I-ASTM A252 Ibanga lesi-3sesona sixhobo siqhelekileyo esisetyenziswa njengepayipi yesangqa.
Iipayipu zentsimbi zebanga lesi-3 azikhawulelwanga kwinkqubo ethile yemveliso kwaye zinokwenziwa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza iipayipu, kubandakanyaii-SMLS(ingenamthungo),I-SAW(i-arc efakwe emanzini idityaniswe), kunyeI-EFW(i-electro-fusion welded). Olu kuguquguquka luvumela ukuba ilungelelaniswe neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa.
Njengoko ikumgangatho ophezulu kumgangatho we-A52, ineempawu ezintle kakhulu zoomatshini ezinamandla okuvelisa ubuncinci be-310 MPa kunye namandla okunciphisa ubuncinci be-455 MPa kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengesakhi esihlala sithwala umthwalo okanye njengeqokobhe leenqwaba zekhonkrithi ezifakwe kwindawo yazo.
II-ASTM A252Umgangatho uhlela iipayipu zentsimbi zibe ziiklasi ezintathu ukuze zilungele iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kunye neemfuno zokulayisha. Ezi klasi zintathu zezi:
Ibanga loku-1, iBanga lesi-2, kunye neBanga lesi-3.
Le nkampani izise iseti epheleleyo yezixhobo zokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi ye-JCOE LSAW ephucukileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya, igxile ekuveliseni umbhobho wentsimbi ye-LSAW enodonga oluqinileyo, nobukhulu obukhulu kunye ne-DSAW (ukuwelda kwe-arc engaphantsi kwamanzi enamacala amabini).
Iinkcukacha zemveliso zezi:
Ububanzi obungaphandle: DN 350 – 1500;
Ubukhulu bodonga: 8 – 80 mm;
Iipayipu ezinde mazibe ziphela.
Iziphelo mazisikwe ngomlilo okanye zisikwe ngomatshini zize zisuswe umlilo.
Kwindaba yeiziphelo ezijijekileyo, i-engile yesiphelo esijikeleziweyo kufuneka ibe30 - 35°.
Intsimbi yeBotopInika uluhlu olubanzi lweepayipi zentsimbi ze-ASTM A52 ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi ngeemfuno zakho.
Intsimbi mayibe yeyokwenziwa ngenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi nkqubo zilandelayo: iziko elivulekileyo, ioksijini esisiseko, okanye isithando sombane.
A252 mayibe yi-ingenamthungo, ukumelana nombane okuhlanganisiweyo, i-flash weldedokanyei-fusion weldedinkqubo.
Imithungo yeepayipu ezidityanisiweyo mayibeubude, isinqe esijiyileyookanyei-helical-lap.
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweepayipu zentsimbi, kubalulekile ukukhetha inkqubo yokuvelisa echanekileyo.
Inkqubo ye-LSAW (SAWL) ilungele umbhobho wentsimbi onobubanzi obukhulu nodonga oluqinileyo, ingakumbi kwiiprojekthi zokwakha neziseko ezifuna amandla aphezulu okuthwala umthwalo kunye nokwakhiwa kwesiseko esinzulu. Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, amandla okuthwala umthwalo, kunye nokuguquguquka kobunzulu, iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zejoloji ezintsonkothileyo ngelixa ibonelela ngeenzuzo zokufakelwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuqina ixesha elide.
I-JCOEyinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokwenza umbhobho kwimveliso yombhobho wentsimbi we-LSAW, enezibonelelo zokusebenza kakuhle, umgangatho ophezulu, amandla okuvelisa ububanzi obukhulu, ukuchaneka kobukhulu, ukuguquguquka, kunye noqoqosho, nto leyo eye yenze ukuba ibe yinkqubo yokwenza umbhobho ekhethwayo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zobunjineli ezinkulu.
Intsimbi mayiqulathei-phosphorus ayidluli kwi-0.050%.
Ukunciphisa umxholo we-phosphorus kwintsimbi kukuqinisekisa ukuba intsimbi ineempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini, ingakumbi xa isetyenziselwa ulwakhiwo olufana nokwakha iipali.
Olu thintelo lunceda ekuthinteleni ukuba intsimbi ingabi buthathaka kakhulu xa iphantsi kobushushu, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwayo kunye nokuthembeka kwayo xa isetyenziswa.
Akukho mfuneko kwezinye izinto eziqulethweyo.
Oku kungenxa yokuba eyona nto iphambili kwiityhubhu zeepayipi kukuqinisekisa ukuba iityhubhu zinamandla aneleyo okwakha kunye nokuqina, nto leyo eyimpawu ezibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ezixhasayo.
Kwiityhubhu zeetyhubhu zeetyhubhu, ingqwalasela engakumbi inikwa kwiipropati zoomatshini zeetyhubhu, ezinje ngamandla okuvelisa, amandla okutsalwa, kunye nokuqina, njengoko ezi mpawu zinxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo seetyhubhu zeetyhubhu kwiindlela ezisebenzayo.
