha amapayipi, eliqanjwe ngegama lalo elincaneamandla okukhiqiza angu-70,300 psi (485 MPa), futhi iqukethe kokubili izinhlobo zamapayipi angenamthungo kanye nahlanganisiwe futhi ihlukaniswe amazinga amabili okucaciswa komkhiqizo, i-PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2. Ku-PSL1, i-X70 iyibanga eliphakeme kakhulu, kanti ku-PSL2 ingenye yezinga eliphezulu lamapayipi ensimbi.
Ipayipi lensimbi le-API 5L X70 lifaneleka kakhulu ezidingweni zokuhamba ibanga elide, ngomfutho ophezulu ngenxa yamandla alo aphezulu kanye nokumelana nomfutho. Ukuze likwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu, ipayipi lensimbi le-X70 livame ukuklanywa ngodonga olujiyile ukuqinisekisa amandla nokuqina okwanele.
Insimbi yeBotopungumkhiqizi ochwepheshe wepayipi lensimbi le-LSAW elingaphansi kodonga olukhulu olunobubanzi obuphindwe kabili eliseShayina.
Indawo: Idolobha laseCangzhou, eSifundazweni saseHebei, eShayina;
Isamba Sokutshalwa Kwezimali: Izigidi ezingama-500 zamaRandi;
Indawo yefektri: amamitha-skwele angu-60,000;
Umthamo wokukhiqiza waminyaka yonke: amathani angu-200,000 amapayipi ensimbi e-JCOE LSAW;
Imishini: Imishini yokukhiqiza nokuhlola ethuthukisiwe;
Okukhethekile: Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi e-LSAW;
Isitifiketi: Isitifiketi se-API 5L.
Izimo Zokulethwa
Isimo sokulethwa yisimo sokuphathwa ngokushisa noma ukucutshungulwa kwepayipi lensimbi lapho selilungele ukulethwa kumakhasimende ngemuva kokukhiqizwa. Isimo sokulethwa sibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ipayipi linezakhiwo ezidingekayo zemishini kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo.
Kuye ngezinga le-PSL kanye nesimo sokulethwa, i-X70 ingahlukaniswa kanje:
I-PSL1: X70 (L485);
I-PSL2: X70Q (L485Q) kanye ne-X70M (L485M);
Izinhlamvu zesijobelelo ze-PSL2 u-Q no-M zimelela ngokulandelana:
Q: Kucinyiwe futhi kuthambile ；
M: Okwenziwe nge-thermomechanical rolled noma thermomechanical;
Inqubo Eyamukelekayo Yokukhiqiza ye-API 5L X70
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-X70 ihlanganisa kokubiliingenamthungo futhi ihlanganisiweamafomu, angahlukaniswa kanje:
Kulezi,I-SAWL(LSAW) inqubo evame kakhulu esetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezinqubo ezihlanganisiwe ze-X70 futhi inenzuzo ekukhiqizweni kwepayipi lensimbi elinobubanzi obukhulu, elinodonga olujiyile.
Nakuba amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo esabhekwa njengokukhetha okuthandwayo ngenxa yezici zawo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ezimbi kakhulu, ububanzi obukhulu bamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo akhiqizwayo ngokuvamile bukhawulelwe ku-660 mm. Lokhu kulinganiselwa kosayizi kungaba yinkinga uma ubhekene namaphrojekthi amakhulu amapayipi okuthutha amabanga amade.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, inqubo ye-LSAW iyakwazi ukukhiqiza amashubhu anobubanzi obufika ku-1,500 mm kanye nobukhulu bodonga obufika ku-80 mm. Futhi intengo ingaba ngcono kakhulu kunensimbi engenamthungo.
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali kwe-API 5L X70
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali Kwepayipi Le-PSL 1 elino-t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali Kwepayipi Le-PSL 2 elino-t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Kwemikhiqizo yepayipi lensimbi ye-PSL2 ehlaziywe ngeokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungu-≤0.12%, i-CE elingana nekhabhonii-pcmingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula elandelayo:
CEi-pcm= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Kwemikhiqizo yepayipi lensimbi ye-PSL2 ehlaziywe ngeokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni > 0.12%, i-CE elingana nekhabhonillwingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula engezansi:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali okune-t ＞ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Kuzonqunywa ngokuxoxisana futhi kuguqulwe kube ukwakheka okufanele ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ezingenhla.
Izakhiwo Zemishini ze-API 5L X70
Izakhiwo Zokunamathela
Izakhiwo Zokunamathela ze-PSL1 X70
Izakhiwo Zokunamathela ze-PSL2 X70
Inothi: Izidingo zichazwe kabanzi ku-I-API 5L X52, okungabukwa uma kudingeka.
