I-API 5L X70 (L485)luhlobo lombhobho wentsimbi osetyenziswa kushishino lweoyile negesi kwiinkqubo zothutho lwemibhobho, obizwa ngegama eliphantsiamandla okukhupha angama-70,300 psi (485 MPa), kwaye ineefom zepayipi ezingenamthungo kunye ne-welded kwaye yahlulwe yangamanqanaba amabini eenkcukacha zemveliso, i-PSL1 kunye ne-PSL2. Kwi-PSL1, i-X70 yeyona nqanaba liphezulu, ngelixa kwi-PSL2 ikwayenye yemigangatho ephezulu yepayipi yentsimbi.
Umbhobho wentsimbi we-API 5L X70 ulungele ngokukodwa iimfuno zothutho olude nolunoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo. Ukuze imelane noxinzelelo oluphezulu, umbhobho wentsimbi we-X70 uhlala uyilwa ngodonga olutyebileyo ukuqinisekisa amandla aneleyo kunye nokuqina.
Intsimbi yeBotopngumvelisi ochwephesha wombhobho wentsimbi we-LSAW onamacango amakhulu nobukhulu obuphindwe kabini ongaphantsi komhlaba okwi-China.
Indawo: Isixeko saseCangzhou, kwiPhondo laseHebei, eTshayina;
Utyalo-mali olupheleleyo: 500 yezigidi zeerandi;
Indawo yomzi-mveliso: 60,000 square metres;
Umthamo wonyaka wemveliso: iitoni ezingama-200,000 zeepayipi zentsimbi zeJCOE LSAW;
Izixhobo: Izixhobo zokuvelisa nokuvavanya eziphucukileyo;
Ingcali: Imveliso yepayipi yentsimbi ye-LSAW;
Isiqinisekiso: Isiqinisekiso se-API 5L.
Iimeko zokuhanjiswa
Imeko yokuhanjiswa yimeko yokulungiswa okanye ukucutshungulwa kwetyhubhu yentsimbi xa ilungele ukuhanjiswa kumthengi emva kokuveliswa. Imeko yokuhanjiswa ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ityhubhu ineempawu zoomatshini ezifunekayo kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lePSL kunye nemeko yokuhanjiswa, iX70 ingahlulwahlulwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-PSL1: X70 (L485);
I-PSL2: X70Q (L485Q) kunye ne-X70M (L485M);
Oonobumba abamaphambili bePSL2 u-Q no-M bamele ngokulandelelanayo:
Q: Icinyiwe kwaye ithambile;
M: I-thermomechanical rolled okanye i-thermomechanical yenziwe;
Inkqubo Eyamkelekileyo Yokwenziwa kwe-API 5L X70
Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-X70 ibandakanya zombiniingenamthungo kwaye idityanisiweiifom, ezinokwahlulwahlulwa ngolu hlobo:
Kwezi,I-SAWL(LSAW) yeyona nkqubo ixhaphakileyo esetyenziswa ekuveliseni iinkqubo ze-X70 ezidityanisiweyo kwaye iluncedo ekuveliseni umbhobho wentsimbi onobukhulu obukhulu, oneendonga ezijiyileyo.
Nangona imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo isathathwa njengeyona ndlela ikhethwayo ngenxa yeempawu zayo phantsi kweemeko ezithile eziqatha, ububanzi obukhulu beemibhobho zentsimbi engenamthungo eziveliswayo budla ngokulinganiselwa kwi-660 mm. Olu luhlu lobungakanani lunokuba yingxaki xa kujongwe iiprojekthi ezinkulu zemibhobho yokuthutha umgama omde.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, inkqubo ye-LSAW iyakwazi ukuvelisa iityhubhu ezinobubanzi obufikelela kwi-1,500 mm kunye nobukhulu bodonga obufikelela kwi-80 mm. Kwaye ixabiso linokuba ngcono kunentsimbi engenamthungo.
I-API 5L X70 Chemical Composition
Ulwakhiwo lweeKhemikhali zePSL 1 Pipe ene-t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Ulwakhiwo lweeKhemikhali kwiPipe yePSL 2 ene-t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Kwiimveliso zepayipi yentsimbi yePSL2 ezihlalutyiweyo ngeumxholo wekhabhoni we ≤0.12%, i-CE elingana nekhabhonii-pcmingabalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula ilandelayo:
CEi-pcm= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Kwiimveliso zepayipi yentsimbi yePSL2 ezihlalutyiweyo ngeumxholo wekhabhoni > 0.12%, i-CE elingana nekhabhonillwingabalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula ingezantsi:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Ulwakhiwo lweeKhemikhali olune-t ＞ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Kuya kugqitywa ngokuxoxisana kwaye kulungiswe kwisakhelo esifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zesakhelo seekhemikhali ezingentla.
