ASTM A513 bir ahwaa tuubo iyo tuubo bir ah oo kaarboon iyo bir ah oo laga sameeyay bir kulul oo la duubay ama qabow oo ah walxo ceeriin ah oo loo adeegsado habka alxanka iska caabbinta (ERW), kaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo dhammaan noocyada qaab-dhismeedka farsamada.
Nooca 5aadHeerka ASTM A513 ee ku jira wuxuu tilmaamayaaLagu sawiray Mandrel (DOM)tuubooyin.
Tuubooyinka DOM waxaa lagu sameeyaa marka hore sameynta tuubo la alxamay ka dibna qabow ayaa lagu sawiraa iyada oo loo marayo matoorada iyo mandrels-ka si loo dhammeeyo dulqaad cabbir dhow iyo dhammaystir dusha sare oo siman marka la barbar dhigo noocyada kale ee tuubooyinka la alxamay.
Heerka fulinta: ASTM A513
Maaddada: Bir kulul oo la duubay ama bir qabow oo la duubay
Nooca:Nooca 1 (1a ama 1b), Nooca 2, Nooca 3, Nooca 4, Nooca 5, Nooca 6.
Darajada: MT 1010, MT 1015,1006, 1008, 1009 iwm.
Daawaynta kulaylka: NA, SRA, N.
Cabbirka iyo dhumucda derbiga
Qaab qaybeed oo godan: Wareeg, afargeesle, ama qaabab kale
Dhererka
Wadarta Tirada
Noocyada ASTM A513 waxaa lagu kala saaraa xaalado ama habab kala duwan oo tuubada birta ah.
Noocyada 5 ee caadiga ah ee tuubooyinka wareegsan ee ASTM A513 waa:
1008, 1009, 1010, 1015, 1020, 1021, 1025, 1026, 1030, 1035, 1040, 1340, 1524, 4130, 4140.
Wareeg
Afar-jibbaaran ama afar-geesood ah
Qaabab kale
sida qaab siman, lix-geesood ah, afar-geesood ah, gudaha wareegsan iyo lix-geesood ah ama siddeed-geesood ah oo dibadda ah, gudaha ama dibadda ku wareegsan, saddex-geesood ah, qaab wareegsan, iyo qaababka D.
Birta kulul ee la duubay ama qabow
Alaabada ceeriin ee loo isticmaalo soo saarista Birta kulul ama kuwa qabow waxaa lagu samayn karaa hab kasta.
Birta Kulul ee Duuban: Habka wax soo saarka, birta kulul ee la duubay marka hore waxaa lagu kululeeyaa heerkul sare, taasoo u oggolaanaysa birta in lagu duubo xaalad balaastig ah, taasoo sahlaysa in la beddelo qaabka iyo cabbirka birta. Dhammaadka habka kululaynta, agabka badanaa waa la cabbiraa oo waa la qalloociyaa.
Bir Qabow-DuubanBirta qabow-rogmada leh ayaa la sii rogaa ka dib marka walaxdu qaboojiso si loo gaaro cabbirka iyo qaabka la rabo. Habkani waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa heerkulka qolka wuxuuna keenaa bir tayo sare leh oo dusha sare ah iyo cabbirro sax ah.
Tuubooyinka waxaa samayn doonaiska caabbinta korontada (ERW)habka.
Tuubada ERW waa habka loo sameeyo alxanka iyadoo la isku duubayo walxo bir ah dhululubo iyo in la mariyo iska caabin iyo cadaadis dhererkeeda.
Birtu waa inay waafaqsanaato shuruudaha ka kooban kiimikada ee ku xusan Shaxda 1 ama Shaxda 2.