Ezinye Izivivinyo Zemishini
Uhlelo olulandelayo lokuhlolakusebenza ezinhlotsheni zamapayipi ensimbi e-SAW kuphela.
Ukuhlolwa kokugoba komhlahlandlela wokushisela;
Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bepayipi elihlanganisiwe elenziwe ngobandayo;
Ukuhlolwa okukhulu komthungo ohlanganisiwe;
futhi kuphela ngepayipi lensimbi le-PSL2: ukuhlolwa komthelela we-CVN kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-DWT.
Izinto zokuhlola kanye nemvamisa yokuhlola yezinye izinhlobo zamapayipi ingatholakala kuThebula 17 no-18 le-API 5L standard.
Ukuhlolwa Kwamanzi
Isikhathi Sokuhlolwa
Bonke osayizi bamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo nashibiliwe ano-D ≤ 457 mm (18 in.):isikhathi sokuhlola ≥ 5s;
Ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe D > 457 mm (18 in.):isikhathi sokuhlola ≥ 10s.
Imvamisa Yokuhlola
Ipayipi ngalinye lensimbifuthi akufanele kube khona ukuvuza okuvela emzimbeni wokushisela noma wepayipi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Izingcindezi zokuhlola
Ingcindezi yokuhlola ye-hydrostatic P ye-aipayipi lensimbi elingenasicikungabalwa ngokusebenzisa ifomula.
P = 2St/D
Sukucindezeleka kwe-hoop. inani lilingana namandla amancane okukhiqiza acacisiwe ephesenti le-xa lepayipi lensimbi, ku-MPa (psi);
tukujiya kodonga okucacisiwe, okuvezwa ngamamilimitha (amasentimitha);
Dububanzi obungaphandle obucacisiwe, obuvezwa ngamamilimitha (amasentimitha).
Ukuhlolwa Okungonakalisi
Kwamashubhu e-SAW, izindlela ezimbili,UT(ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic) nomaRT(ukuhlolwa kwe-radiography), kuvame ukusetshenziswa.
ET(ukuhlolwa kwe-electromagnetic) akusebenzi kumashubhu e-SAW.
Izithungo ezihlanganisiwe kumapayipi ahlanganisiwe asezingeni ≥ L210/A kanye nobubanzi ≥ 60.3 mm (2.375 in) kufanele zihlolwe ngaphandle kokubhujiswa ukuze zibone ukujiya nobude obugcwele (100%) njengoba kuchaziwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT okungonakalisi
Ukuhlolwa kwe-RT okungonakalisi
Kumapayipi e-SAW kanye ne-COW, ama-welds kufanele ahlolwe ngezindlela zokuhlola nge-radiography ngaphakathi okungenani kwama-200 mm (8.0 in) wepayipi ngalinye lesiphelo sepayipi ngalinye kufanele ahlolwe ngokuhlolwa nge-radiography.
Ishadi Leshejuli Yamapayipi e-API 5L
Ukuze kube lula ukuwabuka nokusebenzisa, sihlele amafayela e-PDF eshejuli afanele. Ungalanda futhi ubuke la madokhumenti uma kudingeka.
Cacisa Ububanzi Bangaphandle Nobukhulu Bodonga
Amanani ajwayelekile obubanzi obucacisiwe bangaphandle kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi lensimbi anikezwe kuI-ISO 4200futhiI-ASME B36.10M.
Ukubekezelelana Okulinganayo
Izidingo ze-API 5L zokubekezelelana okunezilinganiso zichazwe kabanzi kuI-API 5L Ibanga BUkuze ugweme ukuphindaphinda, ungachofoza ifonti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze ubuke imininingwane efanele.
Amaphutha Nokulungiswa Okuvamile
Kumashubhu e-SAW, amaphutha alandelayo avame ukutholakala: imiphetho egobile, ukusha kwe-arc, ukuhlukanisa, ukuphambuka kwejometri, izigaxa eziqinile, njll.
Ukuntuleka okutholakale ngokuhlolwa ngamehlo kufanele kuqinisekiswe, kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba, futhi kuqedwe ngale ndlela elandelayo.
a) Ukujula okungu-≤ 0.125t, futhi akuthinti ubukhulu bodonga obuvunyelwe obuncane besici kuzonqunywa njengeziphambeko ezamukelekayo futhi kuzolahlwa ngokuhambisana nezinhlinzeko ze-C.1.
b) Amaphutha >0.125t ngokujula angathinti ubukhulu bodonga obuvunyelwe okungenani azobhekwa njengamaphutha futhi azosuswa ngokulola kabusha ngokuhambisana ne-C.2 noma alahlwe ngokuhambisana ne-C.3.
c) Isici esithinta ubukhulu bodonga obuvunyelwe okungenani kufanele sibhekwe njengesici futhi kufanele silahlwe ngokuhambisana ne-C.3.
