II-API 5Lamashubhu amagama ajwayelekile asekelwe emandleni awo amancane okukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke,I-X52 (L360) inamandla amancane okukhiqiza angu-52,200 psi (360 MPa).
X52=L360, izindlela ezimbili zokuveza izinga elifanayo lepayipi ku-API 5L standard.
X52iyibanga eliphakathi ku-API 5L, ehlanganisa amandla aphezulu nokonga. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuthuthweni kukawoyela negesi, kumaphrojekthi okwakha, kumapayipi angaphansi komhlaba, njll.
Insimbi yeBotopungumkhiqizi ochwepheshe wepayipi lensimbi le-LSAW elingaphansi kodonga olukhulu olunobubanzi obuphindwe kabili eliseShayina.
1. Indawo: Idolobha laseCangzhou, eSifundazweni saseHebei, eShayina;
2. Isamba Sokutshalwa Kwezimali: Izigidi ezingama-500 zamaRandi;
3. Indawo yefektri: amamitha-skwele angu-60,000;
4. Umthamo wokukhiqiza wonyaka: amathani angu-200,000 amapayipi ensimbi e-JCOE LSAW;
5. Imishini: Imishini yokukhiqiza nokuhlola ethuthukisiwe;
6. Okukhethekile: Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi e-LSAW;
7. Isitifiketi: Isitifiketi se-API 5L.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-API 5L X52
Kuye ngezinga le-PSL kanye nesimo sokulethwa, i-X52 ingahlukaniswa kanje:
I-PSL1: X52;
I-PSL2:I-X52N noma i-L360N;I-X52Q noma i-L360Q;I-X52M noma i-L360M.
Ku-PSL2, uhlamvu lwesijobelelo lubhekisela ohlotsheni lokwelashwa kokushisa okufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokulethwa kokugcina. Ungabonaizimo zokulethwangezansi ukuthola imininingwane eyengeziwe.
Izimo Zokulethwa
Izinto Zokuqala
Ama-ingot, izimbali, ama-billet, ama-coil, noma amapuleti.
Kwipayipi le-PSL 2, insimbi kufanele ibulawe futhi yenziwe ngokwenqubo yokusanhlamvu okuhle.
Ikhoyili noma ipuleti elisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwepayipi le-PSL 2 akumele liqukathe noma yiziphi izindwangu zokulungisa.
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza ye-API 5L X52
Amashubhu e-X52 angakhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza amashubhu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene zobunjiniyela.
Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngencazelo yesifinyezo senqubo yokukhiqiza,Chofoza lapha.
I-SAWLikhambi elihle kakhuluububanzi obukhulu, udonga olujiyileamapayipi ensimbi.
Imigomo "I-SAWL"futhi"I-LSAW"zombili zibhekisela ku-Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded, kodwa zibhekiselwa kuzo ngezindlela ezahlukene ezifundeni ezahlukene. Ngokuphambene nalokho, igama elithi "LSAW" lisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini.
Ipayipi le-LSAW lingase lifakwe izintambo ezimbili ngenxa yemikhawulo yemishini ekukhiqizweni kwepayipi elikhulu, futhi izintambo kufanele ziqhelelane cishe ngama-180°.
Izinhlobo Zokuphela Kwepayipi ze-API 5L X52
Isiphelo Sepayipi Lensimbi le-PSL1: Isiphelo esine-bell noma isiphelo esingenalutho;
Isiphelo Sepayipi Lensimbi le-PSL2: Isiphetho esilula;
Ngeziphetho zamapayipi alulalezi zidingo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:
Ubuso bokugcina bepayipi elingenalutho elingu-t ≤ 3.2 mm (0.125 in) kufanele bube yisikwele.
Amashubhu angenalutho ano-t > 3.2 mm (0.125 in) kufanele abekwe eceleni ukuze kushiselwe. I-engeli ye-bevel kufanele ibe ngu-30-35° kanti ububanzi bobuso bempande ye-bevel kufanele bube ngu-0.8 - 2.4 mm (0.031 - 0.093 in).
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali kwe-API 5L X52
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwepayipi lensimbi le-PSL1 ne-PSL2 elingu-t > 25.0 mm (0.984 in) kufanele kunqunywe ngesivumelwano.