| Fasal | Xoog la Yidlay ksi[MPa],daqiiqad | Xoogga Ugu Dambeeya ksi[MPa],daqiiqad | Kordhinta gudaha 2 inji (50 mm), ugu yaraan, | RB daq | RB ugu badan |
| Tuubada DOM | |||||
| 1008 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 5 | 73 | — |
| 1009 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 5 | 73 | — |
| 1010 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 5 | 73 | — |
| 1015 | 55 [380] | 65 [450] | 5 | 77 | — |
| 1020 | 60 [415] | 70 [480] | 5 | 80 | — |
| 1021 | 62 [425] | 72 [495] | 5 | 80 | — |
| 1025 | 65 [450] | 75 [515] | 5 | 82 | — |
| 1026 | 70 [480] | 80 [550] | 5 | 85 | — |
| 1030 | 75 [515] | 85 [585] | 5 | 87 | — |
| 1035 | 80 [550] | 90 [620] | 5 | 90 | — |
| 1040 | 80 [550] | 90 [620] | 5 | 90 | — |
| 1340 | 85 [585] | 95 [655] | 5 | 90 | — |
| 1524 | 80 [550] | 90 [620] | 5 | 90 | — |
| 4130 | 85 [585] | 95 [655] | 5 | 90 | — |
| 4140 | 100 [690] | 110[760] | 5 | 90 | — |
| Tuubada DOM ee Cadaadiska Yareysay | |||||
| 1008 | 45 [310] | 55 [380] | 12 | 68 | — |
| 1009 | 45 [310] | 55 [380] | 12 | 68 | — |
| 1010 | 45 [310] | 55 [380] | 12 | 68 | — |
| 1015 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 12 | 72 | — |
Fiiro gaar ah 1: Qiimayaashani waxay ku salaysan yihiin heerkulka caadiga ah ee yareeya cadaadiska warshadda. Codsiyada gaarka ah, hantida waxaa lagu hagaajin karaa gorgortan dhexmara iibsadaha iyo soo saaraha.
Fiiro gaar ah 2: Tijaabooyinka xarigga dhererka, ballaca qaybta cabbirku waa inay ahaataa sida ku xusan A370 Lifaaqa A2, Badeecadaha Birta Tubular, iyo dhimista 0.5 boqolkiiba dhibcaha laga jarayo dhererka ugu yar ee aasaasiga ah ee mid kasta.1/32hoos u dhac [0.8 mm] ah oo ku yimid dhumucda derbiga hoostiisa5/16dhumucda derbiga ee [7.9 mm] waa in la oggolaadaa.
1% dhammaan tuubooyinka ku jira dhul kasta iyo ugu yaraan 5 tuubo.
Tuubooyinka wareegsan iyo tuubooyinka sameeya qaabab kale marka ay wareegsan yihiin ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa.
Dhammaan tuubooyinka waxaa la siin doonaa tijaabo hydrostatic ah.
Hagaaji cadaadiska ugu yar ee tijaabada biyaha ugu yaraan 5 ilbiriqsi.
Cadaadiska waxaa loo xisaabiyaa sida:
P=2St/D
P= cadaadiska tijaabada hydrostatic-ka ugu yar, psi ama MPa,
S= cadaadiska faybarka ee la oggol yahay oo ah 14,000 psi ama 96.5 MPa,
t= dhumucda derbiga la cayimay, gudaha ama mm,
D= dhexroorka dibadda ee la cayimay, gudaha ama mm.
Ujeedada baaritaankan waa in la diido tuubooyinka ay ku jiraan cillado dhaawac ah.
Tuubo kasta waa in lagu tijaabiyaa tijaabo koronto oo aan wax burburin ah lahayn iyadoo la raacayo Dhaqanka E213, Dhaqanka E273, Dhaqanka E309, ama Dhaqanka E570.
Dhexroorka Dibadda
Shaxda 5aadDulqaadka Dhexroorka ee Noocyada 3, 4, 5, iyo 6 (SDHR, SDCR, DOM, iyo SSID) Wareeg ah
Dhumucda Darbiga
Shaxda 8aadDhumucda Darbiga ee Noocyada 5 iyo 6 (DOM iyo SSID) Tuubada Wareega (Cutubyada Inji)
MIISKA 9Dulqaadka Dhumucda Darbiga ee Noocyada 5 iyo 6 (DOM iyo SSID) Tuubada Wareega (Cutubyada SI)
Dhererka
Shaxda 13Dulqaadka Dhererka ee Tuubada Wareega ee Lathe-Jaray
Shaxda 14Dulqaadka Dhererka ee Tuubada Wareega ee Feer-ka-qaadista, Saw-ga, ama Disk-ga la Jaray
Qaab-dhismeed laba jibbaaran
Shaxda 16Dulqaad, Cabbirrada Dibadda Tuubada Labajibbaaran iyo Laydi ah
Calaamadee macluumaadka soo socda si ku habboon ul ama xidhmo kasta.
