Mapaipi esimbi asina musono akakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: mapaipi esimbi asina musono anoputirwa nekupisa (extruded) uye mapaipi esimbi asina musono anodhonzwa nechando (cold-drawn) nekuda kwemaitiro awo akasiyana ekugadzira.
Ongororo yemaitiro: kutenderedza kunopisa (pombi yesimbi isina musono yakaburitswa): denderedzwa rechubhu billet → kupisa → kuboora → kutenderedza kwetatu-roll, kutenderedza kunoramba kuchienderera mberi kana kubuda → kubviswa kwechubhu → saizi (kana kuderedza) → kutonhora → chubhu billet.
Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwawo kwakasiyana, mapaipi esimbi asina musono akakamurwa kuita mhando dzinotevera: GB/T8162 (mapaipi esimbi asina musono ekuvaka), simbi yeCarbon Nhamba 20 nesimbi Nhamba 45; simbi yealloy Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo, nezvimwewo.
GB/T8163 (mapaipi esimbi asina musono ekutakura mvura). Inonyanya kushandiswa kutakura mapaipi emvura painjiniya nemidziyo mikuru. Zvinhu zvinomiririra (magiredhi) 20, Q345, nezvimwewo.
GB3087 (mapaipi esimbi asina musono emaboiler ane simba shoma nepakati). Inonyanya kushandiswa pamapaipi ekutakura mvura ine simba shoma nepakati mumaboiler emaindasitiri nemaboiler emumba. Zvinhu zvinomiririra isimbi Nhamba 10 neNhamba 20.
GB5310 (mapaipi esimbi asina musono emaboiler ane pressure yakakwira). Inonyanya kushandiswa pamaheaders emvura anotakurwa nekupisa kwakakwira uye ane pressure yakakwira uye mapaipi ari pamaboiler ari mumapower plant nemanuclear power plants. Zvinhu zvinomiririra 20G, 12Cr1MoVG, 15CrMoG, nezvimwewo.
GB5312 (mapaipi esimbi isina musono esimbi yekabhoni uye simbi yekabhoni-manganese yengarava). Inonyanya kushandiswa pamapaipi ekumanikidza eClass I neII emaboiler engarava nema superheaters. Zvinhu zvinomiririra 360, 410, 460 steel grades, nezvimwewo.
GB1479 (mapaipi esimbi asina musono emidziyo yefetereza ine simba guru). Inonyanya kushandiswa kutakura mapaipi emvura anodziya zvakanyanya uye ane simba guru pamidziyo yefetereza ine makemikari. Zvinhu zvinomiririra 20, 16Mn, 12CrMo, 12Cr2Mo, nezvimwewo.
GB9948 (mapaipi esimbi asina musono ekupwanya peturu). Inonyanya kushandiswa mumaboiler, ma heat exchangers nemapaipi ekutakura mvura muzvinyungudutsi zvepeturu. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa ne 20, 12CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, 1Cr19Ni11Nb nezvimwewo.
GB3093 (pombi yesimbi isina musono yeinjini yedhiziri). Inonyanya kushandiswa pamapombi emafuta ane simba repamusoro emajekiseni einjini yedhiziri. Pombi yesimbi inowanzova pombi inodhonzwa inotonhora, uye zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa i20A.
GB/T3639 (machubhu esimbi asina musono anodhonzwa kana kutonhora). Anonyanya kushandiswa pakuvaka michina nemidziyo yekudzvanya kabhoni, mapaipi esimbi anoda kunyatsojeka kwepamusoro-soro uye kupedzisa kwakanaka pamusoro. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa isimbi makumi maviri, makumi mana nemashanu nezvimwewo.
GB/T3094 (pombi yesimbi isina musono inodhonzwa inotonhora). Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvechivakwa, uye zvinhu zvayo isimbi yemhando yepamusoro yekabhoni uye simbi yechivakwa isina alloy yakawanda.
GB/T8713 (Machubhu esimbi asina musono emukati medhayamita chaiyo yemasilinda ehydraulic nepneumatic). Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira mapaipi esimbi asina musono anodhonzwa kana kutonhora ane dhayamita chaiyo yemukati yemasilinda ehydraulic nepneumatic. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa isimbi makumi maviri, makumi mana nemashanu nezvimwewo.
GB13296 (machubhu asina musono esimbi isina ngura emabhaira uye ekuchinjana kupisa). Inonyanya kushandiswa mumabhoira, ma superheater, ma heat exchangers, ma condenser, ma catalytic tubes, nezvimwewo zvemabhizinesi emakemikari. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa ndeizvi: 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, nezvimwewo.
GB/T14975 (pombi yesimbi isina musono yesimbi inoshandiswa pakuvaka). Inonyanya kushandiswa pakuvaka kwakajairika (kushongedza hotera, resitorendi) uye chimiro chemakemikari chebhizinesi chinodzivirira mhepo, ngura ine acid uye pombi yesimbi ine simba rakati. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa ndeizvi: 0-3Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, nezvimwewo.
GB/T14976 (pombi yesimbi isina musono yesimbi isingasvibi yekutakura mvura). Inonyanya kushandiswa pamapaipi anotumira zvinhu zvinoparadza. Zvinhu zvinomiririra 0Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr17Ni12Mo2, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, nezvimwewo.
