ASTM A335 P91, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanASME SA335 P91, waa tuubo bir ah oo aan kala go 'lahayn oo ferritic ah oo loogu talagalay adeegga heerkulka sare, UNS No. K91560.
Waxay leedahay ugu yaraanxoogga jiidista ee 585 MPa(85 ksi) iyo ugu yaraanXoogga wax soo saarka ee 415 MPa(60 ksi).
P91inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin walxo isku-dhafan sida chromium iyo molybdenum, waxaana lagu daraa noocyo kala duwan oo walxo kale oo isku-dhafan, kuwaas oo ka tirsanbir daawaha sare leh, sidaa darteed waxay leedahay xoog aad u sarreeya iyo iska caabin aad u fiican oo daxalka ah.
Intaa waxaa dheer, P91 waxaa laga heli karaa laba nooc,Nooca 1aadiyoNooca 2aad, waxaana si caadi ah loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha korontada, warshadaha sifeynta, qalabka muhiimka ah ee xarumaha kiimikada, iyo tuubooyinka deegaannada heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska sare leh.
Tuubada birta ah ee P91 waxaa loo kala saaraa laba nooc, Nooca 1aad iyo Nooca 2aad.
Labada noocba waa isku mid marka la eego sifooyinka farsamada iyo shuruudaha kale sida daaweynta kulaylka,iyadoo ay jiraan farqi yar oo ku yimaada halabuurka kiimikada iyo diiradda saarista codsiga gaarka ah.
Halabuurka kiimikada: Marka la barbardhigo Nooca 1aad, isku-dhafka kiimikada ee Nooca 2aad waa mid aad u adag wuxuuna ka kooban yahay walxo badan oo isku-dhafan si ay u bixiyaan iska caabin kulaylka iyo daxalka oo wanaagsan.
Codsiyada: Sababtoo ah isku-dhafka kiimikada ee la hagaajiyay, Nooca 2 wuxuu ku habboon yahay heerkulka aadka u sarreeya ama deegaannada miridhku ka badan yahay, ama codsiyada halkaas oo loo baahan yahay xoog iyo cimri dherer sare.
Tuubada birta ah ee ASTM A335 waa inay noqotaa mid la isku halleyn karoaan kala go 'lahayn.
Habka wax soo saarka ee aan kala go 'lahayn waxaa loo kala saaraadhammaystir kululiyoqabow la soo galiyay.
Hoos waxaa ku qoran jaantuska habka dhammaystirka kulul.
Gaar ahaan, P91, oo ah tuubo bir ah oo tayo sare leh, oo inta badan loo isticmaalo deegaanno adag oo heerkul sare iyo cadaadis sare leh, tuubo bir ah oo aan kala go 'lahayn ayaa si isku mid ah loo cadaadiyaa waxaana laga dhigi karaa derbiyo qaro weyn leh, sidaas darteedna la hubiyo badbaado sare iyo kharash-oolnimo wanaagsan.
P91 Dhammaan tuubooyinka waa in lagu daaweeyaa kulaylka si loo wanaajiyo qaab-dhismeedka yar ee tuubada, loo hagaajiyo sifooyinkeeda farsamada, loona xoojiyo iska caabbinta heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska.
