I-ASTM A500 yityhubhu yesakhiwo sentsimbi yekhabhoni edityanisiweyo nengenamthungo eyenzelwe izakhiwo zebhulorho kunye nezakhiwo zesakhiwo ezidityanisiweyo, ezigobileyo, okanye ezibolithiweyo kunye neenjongo zesakhiwo ngokubanzi.
Umbhobho weGrade C ngomnye wemigangatho enamandla aphezulu okuvelisa angaphantsi kwe-345 MPa kunye namandla okutsalwa angaphantsi kwe-425 MPa.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi malungaI-ASTM A500, ungacofa ukuze uyijonge!
I-ASTM A500 yahlula umbhobho wentsimbi ube ziiklasi ezintathu,ibakala B, ibakala C, kunye nebakala D.
CHS: Amacandelo angqukuva ajikelezayo.
I-RHS: Iinxalenye ezingenanto okanye eziziingxande.
I-EHS: Iindawo ezingenanto ezigobileyo.
Intsimbi mayibe yenziwe ngenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi nkqubo zilandelayo:ioksijini esisiseko okanye isithando sombane.
Umbhobho kufuneka wenziwe ngumntuingenamthungookanye inkqubo yokuwelda.
Iityhubhu ezidityanisiweyo mazibe zenziwe ngentsimbi egoqwe ngomgca othe tyaba ngenkqubo yokudibanisa ngombane (ERW). I-longitudinal butt joint yetyhubhu ezidityanisiweyo mayidityaniswe kububanzi bayo ngendlela yokuba amandla oyilo lwesakhiwo secandelo letyhubhu aqinisekiswe.
I-ASTM A500 Grade C ingasuswa okanye ithomalaliswe kuxinzelelo.
Ukufunxa kwenziwa ngokufudumeza ityhubhu ukuya kubushushu obuphezulu uze uyipholise kancinci. Ukufunxa kulungisa ulwakhiwo lwesixhobo ukuze kuphuculwe ukuqina kwayo kunye nokufana kwayo.
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokufudumeza izinto kubushushu obuphantsi (ngokuqhelekileyo obuphantsi kunobo bokuqhoboshela) uze uzibambe ixesha elithile uze uzipholise. Oku kunceda ekuthinteleni ukugqwetheka okanye ukuqhekeka kwezinto ngexesha lemisebenzi elandelayo efana nokuwelda okanye ukusika.
Ukuphindaphindwa kovavanyo: Iisampulu ezimbini zombhobho ezithathwe kwiqashiso ngalinye leziqwenga ezingama-500 okanye iqhekeza lazo, okanye iisampulu ezimbini zezinto ezigoqwe ngokusicaba ezithathwe kwiqashiso ngalinye lenani elihambelanayo leziqwenga zezinto ezigoqwe ngokusicaba.
Iindlela zovavanyoIindlela kunye nezenzo ezinxulumene nohlalutyo lweekhemikhali kufuneka zihambelane neMigaqo yoVavanyo, iiNdlela, kunye neSigama A751.
| Iimfuno zeKhemikhali,% | |||
| Ukwakhiwa | Ibanga C | ||
| Uhlalutyo lobushushu | Uhlalutyo lweMveliso | ||
| C (Ikhabhoni)A | ubuninzi | 0.23 | 0.27 |
| I-Mn (iManganese)A | ubuninzi | 1.35 | 1.40 |
| I-P (iPhosphorus) | ubuninzi | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| S(iSulfur) | ubuninzi | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| I-Cu (ubhedu)B | umzuzu | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| AKunciphiso ngalunye lwe-0.01 yepesenti ngaphantsi komlinganiselo ochaziweyo wekhabhoni, ukunyuka kwe-0.06 yepesenti ngaphezu komlinganiselo ochaziweyo we-manganese kuvumelekile, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.50% ngohlalutyo lobushushu kunye nohlalutyo lwemveliso ephumayo lwe-1.60%. BUkuba intsimbi equlethe ubhedu ichaziwe kwiodolo yokuthenga. | |||
Iisampulu zokutyhafa mazihambelane neemfuno ezifanelekileyo zeNdlela zoVavanyo kunye neeNkcazelo A370, iSihlomelo A2.
