ASTM A519Machubhu anofanira kugadzirwa nenzira isina musono uye anofanira kupedzwa nekupisa kana kutonhora sezvakatsanangurwa.
Kune machubhu akatenderera ane dhayamita yekunze isingapfuure 325 mm.
Machubhu esimbi anogonawo kugadzirwa mumativi mana, mumakona mana, kana mamwe maumbirwo sezvinodiwa.
ASTM A519 inogona kupatsanurwa zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimbi:Simbi yeKabhoniuye Simbi yeAlloy.
Simbi yekabhoniyakakamurwa kuitaKabhoni Yakaderera MT(Machubhu eMichina),Simbi Yekabhoni YakawandauyeYakabviswa sulfuri kana kuti Yakagadziriswazve phosphori, kana zvese zviri zviviriSimbi yeKabhoni, kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvemaindasitiri uye mamiriro ekushandiswa.
Kana pasina giredhi rakatarwa, vagadziri vane sarudzo yekupaMT1015 kana MTX1020magiredhi.
Dhayamita yekunze: 13.7 - 325 mm;
Ukobvu hwemadziro: 2-100mm.
Simbi inogona kugadzirwa nechero nzira.
Simbi inogona kuumbwa muzvikamu zvesimbi kana kuti inogona kuumbwa netambo.
Machubhu anofanira kugadzirwa nemaitiro asina musonouye inofanira kunge yakapedzwa nekupisa kana kuti yakatonhora, sezvakatsanangurwa.
Machubhu esimbi asina musono machubhu asina misono yakasungirirwa mukati.
Machubhu akapera nechandoZvinokurudzirwa kuti zvive zvakakosha pakururama kwehukuru hwechiso uye kunaka kwechinhu chacho.
Chinhu chikuru chinotarisirwa kushanda zvakanaka kwemari uye kusimba kwezvinhu,pombi yesimbi inopisainogona kunge iri sarudzo yakakodzera.
Chinotevera ndechekugadzira pombi yesimbi isina musono inopfurwa nekupisa.
Mugadziri wesimbi anofanira kuongorora kupisa kwesimbi yega yega kuti aone huwandu hwezvinhu zvakatarwa.
Tafura 1 Zvinodiwa neMakemikari eSimbi Dzisina Kabhoni Yakawanda
Simbi isina kusimba isimbi ine kabhoni yakawanda isingapfuure 0.25%. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwekabhoni shoma, simbi iyi ine ductility iri nani uye inochinjika uye haina kuomarara uye yakasimba zvishoma kana ichienzaniswa nesimbi ine kabhoni yakawanda.
Tafura 2 Zvinodiwa neMakemikoro eSimbi dzeKabhoni
Simbi dzekabhoni dziri pakati nepakati: Zvine kabhoni iri pakati pe0.25% ne0.60%, zvinopa kuomarara nesimba uye zvinoda kurapwa nekupisa kuti zvivandudze hunhu hwazvo.
Simbi ine kabhoni yakawanda: Ine kabhoni iri pakati pe0.60% ne1.0% kana kupfuura, uye inopa kuomarara kwakanyanya uye simba, asi kuomarara kwakaderera.
Tafura 3 Zvinodiwa zveMakemikari zveSimbi dzeAlloy
Tafura 4 Zvinodiwa neMakemikari eSimbi dzeCarbon dzakagadziriswazve kana dzakagadziriswazve, kana kuti dzose dziri mbiri
TABHURA 5 Kuongororwa Kwechigadzirwa Kushivirira Kupfuura kana Kuderera Kwenzvimbo Yakatarwa kana Muganho
Mugadziri anofanira kungokumbirwa kuti aongorore chigadzirwa kana zvichidikanwa neodha.
ASTM A519 inosanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera zvekuedza:
Kuyedzwa Kwekuoma; Kuyedzwa Kwekuneta; Kuyedzwa Kusingaparadze; Kuyedzwa Kwekupfuta; Kuchena Kwesimbi Uye Kusimba Kwayo.