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali Kwepayipi Le-PSL 1 elino-t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali Kwepayipi Le-PSL 2 elino-t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Kwemikhiqizo yepayipi lensimbi ye-PSL2 ehlaziywe ngeokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungu-≤0.12%, i-CE elingana nekhabhonii-pcmingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula elandelayo:
CEi-pcm= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Kwemikhiqizo yepayipi lensimbi ye-PSL2 ehlaziywe ngeokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni > 0.12%, i-CE elingana nekhabhonillwingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula engezansi:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Izakhiwo Zemishini ze-API 5L X52
Izakhiwo Zokunamathela
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kulinganisa amapharamitha amathathu abalulekile:amandla okukhiqiza, amandla okudonsa, futhiukunwebeka.
Izakhiwo Zokunamathela ze-PSL1 X52
Izakhiwo Zokunamathela ze-PSL2 X52
Inothi: Ukwandiswa okuncane okucacisiwe, Afkuzonqunywa njengoba kunqunywe kusetshenziswa i-equation elandelayo:
Af= C × (Axc)0.2/U0.9)
Cingu-1940 yokubala kusetshenziswa amayunithi e-SI kanye no-625,000 wokubala kusetshenziswa amayunithi e-USC;
Axc yindawo eqondile yokuhlolwa kwengxenye yokulinganisa, evezwe ngamamilimitha ayizikwele (amasentimitha ayizikwele), kanje:
1) ngezingcezu zokuhlola eziyindilinga ezinqamula ingxenye, 130 mm2(0.20 in.2) ngezingcezu zokuhlola ezinobubanzi obungu-12.7 mm (0.500 in.) kanye no-8.9 mm (0.350 in.); 65 mm2(0.10 in.2) ngezingcezu zokuhlola ezinobubanzi obungu-6.4 mm (0.250 in.);
2) ngezingcezu zokuhlola zesigaba esigcwele, okungenani u-a) 485 mm2(0.75 in.2) kanye ne-b) indawo enqamula ingxenye yokuhlolwa, u-T othathwe kusetshenziswa ububanzi obucacisiwe bangaphandle kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi, obuzungezwe ku-10 mm oseduze2(0.01 in.2);
3) ngezingcezu zokuhlola zemicu, okungaphansi kuka-a) 485 mm2(0.75 in.2) kanye ne-b) indawo enqamula ingxenye yengxenye yokuhlola, ethathwe kusetshenziswa ububanzi obucacisiwe bengxenye yokuhlola kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi, ezungezwe yaya ku-10 mm eseduze2(0.01 in.2);
Uamandla okudonsa amancane acacisiwe, abonakaliswa ngama-megapascal (amakhilogremu nge-intshi yesikwele).
Ezinye Izivivinyo Zemishini
Uhlelo lokuhlola olulandelayo lusebenza kuIzinhlobo zamapayipi e-SAWUkuze uthole ezinye izinhlobo zamapayipi, bheka Amathebula 17 no-18 e-API 5L.
Ukuhlolwa kokugoba komhlahlandlela wokushisela;
Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bepayipi elihlanganisiwe elenziwe ngobandayo;
Ukuhlolwa okukhulu komthungo ohlanganisiwe;
futhi kuphela ngepayipi lensimbi le-PSL2: ukuhlolwa komthelela we-CVN kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-DWT.
Ukuhlolwa Kwamanzi
Isikhathi Sokuhlolwa
Bonke osayizi bamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo nashibiliwe ano-D ≤ 457 mm (18 in.):isikhathi sokuhlola ≥ 5s;
Ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe D > 457 mm (18 in.):isikhathi sokuhlola ≥ 10s.
Imvamisa Yokuhlola
Ipayipi ngalinye lensimbi.
Izingcindezi zokuhlola
Ingcindezi yokuhlola ye-hydrostatic P ye-aipayipi lensimbi elingenasicikungabalwa ngokusebenzisa ifomula.
P = 2St/D
Sukucindezeleka kwe-hoop. inani lilingana namandla amancane okukhiqiza acacisiwe ephesenti le-xa lepayipi lensimbi, ku-MPa (psi);
tukujiya kodonga okucacisiwe, okuvezwa ngamamilimitha (amasentimitha);
Dububanzi obungaphandle obucacisiwe, obuvezwa ngamamilimitha (amasentimitha).
Ukuhlolwa Okungonakalisi
Kwamashubhu e-SAW, izindlela ezimbili,UT(ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic) nomaRT(ukuhlolwa kwe-radiography), kuvame ukusetshenziswa.
ET(ukuhlolwa kwe-electromagnetic) akusebenzi kumashubhu e-SAW.