| Fasal | Nooca Daaweynta Kulaylka | Heerkulka Caadiga ah | Heerkulka Qaboojinta |
| P91 Nooca 1aad iyo Nooca 2aad | caadi u noqo oo dabeecad samee ama | 1900 - 1975 ℉ [1040 - 1080 ℃] | 1350 ~ 1470 ℉ [730 - 800 ℃] |
| demin iyo dabeecad | 1900 - 1975 ℉ [1040 - 1080 ℃] | 1350 - 1470 ℉ [730 - 800 ℃] |
Qaybaha Kiimikada ee P91 Nooca 1
| Fasal | Halabuurka, % | ||||||
| P91 Nooca 1 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo |
| 0.08 - 0.12 | 0.30 - 0.60 | 0.020 ugu badnaan | 0.010 ugu badnaan | 0.20 - 0.50 | 8.00 - 9.50 | 0.85 - 1.05 | |
| V | N | Ni | Al | Nb | Ti | Zr | |
| 0.18 - 0.25 | 0.030 - 0.070 | 0.40 ugu badnaan | 0.02 ugu badnaan | 0.06 - 0.10 | 0.01 ugu badnaan | 0.01 ugu badnaan | |
Qaybaha Kiimikada ee P91 Nooca 2
| Fasal | Halabuurka, % | ||||||
| Qaybaha Kiimikada ee Badeecada P91 Nooca 2 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo |
| 0.07 - 0.13 | 0.30 - 0.50 | 0.020 ugu badnaan | 0.005 ugu badnaan | 0.20 - 0.40 | 8.00 - 9.50 | 0.80 - 1.05 | |
| V | Ni | Al | N | Saamiga Ma'aha/Al | Nb | Ti | |
| 0.16 - 0.27 | 0.20 ugu badnaan | 0.02 ugu badnaan | 0.035 - 0.070 | ≥ 4.0 | 0.05 - 0.11 | 0.01 ugu badnaan | |
| Zr | Sn | Sb | As | B | W | Cu | |
| 0.01 ugu badnaan | 0.01 ugu badnaan | 0.003 ugu badnaan | 0.01 ugu badnaan | 0.001 ugu badnaan | 0.05 ugu badnaan | 0.10 ugu badnaan | |
Labada sawir ee kor ku xusan, way fududahay in la arko farqiga u dhexeeya walxaha kiimikada ee Nooca 1aad iyo Nooca 2aad iyo xaddidaadaha.
1. Hantida La Taagto
Tijaabada tensile-ka waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu cabbiroxoogga wax soo saarka, xoogga jiidista, iyodheeraynn ee barnaamijka tijaabada ah ee tuubada birta ah, waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa sifooyinka agabka ee tijaabada.
| P91 Nooca 1aad iyo Nooca 2aad | |||
| Xoogga jiidista | 85 ksi [585 MPa] daqiiqo | ||
| Xoogga wax soo saarka | 60 ksi [415 MPa] daqiiqo | ||
| Kordhinta | Shuruudaha Kordhinta | Longitudinal | Kala-goysyada |
| Kordhinta 2 inji ama 50 mm, (ama 4D), ugu yaraan, %; Dheeraynta ugu yar ee aasaasiga ah ee darbiga 6 inji [8 mm] iyo wixii ka weyn dhumucdiisa, tijaabooyinka xariijimaha, iyo dhammaan cabbirrada yaryar ee lagu tijaabiyay qayb buuxda | 20 | — | |
| Marka la isticmaalo dhererka cabbirka wareega 2-inji ama 50-mm ee caadiga ah ama muunad cabbirkeedu ka yar yahay saamiga oo leh dhererka cabbirka oo la mid ah 4D (4 jeer dhexroorka) | 20 | 13 | |
| Tijaabooyinka xarigga ah, dhimista 1/32 inji kasta [0.8 mm] ee dhumucda derbiga oo ka hooseysa 5/16 inji. [8 mm] laga bilaabo fidinta ugu yar ee aasaasiga ah ee dhibcaha boqolleyda soo socda waa in la sameeyaa. | 1 | — | |
2. Adkaanta
Noocyo kala duwan oo ah hababka tijaabada adag ayaa la isticmaali karaa, oo ay ku jiraan Vickers, Brinell, iyo Rockwell.
| Fasal | Brinell | Vickers | Rockwell |
| P91 Nooca 1aad iyo Nooca 2aad | 190 - 250 HBW | 196 - 265 HV | 91 HRBW - 25HRC |
Dhumucda derbiga <0.065 inji. [1.7 mm]: Looma baahna tijaabo adag;
0.065 inji [1.7 mm] ≤ dhumucda derbiga <0.200 inji. [5.1 mm]: Tijaabada adkaanta Rockwell waa in la isticmaalaa;
Dhumucda derbiga ≥ 0.200 inji [5.1 mm]: isticmaalka ikhtiyaariga ah ee tijaabada adkaanta Brinell ama tijaabada adkaanta Rockwell.
Tijaabada adag ee Vickers waxay khuseysaa dhammaan dhumucda derbiga ee tuubooyinka. Habka tijaabada waxaa loo sameeyaa iyadoo la raacayo shuruudaha E92.
3. Tijaabada Fiditaanka
Tijaabooyinka waa in la sameeyaa iyadoo la raacayo Qaybta 20aad ee heerka ASTM A999.
