Ngenxa yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo unokwahlulwa ube ziintlobo ezimbini:umbhobho wesinyithi ongenamthungo oqengqelekayo oshushu (ophumayo)kunye nombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo otsalwa ngokubandayo (oqengqiweyo).Iityhubhu ezitsalwe ngokubandayo (eziqengqelekayo)zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini: iityhubhu ezingqukuva kunye neetyhubhu ezimile okweemilo.
Isishwankathelo seNkqubo
Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo oshushu ojikelezileyo (ophumayo): ityhubhu engqukuva engenanto yokugquma ukugquma okuqengqelekayo okuqengqelekayo okuqengqelekayo okuqengqelekayo okuqengqelekayo okuqhubekekayo okanye okugqithisileyo okukhutshiweyo kobukhulu bombhobho (okanye ukunciphisa ububanzi) ukupholisa uphawu lokulungisa uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic (okanye ukufunyanwa kweziphene) kwindawo yokugcina impahla.
Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo otsalwe ngokubandayo (oqengqiweyo): ityhubhu ejikelezileyo yokufudumeza engenanto intloko eneembobo i-annealing acid pickling oil (i-copper plating) umzobo obandayo odlula ngeendlela ezininzi (ukuqengqeleka okubandayo) unyango lobushushu lwetyhubhu engenanto ukuqondisa uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic (ukuhlolwa) indawo yokugcina uphawu.
Iipayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zahlulwe ngokweentlobo ezilandelayo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwazo okwahlukeneyo:
GB/T8162-2008 (umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo wesakhiwo). Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo zesakhiwo kunye nezoomatshini ngokubanzi. Izinto ezimele yona (uphawu): intsimbi yekhabhoni 20, intsimbi engama-45; intsimbi ye-alloy Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo njalo njalo.
GB/T8163-2008 (umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo wokuhambisa ulwelo). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuhambiseni imibhobho yolwelo kubunjineli nakwizixhobo ezinkulu. Izinto ezimeleyo (uphawu) yi-20, Q345, njl.
I-GB3087-2008 (umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo weebhoyila ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi noluphakathi). Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhoyila zokuhambisa ulwelo oluphantsi noluphakathi kwiibhoyila zoshishino kunye neebhoyila zasekhaya. Izinto ezimeleyo yintsimbi No. 10 kunye No. 20.
I-GB5310-2008 (iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zeebhoyila ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu). Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhokisi zokuqokelela ulwelo ezithwala ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nemibhobho kwizikhululo zamandla kunye neebhoyila zezityalo zamandla enyukliya. Izixhobo ezimeleyo yi-20G, 12Cr1MoVG, 15CrMoG, njl.njl.
I-GB5312-1999 (intsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nombhobho wentsimbi yekhabhoni-manganese yeenqanawa). Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiipayipi zoxinzelelo lwe-I kunye ne-II kwiibhoyila zeenqanawa kunye nee-superheaters. Izixhobo ezimeleyo zii-360, 410, 460 zentsimbi, njl.njl.
GB6479-2000 (umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo wezixhobo zesichumisi esinoxinzelelo oluphezulu). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha imibhobho yobushushu obuphezulu kunye nolwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwizixhobo zesichumisi. Izixhobo ezimeleyo yi-20, 16Mn, 12CrMo, 12Cr2Mo nezinye izinto ezifana nezo.
GB9948-2006 (umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo wokuqhekeka kwepetroleum). Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhoyila, kwii-heat exchangers nakwiipayipi zokuthutha ulwelo kwii-petroleum smelters. Izixhobo ezimeleyo yi-20, 12CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, 1Cr19Ni11Nb nezinye ezifana nazo.
GB18248-2000 (umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo weesilinda zegesi). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni iisilinda ezahlukeneyo zegesi kunye ne-hydraulic. Izixhobo ezimeleyo yi-37Mn, 34Mn2V, 35CrMo, nezinye ezifana nazo.
GB/T17396-1998 (umbhobho wentsimbi ogoqwe ngomthungo oshushu wezixhobo ze-hydraulic). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izixhaso ze-hydraulic mine zamalahle kunye neesilinda, iikholamu, kunye nezinye iisilinda ze-hydraulic kunye neekholamu. Izinto ezimeleyo yi-20, 45, 27SiMn kunye nezinye ezifana nazo.
I-GB3093-1986 (umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo oxinzelelweyo ophezulu weenjini zedizili). Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumbhobho wepetroli oxinzelelweyo ophezulu wenkqubo yokufaka injini yedizili. Umbhobho wentsimbi ngokubanzi ngumbhobho otsalwa ngokubandayo, kwaye izinto ezimele wona yi-20A.
I-GB/T3639-1983 (umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo otsalwa ngokubandayo okanye oqengqelekayo ngokucokisekileyo). Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizakhiwo zoomatshini, izixhobo zoxinzelelo lwekhabhoni, iityhubhu zentsimbi ezichanekileyo kakhulu kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu olungileyo. Imele izinto ezingama-20, intsimbi engama-45 njalo njalo.