| Kusarudzwa kweGiredhi | Rudzi rwepombi | Mamiriro | Simba Rinokosha | Simba reGoho | Kureba mu 2in.[50mm],% | Rockwell, Chiyero cheKuoma B | ||
| ksi | Mpa | ksi | Mpa | |||||
| 1020 | Simbi yeKabhoni | HR | 50 | 345 | 32 | 220 | 25 | 55 |
| CW | 70 | 485 | 60 | 415 | 5 | 75 | ||
| SR | 65 | 450 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 72 | ||
| A | 48 | 330 | 28 | 195 | 30 | 50 | ||
| N | 55 | 380 | 34 | 235 | 22 | 60 | ||
| 1025 | Simbi yeKabhoni | HR | 55 | 380 | 35 | 240 | 25 | 60 |
| CW | 75 | 515 | 65 | 450 | 5 | 80 | ||
| SR | 70 | 485 | 55 | 380 | 8 | 75 | ||
| A | 53 | 365 | 30 | 205 | 25 | 57 | ||
| N | 55 | 380 | 35 | 250 | 22 | 60 | ||
| 1035 | Simbi yeKabhoni | HR | 65 | 450 | 40 | 275 | 20 | 72 |
| CW | 85 | 585 | 75 | 515 | 5 | 88 | ||
| SR | 75 | 515 | 65 | 450 | 8 | 80 | ||
| A | 60 | 415 | 33 | 230 | 25 | 67 | ||
| N | 65 | 450 | 40 | 275 | 20 | 72 | ||
| 1045 | Simbi yeKabhoni | HR | 75 | 515 | 45 | 310 | 15 | 80 |
| CW | 90 | 620 | 80 | 550 | 5 | 90 | ||
| SR | 80 | 550 | 70 | 485 | 8 | 85 | ||
| A | 65 | 450 | 35 | 240 | 20 | 72 | ||
| N | 75 | 515 | 48 | 330 | 15 | 80 | ||
| 1050 | Simbi yeKabhoni | HR | 80 | 550 | 50 | 345 | 10 | 85 |
| SR | 82 | 565 | 70 | 485 | 6 | 86 | ||
| A | 68 | 470 | 38 | 260 | 18 | 74 | ||
| N | 75 | 540 | 50 | 345 | 12 | 82 | ||
| 1118 | Yakagadziriswazve nesulfure kana kuti yakagadziriswazve, kana kuti zvose zviri zviviri, Simbi dzeKabhoni | HR | 50 | 345 | 35 | 240 | 25 | 55 |
| CW | 75 | 515 | 60 | 415 | 5 | 80 | ||
| SR | 70 | 485 | 55 | 380 | 8 | 75 | ||
| A | 80 | 345 | 30 | 205 | 25 | 55 | ||
| N | 55 | 380 | 35 | 240 | 20 | 60 | ||
| 1137 | Yakagadziriswazve nesulfure kana kuti yakagadziriswazve, kana kuti zvose zviri zviviri, Simbi dzeKabhoni | HR | 70 | 485 | 40 | 275 | 20 | 75 |
| CW | 80 | 550 | 65 | 450 | 5 | 85 | ||
| SR | 75 | 515 | 60 | 415 | 8 | 80 | ||
| A | 65 | 450 | 35 | 240 | 22 | 72 | ||
| N | 70 | 485 | 43 | 295 | 15 | 75 | ||
| 4130 | Simbi dzeAlloy | HR | 90 | 620 | 70 | 485 | 20 | 89 |
| SR | 105 | 725 | 85 | 585 | 10 | 95 | ||
| A | 75 | 515 | 55 | 380 | 30 | 81 | ||
| N | 90 | 620 | 60 | 415 | 20 | 89 | ||
| 4140 | Simbi dzeAlloy | HR | 120 | 825 | 90 | 620 | 15 | 100 |
| SR | 120 | 825 | 100 | 690 | 10 | 100 | ||
| A | 80 | 550 | 60 | 415 | 25 | 85 | ||
| N | 120 | 825 | 90 | 620 | 20 | 100 | ||
HR-Yakaputirwa neHot, CW-Yakashanda Nechando, SR-Yakaderedzwa Kushushikana, A-Yakaderedzwa uye N-Yakajairwa.