4. Tijaabada Laabista
Laab 180° heerkulka qolka, wax dildilaac ah kama muuqan doonaan dibadda qaybta qaloocan.
Cabbirka > NPS25 ama D/t ≥ 7.0: Tijaabada laabista waa in la sameeyaa iyada oo aan la samayn tijaabo siman.
5. Barnaamijyada Tijaabada Ikhtiyaarka ah ee P91
Shayada tijaabada ah ee soo socda looma baahna shayada tijaabada ah, haddii loo baahdo waxaa lagu go'aamin karaa gorgortan.
S1: Falanqaynta Badeecada
S3: Tijaabada Fiditaanka
S4: Tijaabooyinka Qaab-dhismeedka Birta iyo Qallajinta
S5: Sawir-qaadayaasha
S6: Sawir-qaadayaasha loogu talagalay Qaybaha Shakhsi ahaaneed
S7: Daaweynta Kulaylka Kale - Heerka P91 Nooca 1aad iyo Nooca 2aad
Tijaabada biyaha ee P91 waa inay u hoggaansanto shuruudaha soo socda.
Dhexroorka dibadda ＞10in. [250mm] iyo dhumucda derbiga ≤ 0.75in. [19mm]: tani waa inay noqotaa tijaabo hydrostatic ah.
Cabbirro kale oo loogu talagalay tijaabada korontada ee aan burburin.
Birta birta ah ee birta ah iyo tuubooyinka birta aan daxalka lahayn, derbiga waxaa la mariyaa cadaadis aan ka yarayn60% xoogga wax-soo-saarka ugu yar ee la cayimay.
Cadaadiska tijaabada biyaha waa in la ilaaliyaa ugu yaraan muddo 5siyada oo aan lahayn daadasho ama cillado kale.
Cadaadiska Haydarooligawaxaa lagu xisaabin karaa qaacidada:
P = 2St/D
P= cadaadiska tijaabada hydrostatic ee psi [MPa];
S = cadaadiska derbiga tuubada ee psi ama [MPa];
t = dhumucda derbiga la cayimay, dhumucda derbiga magac-u-yaalka ah sida ku cad lambarka jadwalka ANSI ee la cayimay ama 1.143 jeer dhumucda derbiga ugu yar ee la cayimay, gudaha [mm];
D = dhexroorka dibadda ee la cayimay, dhexroorka dibadda ee u dhigma cabbirka tuubada ANSI ee la cayimay, ama dhexroorka dibadda ee lagu xisaabiyo iyadoo lagu darayo 2t (sida kor ku xusan) dhexroorka gudaha ee la cayimay, gudaha [mm].
Tuubada P91 waxaa lagu baadhaa habka tijaabada E213. Heerka E213 wuxuu inta badan ku saabsan yahay baaritaanka ultrasonic (UT).
Haddii si gaar ah loogu cayimay kala horreynta, waxaa sidoo kale lagu baari karaa iyadoo la raacayo habka tijaabada E309 ama E570.
Heerka E309 badanaa wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa kormeerka elektromagnetic (eddy current), halka E570 uu yahay hab kormeer oo ku lug leh arraysyada hadda ee eddy.
Kala duwanaanshaha la oggol yahay ee dhexroorka
Tuubada loo dalbadaydhexroorka gudaha, dhexroorka gudaha waa inaanu ka badnayn ±1% marka loo eego dhexroorka gudaha ee la cayimay.
Tuubada ayaa la dalbadayNPS [DN] ama dhexroorka dibaddawaa inaysan kala duwanaan dhexroorka dibadda marka loo eego jaantusyada hoose.
Kala duwanaanshaha la oggol yahay ee dhumucda darbiga
Cabbiraadaha dhumucda derbiga waa in lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalabka farsamada ama qalabka tijaabada ee si habboon loo hagaajiyay ee aan burburinayn oo sax ah. Haddii ay dhacdo muran, cabbirka lagu go'aamiyay qalabka farsamada ayaa adkaan doona.
Dhumucda derbiga ugu yar iyo dhexroorka dibadda ee loogu talagalay kormeerka si loogu hoggaansamo shuruudahan tuubada ay dalbatay NPS [DN] iyo lambarka jadwalka waxaa lagu muujiyay halkanASME B36.10M.
