Q345 isimbi. Isimbi ine alloy shoma (C<0.2%), inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvaka, mabhiriji, mota, ngarava, midziyo inomanikidza, nezvimwewo. Q inomiririra simba reiyi midziyo, uye inotevera 345 inoreva kukosha kweiyi midziyo, inova inenge 345 MPa. Uye kukosha kweiyi midziyo kuchaderera nekuwedzera kweukobvu hwemidziyo.
Q345 ine hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika, kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa kwakaderera, purasitiki yakanaka uye kugona kusveta, uye inoshandiswa sezvivakwa, zvikamu zvemakanika, zvivakwa, zvikamu zvesimbi zvemukati, zvinopisa kana zvakajairwa, zvinogona kushandiswa muzvivakwa zvakasiyana munzvimbo dzinotonhora dziri pasi pe -40°C.
Kupatsanura
Q345 inogona kukamurwa kuita Q345A,Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E zvichienderana negiredhi. Zvavanomiririra kunyanya tembiricha yekuvhunduka.
Q345A level, hapana mhedzisiro;
Q345B level, 20 degrees normal tembiricha inokanganisa;
Nhamba yeQ345C, inokanganisa madhigirii 0;
Nhamba yeQ345D, inokanganisa madhigirii -20;
Q345E level, inokanganisa madhigirii -40.
Pakupisa kwakasiyana-siyana kweshock, kukosha kweshock kwakasiyanawo.
kuumbwa kwemakemikari
Q345A：C≤0.20,Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.045，S≤0.045，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345B：C≤0.20， Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.040，S≤0.040，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345C：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.035，S≤0.035，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345D：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.030，S≤0.030，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345E：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.025，S≤0.025，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
vs. 16Mn
Simbi yeQ345 inotsiva mhando dzekare dze12MnV, 14MnNb, 18Nb, 16MnRE, 16Mn nedzimwe mhando dzesimbi, kwete kungotsiva simbi ye16Mn chete. Panyaya yemakemikari, 16Mn neQ345 zvakasiyanawo. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, pane musiyano mukuru muhukuru hweboka resimbi mbiri zvichienderana nekusiyana kwesimba rekugadzira, uye izvi zvichakonzera shanduko mukumanikidzwa kunobvumirwa kwezvinhu zvine ukobvu hwakati. Saka, hazvina kukodzera kungoshandisa kumanikidzwa kunobvumirwa kwesimbi ye16Mn kusimbi yeQ345, asi kumanikidzwa kunobvumirwa kunofanira kusarudzwazve zvichienderana nehukuru hweboka resimbi itsva.
Chikamu chezvinhu zvikuru zviri musimbi yeQ345 chakafanana nechesimbi ye16Mn, musiyano ndewekuti zvinhu zvetrace alloy zveV, Ti neNb zvinowedzerwa. Zvinhu zvishoma zveV, Ti, neNb zvinogona kunatsa tsanga, kuvandudza kusimba kwesimbi, uye kuvandudza zvikuru hunhu hwesimbi. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitawo kuti ukobvu hweplate yesimbi huwedzere kukura. Saka, hunhu hwesimbi yeQ345 hunofanira kunge huri nani pane simbi ye16Mn, kunyanya kushanda kwayo kwekupisa kwakaderera hakuwanikwe musimbi ye16Mn. Kushushikana kunobvumirwa kwesimbi yeQ345 kwakakwira zvishoma pane kwesimbi ye16Mn.
kuenzanisa mashandiro
Q345Dpombi isina musonohunhu hwemakanika:
Simba rekusimba: 490-675 Simba rekusimba: ≥345 Kureba: ≥22
Q345Bpombi isina musonohunhu hwemakanika:
Simba rekusimba: 490-675 Simba rekusimba: ≥345 Kureba: ≥21
Q345A ine musono pombi michina:
Simba rekusimba: 490-675 Simba rekusimba: ≥345 Kureba: ≥21
Q345C musono pombi michina hunhu:
Simba rekusimba: 490-675 Simba rekusimba: ≥345 Kureba: ≥22
Q345E musono pombi michina hunhu:
Simba rekusimba: 490-675 Simba rekusimba: ≥345 Kureba: ≥22
Nhevedzano yeZvigadzirwa
Simbi yeQ345D kana ichienzaniswa nesimbi yeQ345A, B, C. Tembiricha yekuyedza yesimba rekupisa kwakaderera yakaderera. Kushanda zvakanaka. Huwandu hwezvinhu zvinokuvadza P naS hwakaderera pane hweQ345A, B naC. Mutengo wemusika wakakwira kupfuura Q345A, B, C.
