I-Q345 yinto yentsimbi. Yintsimbi ethambileyo (C<0.2%), esetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, kwiibhulorho, kwizithuthi, kwiinqanawa, kwiinqanawa zoxinzelelo, njl. I-Q imele amandla okukhupha kwesi sixhobo, kwaye i-345 elandelayo ibhekisa kwixabiso lokukhupha kwesi sixhobo, elimalunga ne-345 MPa. Kwaye ixabiso lokukhupha liya kuncipha ngokonyuka kobukhulu besixhobo.
I-Q345 ineempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini, ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obuphantsi, iplastiki elungileyo kunye nokudityaniswa, kwaye isetyenziswa njengezakhiwo, iindawo zoomatshini, izakhiwo zesakhiwo, iindawo zesakhiwo sesinyithi ngokubanzi, eziqengqelekayo okanye ezilungelelanisiweyo, zingasetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezibandayo ezingaphantsi kwe-40°C.
Ulwahlulo
I-Q345 inokwahlulwa ibe yi-Q345A,Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E ngokwebakala. Oko bakumeleyo ikakhulu bubushushu bomothuko.
Inqanaba le-Q345A, akukho mpembelelo;
Inqanaba le-Q345B, impembelelo yobushushu obuqhelekileyo kuma-degrees angama-20;
Inqanaba le-Q345C, liyimpembelelo ye-0 degree;
Inqanaba le-Q345D, liyimpembelelo ye-degrees ezingama-20;
Inqanaba le-Q345E, liyimpembelelo ye--40 degrees.
Kwiimeko zobushushu ezahlukeneyo zomothuko, amaxabiso omothuko nawo ahlukile.
ukwakheka kweekhemikhali
Q345A：C≤0.20,Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.045，S≤0.045，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345B：C≤0.20， Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.040，S≤0.040，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345C：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.035，S≤0.035，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345D：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.030，S≤0.030，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345E：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.025，S≤0.025，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
vs. 16Mn
Intsimbi ye-Q345 ithatha indawo yeempawu ezindala ze-12MnV, 14MnNb, 18Nb, 16MnRE, 16Mn kunye nezinye iintlobo zentsimbi, ayithathi indawo yentsimbi ye-16Mn kuphela. Ngokuphathelele ukwakheka kweekhemikhali, i-16Mn kunye ne-Q345 nazo zahlukile. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, kukho umahluko omkhulu kubungakanani beqela lobukhulu beentsimbi ezimbini ngokwemahluko kumandla okuvelisa, kwaye oku kuya kubangela utshintsho kuxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lwezinto ezinobukhulu obuthile. Ke ngoko, akufanelekanga ukusebenzisa nje uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lwentsimbi ye-16Mn kwintsimbi ye-Q345, kodwa uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo kufuneka lumiselwe kwakhona ngokwesayizi yeqela elitsha lobukhulu bentsimbi.
Umlinganiselo wezinto eziphambili zentsimbi ye-Q345 ngokusisiseko ufana nowentsimbi ye-16Mn, umahluko kukuba izinto ze-trace alloy ze-V, Ti kunye ne-Nb zongezwa. Inani elincinci lezinto ze-V, Ti, kunye ne-Nb alloying zinokucoca iinkozo, ziphucule kakhulu ukuqina kwentsimbi, kwaye ziphucule kakhulu iimpawu zoomatshini ezipheleleyo zentsimbi. Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba ubukhulu bepleyiti yentsimbi bunokwenziwa bube bukhulu. Ke ngoko, iimpawu zoomatshini ezipheleleyo zentsimbi ye-Q345 kufuneka zibe ngcono kunentsimbi ye-16Mn, ingakumbi ukusebenza kwayo okuphantsi kobushushu akufumaneki kwintsimbi ye-16Mn. Uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lwentsimbi ye-Q345 luphezulu kancinci kunolwentsimbi ye-16Mn.