Cilladaha
Cilladaha dusha sare waxaa loo arkaa cillado haddii ay ka badan yihiin 12.5% dhumucda derbiga magacaaban ama ay ka badan yihiin dhumucda derbiga ugu yar.
Cilladaha
Calaamadaha farsamada, xoqidda, iyo godadka, kuwaas oo cilladaha ka mid ah ay ka qoto dheer yihiin 1/16 inji. [1.6 mm].
Calaamadaha iyo xoqidda waxaa lagu qeexaa calaamadaha fiilooyinka, meelaha la jaray, calaamadaha hagaha, calaamadaha duubista, xoqidda kubbadda, dhibcaha, calaamadaha dhimasha, iyo wixii la mid ah.
Dayactir
Cilladaha waxaa lagu saari karaa shiidid, iyadoo la raacayo in dhumucda derbiga ee hartay aysan ka yarayn dhumucda ugu yar ee derbiga.
Dayactirka waxaa sidoo kale lagu samayn karaa alxanka laakiin waa inuu waafaqsanaadaa shuruudaha khuseeya ee A999.
Dhammaan alxanka dayactirka ee P91 waa in lagu sameeyaa mid ka mid ah hababka alxanka iyo waxyaabaha la isticmaalo ee soo socda: SMAW, A5.5/A5.5M E90XX-B9:SAW, A5.23/A5.23M EB9 + qulqulka dhexdhexaadka ah; GTAW, A5.28/A5.28M ER90S-B9; iyo FCAW A5.29/A5.29M E91TI-B9. Intaa waxaa dheer, wadarta guud ee Ni+Mn ee dhammaan walxaha alxanka ee loo isticmaalo hagaajinta alxanka P91 Nooca 1 iyo Nooca 2 waa inaysan dhaafin 1.0%.
Tuubada P91 waa in lagu kululeeyaa heerkul ah 1350-1470 °F [730-800 °C] ka dib marka la hagaajiyo alxanka.
Dusha sare ee tuubada birta ah ee la kormeeray waa inay ka koobnaataa walxaha soo socda:
Magaca soo saaraha ama calaamadda ganacsiga; lambarka caadiga ah; darajada; dhererka iyo calaamadda dheeraadka ah "S".
Calaamadaha cadaadiska hydrostatic-ka iyo tijaabada aan burburin ee jadwalka hoose waa in sidoo kale lagu daraa.
Haddii tuubada lagu hagaajiyo alxanka, waa in lagu calaamadeeyaa "WR".
p91 Nooca (Nooca 1 ama Nooca 2) waa in la tilmaamaa.
| ASME | ASTM | EN | GB |
| ASME SA335 P91 | ASTM A213 T91 | EN 10216-2 X10CrMoVNb9-1 | GB/T 5310 10Cr9Mo1VNbN |
Waxyaabahal: ASTM A335 P91 tuubo bir ah oo aan kala go 'lahayn;
OD: 1/8"- 24";
WT: sida waafaqsanASME B36.10shuruudaha;
Jadwalka: SCH10, SCH20, SCH30,SCH40, SCH60,SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 iyo SCH160;
Aqoonsiga:STD (caadiga ah), XS (aad u xoog badan), ama XXS (laba-laab xoog badan);
HabaynCabbirrada tuubooyinka aan caadiga ahayn ayaa sidoo kale la heli karaa, cabbirrada la habeeyey ayaa la heli karaa marka la codsado;
Dhererka: Dherer gaar ah iyo mid aan kala sooc lahayn;
Shahaadada IBR: Waxaan la xiriiri karnaa hay'adda kormeerka ee dhinac saddexaad si aan u helno shahaadada IBR iyadoo loo eegayo baahiyahaaga, ururada kormeerka iskaashiga waa BV, SGS, TUV, iwm.;
Dhammaad: Dhammaad fidsan, gees godan, ama tuubo isku dhafan;
Dusha sare: Tuubo khafiif ah, rinji, iyo ilaalin kale oo ku meel gaar ah, ka saarista iyo nadiifinta miridhku, dahaarka galvanized iyo balaastig ah, iyo ilaalin kale oo muddo dheer ah;
Baakad: Kiis alwaax ah, suunka birta ah ama baakad bir ah, ilaaliyaha dhammaadka tuubooyinka balaastikada ah ama birta ah, iwm.