| Iimfuno zokuThatha | ||
| Uluhlu | Ibanga C | |
| Amandla okutyhafa, umzuzu | i-psi | 62,000 |
| I-MPa | 425 | |
| Amandla okuvelisa, umzuzu | i-psi | 50,000 |
| I-MPa | 345 | |
| Ukwandiswa kwi-2 intshi. (50 mm), min,C | % | 21B |
| BIsebenza kubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo (t) obulingana okanye obungaphezulu kwe-0.120 in. [3.05mm]. Kubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo obukhaphukhaphu, amaxabiso aphantsi okwandiswa kufuneka abe ngokwesivumelwano nomenzi. CAmaxabiso amancinci okwandiswa achazwe apha asebenza kuphela kuvavanyo olwenziwe ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwetyhubhu. | ||
Kuvavanyo, isampuli ifakwa kumatshini wokuvavanya ukuxinana ize yolulwe kancinci ide iqhekeke. Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, umatshini wokuvavanya urekhoda idatha yoxinzelelo kunye nokuxinana, ngaloo ndlela uvelisa igophe loxinzelelo kunye nokuxinana. Le gophe isenza sikwazi ukubona yonke le nkqubo ukusuka ekuguqulweni kwe-elastic ukuya ekuguqulweni kweplastiki ukuya ekuqhekekeni, kunye nokufumana amandla okuvelisa, amandla okuxinana kunye nedatha yobude.
Ubude beSpecial: Ubude besampuli esetyenziselwa uvavanyo akufuneki bube ngaphantsi kwe-65 mm (2 1/2 inches).
Uvavanyo lwe-Ductility: Ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukwaphuka, isampuli iyasicaba phakathi kweepleyiti ezilinganayo de umgama phakathi kweepleyiti ube ngaphantsi kwexabiso "H" elibalwe ngale fomyula ilandelayo:
H=(1+e)t/(e+t/D)
H = umgama phakathi kweepleyiti ezithe tyaba, ngo. [mm],
e= ukuguqulwa ngobude beyunithi (okungaguqukiyo kwinqanaba elithile lentsimbi, 0.07 kwiBakala B, kunye 0.06 kwiBakala C),
t= ubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo betyhubhu, ngo. [mm],
D = ububanzi obucacileyo bangaphandle betyhubhu, kwi. [mm].
IngqibelelotEst: Qhubeka ulungisa isampuli de isampuli iqhekeke okanye iindonga ezichaseneyo zesampuli zihlangane.
Ukusilelaci-riteria: Ukuxobuka kweLaminar okanye izinto ezibuthathaka ezifunyenweyo kulo lonke uvavanyo lokusila ziya kuba sisizathu sokwaliwa.
Uvavanyo lokuvutha luyafumaneka kwiityhubhu ezingqukuva ezinobubanzi obuyi-≤ 254 mm (10 in) ububanzi, kodwa alunyanzelekanga.
| Uluhlu | Ububanzi | Phawula |
| Ububanzi obungaphandle (OD) | ≤48mm (1.9 in) | ± 0.5% |
| ＞50mm (ii-inthi ezimbini) | ± 0.75% | |
| Ubukhulu Bodonga (T) | Ubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo | ≥90% |
| Ubude (L) | ≤6.5m (22ft) | -6mm (1/4in) - +13mm (1/2in) |
| ＞6.5m (22ft) | -6mm (1/4in) - +19mm (3/4) | |
| Ukuthe tye | Ubude bukwiiyunithi zobukhosi (ft) | I-L/40 |
| Iiyunithi zobude zi-metric (m) | I-L/50 | |
| Iimfuneko zokunyamezela ubukhulu obunxulumene nentsimbi esakhiweyo esijikelezileyo | ||
Ukuzimisela Okugqibeleleyo Kweziphene
Iziphene zomphezulu ziya kuhlelwa njengeziphene xa ubunzulu beziphene zomphezulu bubukhulu kangangokuba ubukhulu bodonga obuseleyo bungaphantsi kwama-90% obubanzi bodonga obuchaziweyo.