YB/T5035 (machubhu esimbi asina musono emakasi emugodhi wemotokari). Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira machubhu esimbi yemhando yepamusoro ine carbon structural steel uye alloy structural steel ine musono inopfurwa nekupisa yemakasi emota ine half-axle uye machubhu emakasi edrive axle. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa zvinosanganisira 45, 45Mn2, 40Cr, 20CrNi3A nezvimwewo.
API SPEC5CT (Casing and Tubing Specification) inounganidzwa uye inoburitswa neAmerican Petroleum Institute (American Petreleum Institute, inonzi "API") uye inowanzoshandiswa pasi rese.
Pakati pazvo, keji: pombi inotangira pasi ichipinda mugomba serimwe madziro etsime, uye mapaipi akabatanidzwa nemakora. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinosanganisira magiredhi esimbi akadai seJ55, N80, naP110, uye magiredhi esimbi akadai seC90 naT95 anodzivirira ngura yehydrogen sulfide.
Pombi yemafuta: Pombi inopinzwa mubhokisi kubva pasi kusvika pachikamu chemafuta, uye mapaipi akabatana nekubatanidza kana kuti pamwe chete. Zvinhu zvikuru ndiJ55, N80, P110, uye mhando dzesimbi dzakadai seC90 neT95 dzinoramba hydrogen sulfide corrosion. API SPEC 5L (Line Pipe Specification), yakaunganidzwa uye yakaburitswa neAmerican Petroleum Institute, inowanzoshandiswa pasi rese. Pombi yemutsetse: ndeyekutakura mafuta, gasi kana mvura kubva mugomba kuenda kuindasitiri yemafuta negasi kuburikidza nepombi yemutsetse.
Mapaipi emutsetse ane mapaipi asina musono uye akasungirirwa, uye magumo emapaipi ane magumo akatsetseka, magumo ane shinda uye magumo emasokisi; nzira dzekubatanidza ndedzekushongedza magumo, kubatana kwekora, kubatana kwemasokisi, nezvimwewo. Chinhu chikuru chepaipi iyi ndiB, X42, X56, X65, X70 nedzimwe mhando dzesimbi.
Nzvimbo dzisina chinhu dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira mapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa isimbi kana kuti simbi yakasungirirwa. Nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye maitiro adzo, mapaipi akasungirirwa akakamurwa kuita mapaipi akasungirirwa mufurnace, mapaipi emagetsi akasungirirwa (resistance welding) uye mapaipi akasungirirwa otomatiki. Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chekupedzisira, yakakamurwa kuita mapaipi akasungirirwa akatenderera uye mapaipi akasungirirwa akaumbwa nechimiro chakasarudzika (square, flat, etc.) ezvinangwa zvakasiyana, uye yakakamurwa kuita mhando dzinotevera:
GB/T3091 (pombi yesimbi yakasungirirwa negalvanized yekutumira mvura ine simba shoma). Inonyanya kushandiswa kutakura mvura, gasi, mhepo, mafuta uye kupisa mvura inopisa kana utsi nezvimwe zvinwiwa zvine simba shoma nezvimwe zvinangwa. Chinhu chayo chinomiririra isimbi yemhando yeQ235A.
GB/T3092 (pombi yesimbi yakasungirirwa negalvanized yekutumira mvura ine simba shoma). Inonyanya kushandiswa kutakura mvura, gasi, mhepo, mafuta uye kupisa mvura inopisa kana utsi nezvimwe zvinwiwa zvine simba shoma nezvimwe zvinangwa. Chinhu chayo chinomiririra ndeichi: simbi yemhando yeQ235A.
GB/T14291 (mapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa ekutakura mvura yemugodhi). Inonyanya kushandiswa pamapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa akasungirirwa akasungirirwa emhepo yakamanikidzwa yemugodhi, drainage, uye gasi rinoburitsa shaft. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririra isimbi yeQ235A neB grade.
GB/T14980 (Mapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa nemagetsi ane dhayamita hombe ekutumira mvura ine simba shoma). Anonyanya kushandiswa kutakura mvura, tsvina, gasi, mhepo, utsi hwekudziisa nezvimwe zvinwiwa zvine simba shoma nezvimwe zvinangwa. Chinhu chayo chinomiririra isimbi yemhando yeQ235A.
GB/T12770 (mapaipi esimbi asina ngura akasungirirwa ezvivakwa zvemakanika). Anonyanya kushandiswa mumichina, mota, mabhasikoro, fenicha, kushongedza mahotera neresitorendi nezvimwe zvikamu zvemakanika uye zvikamu zvezvivakwa. Zvinhu zvayo zvinomiririrwa ndeizvi: 0Cr13, 1Cr17, 00Cr19Ni11, 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr18Ni11Nb, nezvimwewo.
GB/T12771 (mapaipi esimbi asina ngura akasungirirwa ekutakura mvura). Zvinhu zvinomiririra 0Cr13, 0Cr19Ni9, 00Cr19Ni11, 00Cr17, 0Cr18Ni11Nb, 0017Cr17Ni14Mo2, nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-14-2023