Iipropati zoomatshini ze-API 5L X70
Iipropati zokuThatha
Iipropati zokuThatha zePSL1 X70
Iipropati zokuThatha zePSL2 X70
Phawula: Iimfuno zichazwe ngokweenkcukacha kuI-API 5L X52, ezinokujongwa ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ezinye Iimvavanyo Zoomatshini
Le nkqubo ilandelayo yovavanyoisebenza kwiintlobo zemibhobho yentsimbi ye-SAW kuphela.
Uvavanyo lokugoba lwesikhokelo sokuwelda;
Uvavanyo lobunzima bombhobho odibeneyo owenziwe ngobandayo;
Ukuhlolwa okukhulu komthungo odibeneyo;
kwaye kuphela kwipayipi yentsimbi yePSL2: uvavanyo lwempembelelo yeCVN kunye novavanyo lwe-DWT.
Izinto zovavanyo kunye neemvamisa zovavanyo zezinye iintlobo zemibhobho zinokufumaneka kwiTheyibhile 17 kunye ne-18 yomgangatho we-API 5L.
Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic
Ixesha lovavanyo
Zonke iisayizi zeetyhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo nezidibeneyo ezine-D ≤ 457 mm (18 in.):ixesha lovavanyo ≥ imizuzwana emi-5;
Umbhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo D > 457 mm (18 in.):ixesha lovavanyo ≥ 10s.
Uvavanyo lwexesha eliphindaphindwayo
Umbhobho ngamnye wentsimbikwaye akuyi kubakho kuvuza okuvela emzimbeni we-weld okanye wepayipi ngexesha lovavanyo.
Uxinzelelo lovavanyo
Uxinzelelo lovavanyo lwe-hydrostatic P lwe-aumbhobho wentsimbi ocacileyoinokubalwa ngokusebenzisa ifomula.
P = 2St/D
Syingcinezelo ye-hoop. ixabiso lilingana namandla aphantsi okukhupha i-xa yepesenti yombhobho wentsimbi, kwi-MPa (psi);
tbubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo, obuchazwa ngeemilimitha (ii-intshi);
Dyi-diameter ekhankanyiweyo yangaphandle, echazwa ngeemilimitha (ii-intshi).
Uhlolo Olungonakalisiyo
Kwiityhubhu ze-SAW, iindlela ezimbini,UT(uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic) okanyeRT(uvavanyo lwe-radiographic), zihlala zisetyenziswa.
ET(uvavanyo lwe-electromagnetic) alusebenzi kwiityhubhu ze-SAW.
Iiseams ezidityanisiweyo kwiipayipi ezidityanisiweyo zemigangatho ≥ L210/A kunye nobubanzi ≥ 60.3 mm (2.375 in) mazihlolwe ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa ubukhulu kunye nobude obupheleleyo (100%) njengoko kuchaziwe.
Uvavanyo lwe-UT olungonakalisiyo
Uvavanyo lwe-RT olungonakalisiyo
Kwipayipi ye-SAW kunye ne-COW, ii-welds kufuneka zihlolwe ngeendlela zokuhlola i-radiographic ngaphakathi kobuncinci be-200 mm (8.0 in) yesiphelo ngasinye sepayipi nganye yesiphelo sepayipi kufuneka zihlolwe ngokuhlolwa kwe-radiographic.
Itshati yeShedyuli yePipe ye-API 5L
Ukuze kube lula ukuzijonga nokuzisebenzisa, silungiselele iifayile zePDF zeshedyuli efanelekileyo. Ungasoloko uzikhuphela kwaye uzijonge ezi fayile ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Cacisa Ububanzi Bangaphandle kunye Nobukhulu Bodonga
Amaxabiso amiselweyo eedayamitha zangaphandle ezichaziweyo kunye nobukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo bombhobho wentsimbi anikwe kwiI-ISO 4200kwayeI-ASME B36.10M.
Ukunyamezelana Okunemilinganiselo
Iimfuneko ze-API 5L zokunyamezelana okunemilinganiselo zichazwe ngokweenkcukachaI-API 5L Ibanga BUkuze ungaphindi uphindaphinde, ungacofa kwifonti eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze ubone iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
Iziphene Eziqhelekileyo kunye Nokulungiswa
Kwiityhubhu ze-SAW, ezi ziphene zilandelayo zixhaphake kakhulu: imiphetho ekrwitshiweyo, ukutsha kwe-arc, ukwahlulahlula, ukuphambuka kwejometri, amaqhuma aqinileyo, njl.
Iziphene ezifunyenwe ngokuhlolwa ngamehlo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe, zihlelwe ngokweendidi, kwaye zilahlwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
a) Ubunzulu ≤ 0.125t, kwaye abuchaphazeli ubukhulu bodonga obuvumelekileyo besiphako kufuneka buchongwe njengeziphako ezamkelekileyo kwaye buya kulahlwa ngokuhambelana nemigaqo ye-C.1.
b) Iziphene ezingaphezulu kwe-0.125t ngobunzulu ezingachaphazeli ubukhulu bodonga obuvumelekileyo ziya kugwetywa njengeziphene kwaye ziya kususwa ngokuzilola kwakhona ngokuhambelana ne-C.2 okanye zilahlwe ngokuhambelana ne-C.3.
c) Isiphene esichaphazela ubukhulu bodonga obuphantsi obuvumelekileyo siya kubonwa njengesiphene kwaye siya kulahlwa ngokuhambelana ne-C.3.