Magaca ama summada soo saaraha, cabbirka la cayimay, nooca, lambarka dalabka iibsadaha, iyo lambarkan qeexitaanka.
Barcode-ku waa la aqbali karaa iyadoo ah hab aqoonsi oo dheeraad ah.
Tuubada waa in lagu dahaadhaa filim saliid ah ka hor inta aan la dhoofin si loo yareeyo miridhku.
Haddii amarku qeexo in tuubooyinka la soo raro iyada oo aan la isticmaalinSaliid joojisa miridhku, filimka saliidaha ee la soo saarayo ayaa ku sii jiri doona dusha sare.
Waxay si wax ku ool ah uga hortagi kartaa dusha sare ee tuubada inay la falgasho qoyaanka iyo oksijiinta hawada ku jirta, taasoo ka fogaanaysa miridhku iyo miridhku.
Runtii, halka saliidaha aasaasiga ah ama filimka saliidda fudud ay bixin karaan heer ilaalin ku meel gaar ah, codsiyada u baahan heer ilaalin sare, daaweynta ilaalinta daxalka ee ku habboon waa in lagu doortaa kiis-kiis.
Tusaale ahaan, dhuumaha aasmay,3PEdahaarka (saddex lakab oo polyethylene ah) ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu bixiyo ilaalin daxalka muddada dheer; tuubooyinka biyaha,FBE(budada epoxy-ga ee isku-xidhan) dahaarka ayaa la isticmaali karaa, halkagalvanizedDaaweyntu waxay noqon kartaa ikhtiyaar wax ku ool ah deegaannada looga baahan yahay ilaalinta daxalka zinc.
Iyada oo la adeegsanayo tiknoolajiyadan gaarka ah ee ilaalinta daxalka, cimriga adeegga ee tuubada si weyn ayaa loo kordhin karaa oo shaqadeedana la ilaalin karaa.
Saxnaan sare: Dulqaad cabbir yar marka loo eego tuubooyinka kale ee la alxamay.
Tayada dusha sare: Meelaha siman ayaa ku habboon codsiyada u baahan muuqaalka bilicda iyo cilladaha dusha sare ee ugu yar.
Xoog iyo cimri dherer: Habka sawir-qaadista qabowgu wuxuu xoojiyaa sifooyinka farsamada, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon codsiyada cadaadiska sare leh.
Mashiinka wax lagu farsameeyo: Way fududahay in la mashiiyo sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedkeeda isku midka ah iyo sifooyinkeeda joogtada ah ee ku baahsan agabka.
Warshadaha Gawaarida: si loogu sameeyo qaybaha muhiimka ah sida ulaha wadista, tuubooyinka nuugista, tiirarka isteerinka, iyo nidaamyada joojinta.
Qaybaha Hawada Sare: si loogu sameeyo bushings iyo qaybaha qaab-dhismeedka aan muhiimka ahayn ee diyaaradaha.
Mashiinnada warshadaha: Si ballaaran ayaa loogu isticmaalaa soo saarista shabaqyada, geerrada, iwm., sababtoo ah fududaynta farsamaynta iyo cimri dhererka.
Alaabada ciyaaraha: qaybaha qaab-dhismeedka sida qaababka baaskiiladaha ee waxqabadka sare leh iyo qalabka jimicsiga.
Waaxda tamarta: loo isticmaalo biraha ama qaybaha duubista ee loogu talagalay muraayadaha qorraxda.
Waxaan nahay mid ka mid ah soosaarayaasha iyo alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ugu horreeya ee tuubooyinka birta kaarboon ee la alxamay iyo tuubooyinka birta ee aan kala go 'lahayn ee ka socda Shiinaha, iyadoo leh noocyo badan oo tuubooyin bir ah oo tayo sare leh, waxaan ka go'an nahay inaan ku siino xalal buuxa oo tuubooyin bir ah.
Wixii faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan badeecada, fadlan xor u noqo inaad nala soo xiriirto, waxaan rajeyneynaa inaan kaa caawinno inaad hesho xulashooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah ee ugu fiican baahiyahaaga!