I-GB/T3094-1986 (umbhobho wentsimbi onomthungo otsalwe ngokubandayo). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni iindawo ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo kunye neenxalenye, le nto yenziwe ngentsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye nentsimbi yesakhiwo engaphantsi kwe-alloy.
GB/T8713-1988 (umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo ochanekileyo wangaphakathi weesilinda ze-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic). Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuvelisa iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezitsalwa ngokubandayo okanye eziqengqelekayo ezibandayo ezinobubanzi obuchanekileyo bangaphakathi beesilinda ze-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic. Izinto zayo ezimeleyo yi-20, intsimbi engama-45 njalo njalo.
GB13296-2007 (iityhubhu zentsimbi engenasici ezingenamthungo zeebhoyila kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu). Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhoyila, ii-superheater, ii-heat exchangers, ii-condenser, ii-catalytic tubes, njl.njl. zamashishini eekhemikhali. Umbhobho wentsimbi omelana nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, nokumelana nokugqwala. Izixhobo ezimeleyo yi-0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti nezinye ezifana nazo.
GB/T14975-2002 (umbhobho wentsimbi engenasici engenamthungo wesakhiwo). Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwisakhiwo ngokubanzi (ihotele, ukuhombisa indawo yokutyela) kunye nombhobho wentsimbi kwi-atmospheric kunye ne-asidi corrosion kwaye inamandla athile kwisakhiwo soomatshini bamashishini eekhemikhali. Izixhobo ezimeleyo yi-0-3Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti nezinye izinto ezifana nazo.
GB/T14976-2002 (umbhobho ongenamthungo wentsimbi engagqwaliyo wokuthutha ulwelo). Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuhambisa izinto ezirhabaxa. Izixhobo ezimeleyo zezi: 0Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr17Ni12Mo2, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti nezinye ezifana nezo.
I-YB/T5035-1993 (iityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo zeebhasingi ze-semi-axle zeemoto). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni isinyithi sekhabhoni esisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye nentsimbi yesakhiwo ye-alloy, iityhubhu zentsimbi engenamthungo ezishushu eziqengqelekayo zeebhasingi ze-semi-axle zeemoto kunye nee-axle zee-axle zee-drive. Izixhobo ezimeleyo ziyi-45, 45Mn2, 40Cr, 20CrNi3A nezinye ezifana nazo.
I-API SPEC5CT-1999 (Inkcazo yeCasing and Tubing) iqulunqwe kwaye ipapashwe yi-American Petroleum Institute ("American") kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Phakathi kwazo: ICasing: umbhobho ophuma emthonjeni usuka kumphezulu womhlaba kwaye usetyenziswa njengomgca wodonga lomthombo, kwaye imibhobho iqhagamshelwe nge-coupling. Izinto eziphambili zii-grades zentsimbi ezifana ne-J55, N80, P110, kunye nee-grades zentsimbi ezifana ne-C90 kunye ne-T95 ezimelana nokugqwala kwe-hydrogen sulfide. Umgangatho wayo wentsimbi ephantsi (J55, N80) unokudityaniswa ngepayipi yentsimbi. I-Tubing: Umbhobho ofakwa kwi-casing ukusuka kumphezulu womhlaba ukuya kumaleko weoyile, kwaye imibhobho iqhagamshelwe yi-coupling okanye umzimba odibeneyo. Umsebenzi wayo kukuba iyunithi yokupompa ithuthe ioyile ukusuka kumaleko weoyile ukuya emhlabeni ngepayipi yeoyile. Izinto eziphambili yi-J55, N80, P110, kunye nee-grades zentsimbi ezifana ne-C90 kunye ne-T95 ezimelana nokugqwala kwe-hydrogen sulfide. Umgangatho wayo wentsimbi ephantsi (J55, N80) unokudityaniswa ngepayipi yentsimbi.
I-API SPEC 5L-2000 (Umbhobho woMgcaI-Specification), equlunqwe yaza yapapashwa yi-American Petroleum Institute, isetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela.
Umbhobho womgca: Yioyile, igesi okanye amanzi akhupha umngxuma emhlabeni aze awuthuthele kumashishini oshishino lweoyile negesi ngombhobho womgca. Umbhobho womgca uquka iintlobo ezimbini zemibhobho engenamthungo nedibeneyo, kwaye iziphelo zemibhobho zineziphelo ezithe tyaba, iziphelo ezinemisonto kunye neziphelo zesokhethi; iindlela zoqhagamshelo kukuwelda ekupheleni, uqhagamshelo lokudibanisa, uqhagamshelo lwesokhethi kunye nezinye izinto ezinjalo. Izinto eziphambili zetyhubhu ziiklasi zentsimbi ezifana ne-B, X42, X56, X65 kunye ne-X70.
Singumqokeleli wemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo yekhabhoni kunye ne-alloy. Ukuba unemibuzo, nceda unxibelelane nathi ngale ndlela ilandelayo yokunxibelelana.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-01-2022