AItheyibhile 2 inika amaxabiso aphantsi abaliweyo:
Apho ubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo buphakathi kobo buboniswe apha ngasentla, ixabiso elincinci lobude liya kugqitywa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
IBakala 3: E = 32t + 10.00 [E = 1.25t + 10.00]
E: ubude obuziisentimitha ezi-2 [50.8 mm], %;
t: ubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo, ngo. [mm].
Umgangatho we-ASTM A252 Grade 3 uqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwee-tubular piles ezisetyenziswayo ngokumisela iimfuneko ezincinci zezi mpawu zoomatshini.
Kwimilinganiselo yepayipi engadweliswanga kwiitheyibhile zobunzima bepayipi, ubunzima ngobude beyunithi nganye bungabalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula.
w = C×(Dt)×t
w: ubunzima ngobude beyunithi nganye, i-Ilb/ft [kg/m];
D: ububanzi obungaphandle obuchaziweyo, kwi. [mm];
t: ubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo, ngo. [mm];
C: 0.0246615 yokubala kwiiyunithi ze-SI kunye ne-10.69 yokubala kwiiyunithi ze-USC.
Ezi zibalo zingasentla zisekelwe kwingcinga yokuba uxinano lombhobho wentsimbi yi-7.85 kg/dm³.
I-ASTM A252 Grade 3 inamandla aphezulu kwaye iqinile kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba kunye nokuthwala umthwalo. Le pipe yentsimbi isetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi zicelo zilandelayo:
1. Ukwakha iziseko: Umbhobho wentsimbi we-ASTM A252 weBanga lesi-3 usetyenziswa njengeziseko zeenqwaba kwimisebenzi yesiseko sezakhiwo eziphakamileyo, iibhulorho, kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezinkulu ukubonelela ngenkxaso kunye nozinzo olufunekayo.
2. Amazibuko kunye namazibuko: Le mibhobho yentsimbi isetyenziselwa ukufaka iimfumba ekwakhiweni kwezibuko kunye neezibuko ukuqinisekisa ukuba isakhiwo siyakwazi ukumelana nempembelelo yeenqanawa kunye nokukhukuliseka kwendalo yaselwandle. Ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwemibhobho yentsimbi, kudla ngokusetyenziswa iingubo zokukhusela ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo.
3. Imisebenzi yamanzi: Umbhobho wentsimbi we-ASTM A252 weBanga lesi-3 usetyenziselwa ukuqinisa unxweme lomlambo nokubonelela ngokhuseleko kwizikhukula ekwakhiweni kwamadama, izitshixo, kunye nezinye izibonelelo zamanzi.
4. Iiprojekthi zamandla: Kwimisebenzi yamandla omoya, kwiirobhothi zeoyile, nakwezinye iiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso zamandla, le mibhobho yentsimbi isetyenziswa njengezakhiwo zokuxhasa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo.
5. Izixhobo zothutho: Umbhobho wentsimbi we-ASTM A252 Grade 3 usetyenziselwa ukufaka iintsika ekwakhiweni koololiwe, iindlela ezinkulu, kunye neendlela zeenqwelo moya ukuze kubonelelwe ngomthamo owaneleyo wokuthwala umthwalo kunye nokuqina.
Ukususela oko yasekwa ngo-2014,Intsimbi yeBotopiye yaba ngumthengisi ophambili wemibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni eMntla China, eyaziwa ngenkonzo egqwesileyo, iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kunye nezisombululo ezibanzi.
Intsimbi yeBotopIbonelela ngeendidi ngeendidi zeepayipi zentsimbi yekhabhoni kunye neemveliso ezinxulumene nazo, kuquka ipayipi yentsimbi engenamthungo, i-ERW, i-LSAW, kunye ne-SSAW, kunye noluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-fittings zepayipi kunye nee-flanges. Iimveliso zayo ezikhethekileyo ziquka ii-alloys ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye neentsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic, ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zepayipi.
Ipayipi yeeNtsika zeNsimbi ezingenamthungo ze-ASTM A252 GR.2 GR.3
Ipayipi yeeNqanawa zeNsimbi ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW
I-AS 1579 SSAW Water Steel Pipe kunye neNqwaba yeNsimbi
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I-BS EN10210 S355J0H Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo yeCarbon
I-EN10210 S355J2H INTSIMBI YOKWAKHIWA KWESITYA ESIQINISEKILEYO
I-API 5L PSL1 kunye nePSL2 GR.B Umbhobho oWeldiweyo ongaphantsi komhlaba we-Arc we-Longitudinal
Ityhubhu yoLwakhiwo lweSteel yeCarbon ye-ASTM A501 yeBanga B LSAW
Umbhobho wentsimbi yekhabhoni we-ASTM A672 B60/B70/C60/C65/C70 LSAW LSAW
Umbhobho wentsimbi we-ASTM A671/A671M LSAW
Ityhubhu yoLwakhiwo lweNtsimbi engenamthungo ye-ASTM A500 yeBanga C