Ukuchongwa kombala
Ukuba iceliwe, uphawu lombala olumalunga ne-50 mm (2 in.) ububanzi lungapeyintwa kumphezulu ongaphakathi wombhobho ngamnye wentsimbi ukuvumela ukwahlulahlula lula izinto ezahlukeneyo.
| Ibanga lePipe | Umbala wepeyinti |
| I-L320 okanye i-X46 | Mnyama |
| L360 okanye X52 | Luhlaza |
| L390 okanye X56 | Luhlaza |
| L415 okanye X60 | Bomvu |
| L450 okanye X65 | Mhlophe |
| L485 okanye X70 | Umfusa-violet |
| I-L555 okanye i-X80 | Lubhelu |
Yintoni i-X70 Steel Equivalent?
I-ISO 3183 - L485: Le yintsimbi yombhobho phantsi kwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ifana ngeempawu ze-API 5L X70.
I-CSA Z245.1 - GR 485: Olu ludidi lwentsimbi oluvela kwiCanadian Standards Association kwimibhobho yeoyile negesi.
EN 10208-2 - L485MB: Le yintsimbi yombhobho phantsi koMgangatho waseYurophu wokwenziwa kwemibhobho yokuthutha ioyile negesi.
Ukwaleka
Asiboneleli abathengi bethu kuphela ngemibhobho yentsimbi ye-X70 ekumgangatho ophezulu kodwa sikwabonelela ngeenkonzo ezininzi zokugquma ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezithile zeeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo.
Iingubo zokupenda: Iingubo zepeyinti zemveli zibonelela ngokhuseleko olusisiseko ekungcoleni kwaye zifanelekile kwiindawo ezingezizo ezoyikekayo okanye ukhuseleko lwexeshana.
Ukwaleka kwe-FBE: Ifakwa kumphezulu wombhobho wentsimbi ngenkqubo yokutshiza nge-electrostatic ize inyangwe bubushushu. Olu gqubuthelo lunokumelana okuhle kweekhemikhali kunye nokukrala kwaye lufanelekile kwiipayipi ezingaphantsi komhlaba okanye ezingaphantsi kwamanzi.
Ukwaleka kwe-3LPE: Iqulathe i-epoxy coating, umaleko wokuncamathelisa, kunye nomaleko we-polyethylene, inika ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo kunye nokukhuselwa koomatshini kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zothutho lwangaphantsi komhlaba.
Ukwaleka kwe-3LPP: Njenge-3LPE, i-3LPP coating inee-layers ezintathu, kodwa isebenzisa i-polypropylene njengomaleko wangaphandle. Le coating inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwaye ifanelekile kwiipayipi kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu.
Iingubo zingakhethwa ngokusekelwe kwindawo ethile yesicelo kunye neemfuno zombhobho ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwemibhobho ye-API 5L X70 ngexesha lenkonzo.
Izizathu Zokukhetha Thina Ngepayipi Yentsimbi ye-X70
1. Iifektri eziqinisekisiweyo ze-API 5L: Iifektri zethu zinesatifikethi se-API 5L, esiqinisekisa imigangatho yomgangatho ophezulu ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kwimveliso egqityiweyo kunye nexabiso elihle.
2. Iintlobo ezininzi zemibhobho: Asingomvelisi nje kuphela weepayipi zentsimbi ezidityanisiweyo kodwa sikwangumthengisi weepayipi zentsimbi ezingenamthungo, kwaye singabonelela ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zeepayipi ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo.
3. Izixhobo ezixhasayo ezipheleleyoUkongeza kwimibhobho yentsimbi, singabonelela ngeeflanges, iingqiniba, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezixhasayo, sibonelela ngezisombululo zokuthenga ezikwindawo enye kwiprojekthi yakho.
4. Inkonzo eyenzelwe wena: Siyakwazi ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe wena ngokweemfuno zabathengi ezithile, kubandakanya ukuveliswa kunye nokucutshungulwa kwemibhobho yentsimbi eneenkcukacha ezikhethekileyo.
5. Iinkonzo ezizodwa: Ukusukela oko yasekwa ngo-2014, le nkampani ithathe inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zobunjineli kwaye iqokelele amava atyebileyo kushishino, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezikhethekileyo kunye nenkxaso.
6. Impendulo ekhawulezileyo kunye nenkxasoIqela lethu lenkonzo yabathengi linokubonelela ngempendulo ekhawulezileyo kunye nenkxaso yobuchwephesha yobuchwephesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingxaki zakho kunye neemfuno zakho zisonjululwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