Iimpawu ezinyangiweyo, iimpawu zokungunda ezincinci okanye eziqengqelekayo, okanye iimbobo ezingaphantsi azithathwa njengeziphene ukuba zinokususwa ngaphakathi kwemida yobukhulu bodonga echaziweyo. Ezi ziphene zomphezulu azidingi ukususwa ngokunyanzelekileyo.
Ukulungiswa Okugqibeleleyo Kweziphene
Iziphene ezinobukhulu bodonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-33% yobukhulu obuchaziweyo mazisuswe ngokusika okanye ngokusila ide ibonakale intsimbi engenaziphene.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuwelda nge-tack, kuya kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokuwelda emanzi.
Emva kokulungiswa, isinyithi esingaphezulu kufuneka sisuswe ukuze kubekho umphezulu ogudileyo.
Igama lomenzi, uphawu, okanye uphawu lorhwebo; uphawu lweenkcukacha (unyaka wokukhutshwa awufuneki); kunye neleta yebakala.
Kwimibhobho yolwakhiwo enobubanzi obungaphandle obuyi-4 in [10 cm] okanye ngaphantsi, ulwazi lokuchongwa luvumelekile kwiileyibhile ezincamatheliswe ngokukhuselekileyo kwinqwaba nganye yombhobho.
Kukwakho nokukhetha ukusebenzisa iibhakhowudi njengendlela eyongezelelweyo yokuchonga, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba iibhakhowudi zihambelane ne-AIAG Standard B-1.
1. Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo: Intsimbi yeGrade C idla ngokusetyenziswa ekwakheni izakhiwo apho kufuneka inkxaso yesakhiwo. Ingasetyenziselwa iifreyimu eziphambili, izakhiwo zophahla, imigangatho, kunye neendonga zangaphandle.
2. Iiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso: Ngeebhulorho, izakhiwo zeempawu zendlela, kunye neengcingo zokubonelela ngenkxaso efunekayo kunye nokuqina.
3. Izibonelelo zoshishino: kwizityalo zokwenza imveliso nakwezinye iindawo zoshishino, ingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisa, iinkqubo zokubumba, kunye neekholamu.
4. Izakhiwo zamandla avuselelekayo: Ingasetyenziswa nasekwakheni izakhiwo zamandla omoya kunye nelanga.
5. Izixhobo zemidlalo kunye nezixhobo: izakhiwo zeendawo zemidlalo ezinje ngeebleacher, iipali zegoli, kwanezixhobo zokomelela umzimba.
6. Oomatshini bezolimo: Ingasetyenziselwa ukwakha iifreyimu zoomatshini kunye neendawo zokugcina izinto.
Ubungakanani: Nika ububanzi bangaphandle kunye nobukhulu bodonga kwiityhubhu ezijikelezileyo; nika ubungakanani bangaphandle kunye nobukhulu bodonga kwiityhubhu ezisikwere nezingxande.
Ubungakanani: Xela ubude obupheleleyo (iinyawo okanye iimitha) okanye inani lobude obufunekayo.
Ubude: Bonisa uhlobo lobude obufunekayo - ngokungacwangciswanga, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, okanye ngokuthe ngqo.
Iinkcukacha ze-ASTM 500: Nika unyaka wokupapashwa kweenkcukacha ze-ASTM 500 ezikhankanyiweyo.
Ibanga: Bonisa umgangatho wezinto (B, C, okanye D).
Uyilo lwezinto: Bonisa ukuba le nto yenziwe ngetyhubhu ebandayo.
Indlela Yokuvelisa: Chaza ukuba umbhobho awuthungwanga okanye udityanisiwe.
Ukusetyenziswa kokugqibela: Chaza indlela ekucetywayo ukuba isetyenziswe ngayo le mbhobho
Iimfuno ezikhethekileyo: Dwelisa naziphi na ezinye iimfuno ezingagutyungelwanga yimigaqo esemgangathweni.
Singumvelisi kunye nomthengisi wemibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni edityanisiweyo ekumgangatho ophezulu evela eTshayina, kwaye sikwangumthengisi wemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo, sikunika uluhlu olubanzi lwezisombululo zemibhobho yentsimbi!
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neemveliso zemibhobho yentsimbi, ungaqhagamshelana nathi!