uthelekiso lokusebenza
Q345Dumbhobho ongenamthungoiipropati zoomatshini:
Amandla okutsalwa: 490-675 Amandla okuvelisa: ≥345 Ukwandiswa: ≥22
Q345Bumbhobho ongenamthungoiipropati zoomatshini:
Amandla okutsalwa: 490-675 Amandla okuvelisa: ≥345 Ukwandiswa: ≥21
Iipropati zoomatshini zombhobho ongenamthungo ze-Q345A:
Amandla okutsalwa: 490-675 Amandla okuvelisa: ≥345 Ukwandiswa: ≥21
Iipropati zoomatshini zepayipi engenamthungo ze-Q345C:
Amandla okutsalwa: 490-675 Amandla okuvelisa: ≥345 Ukwandiswa: ≥22
Iipropati zoomatshini zepayipi engenamthungo ze-Q345E:
Amandla okutsalwa: 490-675 Amandla okuvelisa: ≥345 Ukwandiswa: ≥22
Uthotho lweeMveliso
Intsimbi ye-Q345D xa ithelekiswa nentsimbi ye-Q345A, B, C. Ubushushu bovavanyo lwamandla aphantsi obushushu buphantsi. Ukusebenza kakuhle. Ubungakanani bezinto eziyingozi i-P kunye ne-S buphantsi kune-Q345A, B kunye ne-C. Ixabiso lemarike liphezulu kune-Q345A, B, C.
Inkcazo ye-Q345D:
① Yenziwe ngophawu lwe-Q + inombolo + uphawu lomgangatho + uphawu lwendlela yokukhupha i-oxidation. Inombolo yayo yentsimbi ilandelwa ngu-"Q", omele inqaku le-yield yentsimbi, kwaye inani elingasemva kwayo limele ixabiso lenqaku le-yield kwi-MPa. Umzekelo, i-Q235 imele intsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni enenqaku le-yield (σs) le-235 MPa.
②Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uphawu olubonisa umgangatho womgangatho kunye nendlela yokukhupha i-oxidation lunokubonakaliswa emva kwenombolo yentsimbi. Iimpawu zomgangatho womgangatho ngu-A, B, C, D ngokwahlukeneyo. Uphawu lwendlela yokukhupha i-oxidation: F uthetha intsimbi ebilayo; b uthetha intsimbi ebuleweyo kancinci; Z uthetha intsimbi ebuleweyo; TZ uthetha intsimbi ekhethekileyo ebuleweyo, kwaye intsimbi ebuleweyo ayinakubonakaliswa ngeempawu, oko kukuthi, zombini i-Z kunye ne-TZ zinokushiywa. Umzekelo, i-Q235-AF ithetha intsimbi ebilayo yeBakala A.
③ Intsimbi yekhabhoni ngeenjongo ezikhethekileyo, njengentsimbi yebhulorho, intsimbi yolwandle, njl.njl., ngokusisiseko isebenzisa indlela yokubonakalisa intsimbi yesakhiwo yekhabhoni, kodwa unobumba obonisa injongo wongezwa ekupheleni kwenombolo yentsimbi.
Intshayelelo yezinto eziphathekayo
| into | C≤ | Mn | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ | Al≥ | V | Nb | Ti |
| umxholo | 0.2 | 1.0-1.6 | 0.55 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 0.02-0.15 | 0.015-0.06 | 0.02-0.2 |
Iimpawu zoomatshini ze-Q345C zezi zilandelayo (%):
| Isalathisi seempawu zoomatshini | Ukwandiswa(%) | Ubushushu bovavanyo yi-0℃ | Amandla okutsalwa kwe-MPa | Inqanaba lokuphuma kwe-MPa≥ |
| ixabiso | δ5≥22 | J≥34 | σb(470-650) | σ (324-259) |
Xa ubukhulu bodonga buphakathi kwe-16-35mm, σs≥325Mpa; xa ubukhulu bodonga buphakathi kwe-35-50mm, σs≥295Mpa
2. Iimpawu zokuwelda zentsimbi ye-Q345
2.1 Ukubalwa kwexabiso lekhabhoni elilinganayo (iCeq)
Ceq=C+Mn/6+Ni/15+Cu/15+Cr/5+Mo/5+V/5
Bala iCeq=0.49%, engaphezulu kwe-0.45%, kunokubonwa ukuba ukusebenza kwentsimbi ye-Q345 akukuhle kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe amanyathelo angqongqo obuchwephesha ngexesha lokudityaniswa.
2.2 Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kwintsimbi ye-Q345 ngexesha lokuwelda
2.2.1 Ukuthambekela kokuqina kwindawo echaphazelekileyo bubushushu
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokudibanisa nokupholisa intsimbi ye-Q345, isakhiwo esicinyiweyo-martensite senziwa lula kwindawo echaphazeleka bubushushu, nto leyo eyandisa ubulukhuni kwaye inciphise ubulukhuni bendawo ekufutshane nomthungo. Isiphumo siba yimingxunya emva kokudibanisa.
2.2.2 Uvakalelo lokuqhekeka komkhuhlane
Iimfantu zokuwelda zentsimbi ye-Q345 ikakhulu ziimfantu ezibandayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-20-2023