Tsanangudzo yeQ345D:
① Yakagadzirwa neQ + nhamba + chiratidzo chegiredhi remhando yepamusoro + chiratidzo chenzira yekubvisa oxidation. Nhamba yayo yesimbi inotungamirwa ne "Q", iyo inomiririra poindi yekukohwa yesimbi, uye nhamba iri shure kwayo inomiririra kukosha kwepoindi yekukohwa muMPa. Semuenzaniso, Q235 inomiririra simbi yakagadzirwa nekabhoni ine poindi yekukohwa (σs) ye235 MPa.
②Kana zvichidikanwa, chiratidzo chinoratidza giredhi remhando uye nzira yekubvisa oxidation chinogona kunyorwa seri kwenhamba yesimbi. Zviratidzo zvemhando yepamusoro ndiA, B, C, D zvichiteerana. Chiratidzo chenzira yekubvisa oxidation: F zvinoreva simbi inofashaira; b zvinoreva simbi yakaurayiwa zvishoma; Z zvinoreva simbi yakaurayiwa; TZ zvinoreva simbi yakaurayiwa chaiyo, uye simbi yakaurayiwa haigone kunyorwa nezviratidzo, kureva kuti, Z neTZ zvinogona kusiiwa. Semuenzaniso, Q235-AF zvinoreva simbi inofashaira yeGiredhi A.
③ Simbi yekabhoni inoshandiswa pazvinangwa zvakakosha, zvakaita sesimbi yebhiriji, simbi yemugungwa, nezvimwewo, inoshandisa nzira yekutaura yesimbi yekabhoni, asi bhii rinoratidza chinangwa rinowedzerwa pakupera kwenhamba yesimbi.
Sumo yezvinhu
| chinhu | C≤ | Mn | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ | Al≥ | V | Nb | Ti |
| zvemukati | 0.2 | 1.0-1.6 | 0.55 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 0.02-0.15 | 0.015-0.06 | 0.02-0.2 |
Hunhu hwemakanika hweQ345C ndehwekuti (%):
| Chiratidzo chezvivakwa zvemakanika | Kureba (%) | Tembiricha yekuyedza 0℃ | Simba rekusimba reMPa | Poindi yekubereka MPa≥ |
| kukosha | δ5≥22 | J≥34 | σb(470-650) | σ (324-259) |
Kana ukobvu hwemadziro huri pakati pe16-35mm, σs≥325Mpa; kana ukobvu hwemadziro huri pakati pe35-50mm, σs≥295Mpa
2. Hunhu hwekuwedera hwesimbi yeQ345
2.1 Kuverengwa kweakaenzana nekabhoni (Ceq)
Ceq=C+Mn/6+Ni/15+Cu/15+Cr/5+Mo/5+V/5
Verengai Ceq=0.49%, inopfuura 0.45%, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mashandiro ekunamira esimbi yeQ345 haana kunaka, uye matanho akasimba etekinoroji anofanira kugadzirwa panguva yekunamira.
2.2 Matambudziko anowanzoitika musimbi yeQ345 panguva yekunamira
2.2.1 Kuoma kwenzvimbo inobatwa nekupisa
Munguva yekupinza nekutonhodza simbi yeQ345, chivakwa chemartensite chakadzima chinogadzirwa zviri nyore munzvimbo ine kupisa, izvo zvinowedzera kuomarara uye zvinoderedza kuchena kwenzvimbo iri pedyo nepamusono. Mugumisiro wacho unova kuputika mushure mekupinza.
2.2.2 Kunzwa kwechando nekuputika kweganda
Mipata yekunamira yesimbi yeQ345 inonyanya kuva mipata inotonhora.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-20-2023