Izithungo ezihlanganisiwe kumapayipi ahlanganisiwe asezingeni ≥ L210/A kanye nobubanzi ≥ 60.3 mm (2.375 in) kufanele zihlolwe ngaphandle kokubhujiswa ukuze zibone ukujiya nobude obugcwele (100%) njengoba kuchaziwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT okungonakalisi
Ukuhlolwa kwe-RT okungonakalisi
Usayizi Obandayo Nokwanda Okubandayo
Usayizi obandayo kanye nokwandiswa okubandayo kuyizindlela ezimbili ezivamile zokucubungula ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwamashubhu e-LSAW ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amashubhu afinyelela ubukhulu obuqondile kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Zombili izinqubo ziyizinqubo zokusebenza ezibandayo, lapho ukuma nosayizi weshubhu kulungiswa khona ekushiseni kwegumbi.
Isilinganiso sosayizi seukwanda okubandayoamashubhu akufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-0.003 futhi akufanele abe ngaphezu kuka-0.015.
Izinga lokulinganisangobukhulu obubandayoipayipi lensimbi akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-0.015, ngaphandle kwalezi zimo ezilandelayo:
a) Ipayipi liyavalwa noma licinywe bese liqiniswa;
b) Lonke ishubhu lensimbi elingabanda liyancishiswa ukucindezeleka.
Cacisa Ububanzi Bangaphandle Nobukhulu Bodonga
Amanani ajwayelekile obubanzi obucacisiwe bangaphandle kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi lensimbi anikezwe kuI-ISO 4200futhiI-ASME B36.10M.
Ukubekezelelana Okulinganayo
Sicela uchofoze ifonti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngakwesokudla ukuze ubuke ukubekezelelana okulinganayo, izidingo zibhalwe kuI-API 5L Ibanga Bukuthola imininingwane.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-API 5L X52
Ipayipi lensimbi le-API 5L X52 lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlotsheni eziningana ezibalulekile ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuthuthwa kukawoyela negesi: Lolu olunye lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu ze-API 5L X52. Isetshenziswa kakhulu kumapayipi okuthuthwa kukawoyela negesi amabanga amade, ikakhulukazi uma kunomfutho ophezulu wangaphakathi.
Ukwakhiwa kanye nengqalasizinda: Ingasetshenziswa ukwakha izakhiwo zokusekela amabhuloho nezakhiwo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ekwakhiweni kwezibambo noma ezinye izakhiwo ezithwala imithwalo, ikakhulukazi lapho kudingeka khona ubude obude noma amandla aphezulu okuthwala imithwalo.
Amapayipi angaphansi kolwandle: Amaphrojekthi epayipi langaphansi kolwandle anesidingo esikhethekile samapayipi angagqwali futhi anamandla aphezulu, kanti i-API 5L X52 iyazigqaja kulokhu. Imelana namanzi olwandle futhi igcina ubuqotho nokusebenza kwepayipi, okwenza libe yindawo ekahle yokuxhumanisa nemithombo kawoyela negesi yasogwini.
Uhla Lwethu Lokunikezwa
Okujwayelekile: I-API 5L;
I-PSL1: X52 noma i-L360;
I-PSL2: X52N, X52Q, X52M noma i-L360N, L360Q, L360M;
Uhlobo Lwepayipi: Ipayipi Lensimbi Yekhabhoni Ehlanganisiwe;
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza: I-LSAW, i-SAWL noma i-DSAW;
Ububanzi Bangaphandle: 350 - 1500;
Ubukhulu Bodonga: 8 - 80mm;
Ubude: Ubude obulinganiselwe noma ubude obungahleliwe;
Amashejuli epayipi: SCH10, SCH20, SCH30, SCH40, SCH60, SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 kanye ne-SCH160.
Ukuhlonza: I-STD, i-XS, i-XXS;
Ukugqoka: Upende, i-varnish, i-3LPE, i-FBE, i-3LPP, i-HDPE, i-galvanized, i-epoxy zinc ecebile, inesisindo se-samente, njll.
Ukupakisha: Indwangu engangenwa manzi, ikesi lokhuni, ibhande lensimbi noma intambo yensimbi, isivikelo sokuphela kwepayipi lepulasitiki noma lensimbi, njll. Kwenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Imikhiqizo Ehambisanayo: Kutholakala ama-gond, ama-flange, ama-fitting amapayipi, neminye imikhiqizo ehambisanayo.
