Zvinhu zvikuru zvekuongorora mhando uye nzira dzekushandisamapaipi asina musono:
1. Tarisa saizi uye chimiro chepombi yesimbi
(1) Kuongorora ukobvu hwemadziro epombi yesimbi: micrometer, ultrasonic thickness gauge, kwete pasi pemapoinzi masere kumativi ese uye rekodhi.
(2) Kuongorora dhayamita yekunze kwepombi yesimbi uye denderedzwa reoval: magauge ecalliper, macaliper evernier, uye magauge ering ekuyera mapoinzi makuru nemadiki.
(3) Kuongororwa kwehurefu hwepombi yesimbi: tepi yesimbi, nemaoko, kuyerwa kwehurefu otomatiki.
(4) Kuongororwa kwedanho rekukombama kwepombi yesimbi: ruler, level ruler (1m), feeler gauge, uye mutsetse mutete wekuyera dhigirii rekukombama pamita imwe neimwe uye dhigirii rekukombama rakazara.
(5) Kuongororwa kwekona yebevel uye mupendero wakapfava wepamucheto wepombi yesimbi: square ruler, clamping plate.
2. Kuongororwa kwemhando yepamusoro yemapaipi asina musono
(1) Kuongorora nemaoko: kana paine chiedza chakanaka, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa, ruzivo rwekutarisa, tendeudza pombi yesimbi kuti unyatsoongorora. Nzvimbo dzemukati nedzekunze dzepombi dzesimbi dzisina musono hadzibvumirwi kuva nematombo, mavanga, kupeta uye kupatsanurwa.
(2) Kuedza kusingakuvadzi kuongorora:
a. Kuona zvikanganiso zveUltrasonic UT: Inonzwa zvikanganiso zvepadenga nemukati mezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine zvinhu zvakafanana.
b. Eddy current testing ET (electromagnetic induction) inonyanya kukanganiswa nezvikanganiso zvakaita semaburi.
c. Kuyedzwa kweMagnetic Particle MT neFlux Leakage: Kuyedzwa kweMagnetic kwakakodzera kuona zvikanganiso zvepamusoro nepedyo pezvinhu zve ferromagnetic.
d. Kuona zvikanganiso zve electromagnetic ultrasonic: Hapana nzira yekubatanidza inodiwa, uye inogona kushandiswa pakuona zvikanganiso pamusoro pepombi yesimbi inodziya zvakanyanya, inomhanya zvakanyanya, uye isina kurongeka.
e. Kuona zvikanganiso zvinopinda: kupenya, kupenda, kuona zvikanganiso pamusoro pepombi yesimbi.
3. Kuongorora kuumbwa kwemakemikari:kuongorora makemikari, kuongorora zvishandiso (chishandiso che CS che infrared, spectrometer yekuverenga zvakananga, NO chishandiso, nezvimwewo).
(1) Chishandiso cheInfrared CS: Ongorora maferroalloys, zvinhu zvekugadzira simbi, uye zvinhu zveC neS musimbi.
(2) Spektrometa yekuverenga zvakananga: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni, Cn, Al, W, V, Ti, B, Nb, As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi muzviyero zvakawanda.
(3) Chishandiso cheN-0: kuongorora huwandu hwegasi N, O.
4. Kuongorora mashandiro ekutarisira simbi
(1) Kuedza kwekukwesha: kuyera kushushikana uye kuchinja, kuona simba (YS, TS) uye plasticity index (A, Z) yezvinhu. Chikamu chepombi yemuenzaniso werefu uye wakachinjika, chimiro che arc, muenzaniso wedenderedzwa (￠10, ￠12.5) dhayamita diki, madziro matete, dhayamita hombe, daro rakakora rekuenzanisa madziro. Cherechedza: Kureba kwemuenzaniso mushure mekutyoka kwakabatana nehukuru hwemuenzaniso GB/T 1760
(2) Kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro: CVN, notch C mhando, V mhando, basa J kukosha J/cm2 sampuro yakajairwa 10×10×55 (mm) sampuro isiri yakajairwa 5×10×55 (mm).
(3) Kuedza kuomarara: Kuomarara kweBrinell HB, Kuomarara kweRockwell HRC, Kuomarara kweVickers HV, nezvimwewo.
(4) Kuedza kweHydraulic: kumanikidzwa kwekuyedza, nguva yekudzikamisa kumanikidzwa, p=2Sδ/D.
5. Pombi yesimbi isina musonokuongorora mashandiro emaitiro
(1) Bvunzo yekutsvedza: sampuro yakatenderera sampuro yakaita seC (S/D>0.15) H=(1+2)S/(∝+S/D) L=40～100mm, deformation coefficient pahurefu hweyuniti=0.07～0.08
(2) Kuedza kudhonza mhete: L=15mm, hapana mutswe unokodzera
(3) Kuedza kupenya nekukombama: pakati pekupisa 30°, 40°, 60°
(4) Bvunzo yekukombama: Inogona kutsiva bvunzo yekutatamura (yemapaipi ane dhayamita hombe)
6. Kuongororwa kwesimbipombi isina musono
Bvunzo rekuwedzera bvudzi (kuongorora microscopic), bvunzo rekuwedzera bvudzi (kuongorora macroscopic) bvunzo rebvudzi rakaita seshongwe kuti riongorore saizi yetsanga yezvinhu zvisina simbi, kuratidza tissue ine density yakaderera uye zvikanganiso (zvakadai sekureruka, kupatsanurwa, mabubbles ari pasi pevhu, nezvimwewo), uye kuongorora huwandu, kureba uye kupararira kwemitsara yebvudzi.
Maumbirwo ekukura kushoma (macro): Mavara machena anoonekwa nemaziso, zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa, mabubbles ari pasi peganda, kutendeuka kweganda uye kuchenesa hazvibvumirwi pazvidimbu zvekuongorora kukura kushoma zvemapaipi esimbi asina musono.
Kurongeka kwesimba guru (microscopic): Ongorora nemaikorosikopu yemaerekitironi ane simba guru. Kuedza mupendero webvudzi weTower: edza huwandu, kureba uye kupararira kwependero yebvudzi.
Boka rega rega remapaipi esimbi asina musono anopinda mufekitori rinofanira kunge riine chitupa chemhando yepamusoro chinoratidza kuti zviri mukati meboti remapaipi esimbi asina musono zvakavimbika.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-18-2023