Ukuhlonza Umbala
Uma kuceliwe, uphawu lombala olucishe lube ngu-50 mm (2 in.) ububanzi lungapendwa ebusweni bangaphakathi bepayipi ngalinye lensimbi ukuze kube lula ukuhlukanisa izinto ezahlukene.
| Ibanga Lepayipi | Umbala Wopende |
| I-L320 noma i-X46 | Okumnyama |
| I-L360 noma i-X52 | Okuluhlaza okotshani |
| I-L390 noma i-X56 | Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| L415 noma X60 | Okubomvu |
| L450 noma X65 | Okumhlophe |
| I-L485 noma i-X70 | Purple-violet |
| I-L555 noma i-X80 | Ophuzi |
Iyini i-X70 Steel Equivalent?
I-ISO 3183 - L485: Lena yinsimbi yepayipi ngaphansi kwezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke futhi ifana ngezakhiwo ne-API 5L X70.
I-CSA Z245.1 - GR 485: Leli izinga lensimbi le-Canadian Standards Association lamapayipi kawoyela negesi.
I-EN 10208-2 - L485MB: Lena yinsimbi yepayipi ngaphansi kwe-European Standard yokukhiqiza amapayipi okuthutha uwoyela negesi.
Ukugqoka
Asigcini nje ngokuhlinzeka amakhasimende ethu ngamapayipi ensimbi e-X70 asezingeni eliphezulu kodwa futhi sinikeza nezinhlobo eziningi zezinsizakalo zokumboza ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zamaphrojekthi ahlukene.
Upende wokumboza: Izembozo zopende zendabuko zinikeza isivikelo esiyisisekelo ekugqwaleni futhi zifanelekela izindawo ezingezona ezeqile noma isivikelo sesikhashana.
Ukugqoka kwe-FBE: Kufakwa ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi ngenqubo yokufafaza ngogesi bese kupholiswa ukushisa. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kunokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali nokuguguleka futhi kufanelekile kumapayipi angaphansi komhlaba noma angaphansi kwamanzi.
Ukugqoka okungu-3LPE: Njengoba ine-epoxy coating, ungqimba olunamathelayo, kanye nongqimba lwe-polyethylene, inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala kanye nokuvikelwa kwemishini kwezinhlelo eziningi zokuthutha ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Ukugqoka okungu-3LPP: Njenge-3LPE, isembozo se-3LPP siqukethe izendlalelo ezintathu, kodwa sisebenzisa i-polypropylene njengesendlalelo sangaphandle. Lesi sembozo sinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu futhi sifanelekela ukubhoboza amapayipi ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu.
Izimbozo zingakhethwa ngokusekelwe endaweni ethile yokusetshenziswa kanye nezidingo zephayiphi ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha kwamaphayiphi e-API 5L X70 ngesikhathi sesevisi.
Izizathu Zokukhetha Thina Ipayipi Lensimbi le-X70
1. Izimboni eziqinisekisiwe ze-API 5L: Izimboni zethu zinesitifiketi se-API 5L, esiqinisekisa amazinga ekhwalithi ephezulu kusukela emthonjeni kuya emkhiqizweni oqediwe ngentengo ephansi.
2. Izinhlobo eziningi zamapayipi: Asigcini nje ngokuba ngabakhiqizi bamapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe kodwa futhi singabathengisi bamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo, futhi singanikeza izinhlobo eziningi zamapayipi ezingahlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zamaphrojekthi ahlukene.
3. Imishini yokusekela ephelele: Ngaphezu kwepayipi lensimbi, singaphinde sinikeze ama-flange, izindololwane, neminye imishini yokusekela, sinikeze izixazululo zokuthenga ezizosebenza kanye kuphela zephrojekthi yakho.
4. Insizakalo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso: Siyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokwezidingo ezithile zamakhasimende, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa nokucutshungulwa kwamapayipi ensimbi anezincazelo ezikhethekile.
5. Izinsizakalo ezikhethekile: Selokhu yasungulwa ngo-2014, inkampani ihlanganyele kumaphrojekthi amaningi obunjiniyela futhi yaqoqa ulwazi olucebile embonini, okwenza ikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezikhethekile kanye nokusekelwa.
6. Impendulo esheshayo kanye nokusekelwa: Ithimba lethu lenkonzo yamakhasimende linganikeza impendulo esheshayo kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe bochwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga nezidingo zakho zixazululwa ngesikhathi esifanele.