Kushivirira kweDhayamita yeKunze
Tafura 6 Kushivirira kweDhayamita yeKunzeyeTubing Yakatenderedzwa Inopisa
Tafura 12 Kushivirira kwedhayamita yekunze kweTubhu Isina Musono Pasi
| Saizi Dhayamita Yekunze, mukati.[mm] | Kushivirira kwedhayamita yekunze kwehukuru nehurefu zvakapihwa, mu. [mm] | |||
| Kupera | Pasi | Kupera | Pasi | |
| OD≤1 1/4 [31.8] | 0.003 [0.08] kana L≤16ft[4.9m] | 0.000 | 0.004 [0.10] kana L ＞16ft[4.9m] | 0.000 |
| 1 1/4 [31.8]＜ OD ≤2[50.8] | 0.005 [0.13] kana L≤16ft[4.9m] | 0.000 | 0.006 [0.15] kana L ＞16ft[4.9m] | 0.000 |
| 2 [50.8]＜ OD ≤3 [76.2] | 0.005 [0.13] kana L≤12ft[3.7m] | 0.000 | 0.006 [0.15] kana L≤16ft[4.9m] | 0.000 |
| 3 [76.2]＜ OD ≤4 [101.6] | 0.006 [0.15] kana L≤12ft[3.7m] | 0.000 | 0.006 [0.15] kana L≤16ft[4.9m] | 0.000 |
Kushivirira Ukobvu hweMadziro
Tafura 7 Kushivirira kweMadziro UkobvuyeTubing Yakatenderedzwa Inopisa
Tafura 10 Kushivirira kweMadziro UkobvuyeTubhu Yakatenderera Inoshanda Nechando
| Ukobvu hwemadziro hwakasiyana-siyana se Percent yedhayamita yekunze | Kushivirira kweMadziro Ukobvu Pamusoro nePasi peZita, % | |
| OD≤1.499in[38.07mm] | OD≥1.500 mu [38.10mm] | |
| OD/WT≤25 | 10.0 | 7.5 |
| OD/WT ＞25 | 12.5 | 10.0 |
Kushivirira kwedhayamita yekunze neyemukati
Tafura 8 Kushivirira kwedhayamita yekunze neyemukati yeTubhu Yakatenderera Yakatonhora (Zvikamu zveInch)
Tafura 9 Kushivirira kweDhayamita yeKunze neMukatiyeTubing Yakatenderera Yakatonhora (SI Units)
Kushivirira kweDhayamita yeKunze uye Ukobvu hweMadziro
Tafura 11 Dhayamita Yekunze uye Kushivirirana KwemadziroyeMachubhu eSimbi Isina Musono Akapindurwa
| Saizi Yakatarwa Dhayamita Yekunze, mu. [mm] | Dhayamita yekunze, mu. [mm] | Ukobvu hwemadziro, % |
| ＜6 3/4 [171.4] | ±0.005 [0.13] | ±12.5 |
| 6 3/4 - 8 [171.4 - 203.2] | ±0.010 [0.25] | ±12.5 |
Kushivirira Kwehurefu
Tafura 13 Kureba KushivirirayeTubhingi Rinopedzwa Nekupisa Kana Kutonhora
Kushivirira Kwakatwasuka
Tafura 14 Kushivirira KwakatwasukayeSeamless Round Mechanical Tubing
Pombi inofanira kuputirwa nemafuta asati aumbwa kuti isaita ngura.
Mafuta ekudzivirira ngura anogonawo kuiswa pamusoro pemukati nekunze kwepombi.
Ndege nendege: kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita semainjini endege uye masisitimu ekutsigira zvitundumuseremusere.
Indasitiri yesimba: michina yekuboorera uye kugadzirwa kwemapombi ebhoyira ane simba guru.
Kugadzira michina nemidziyo: Zvikamu zvikuru zvinoumba michina nemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana yeindasitiri.
Midziyo yemitambo: Kugadzirwa kwemafuremu emabhasikoro anoshanda zvakanaka nedzimwe nzvimbo dzemitambo.
Kuvaka nekuvaka: zvinhu zvinotsigira zvivakwa uye mashandisirwo azvo munzvimbo dzine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.
1. EN 10297-1: E355, 25CrMo4, 42CrMo4, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kutorwa sezvakaenzana nemamwe masimbi ekabhoni nesimbi dzesimbi dziri muASTM A519.
2. DIN 1629: St52, St37.4, nezvimwewo. Kazhinji zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira nekugadzira, izvi zvakafanana nesimbi dzakapfava dziri muASTM A519.
3. JIS G3445: STKM13A, STKM13B, nezvimwewo. Aya machubhu esimbi yekabhoni anoshandiswa pamabasa emakanika uye ekuvaka.
4. BS 6323: CFS 3, CFS 4, CFS 8, nezvimwewo. Aya machubhu esimbi asina musono uye akasungirirwa ekushandisa mumotokari, makanika, uye mainjiniya akajairika.
5. GB/T 8162:20#, 45#, 40Cr, 20CrMo, nezvimwewo. Machubhu nemapombi esimbi asina musono ekuvaka kwakajairika uye kuvaka kwemakanika.
6. ISO 683-17:100Cr6, nezvimwewo, zvinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira mabheyaringi, zvinogonawo kushandiswa muinjiniya yemakanika uye zvine mashandisirwo akafanana nemamwe masimbi eASTM A519.
Pakusarudza chinhu chakaenzana nacho, zvakakosha kutarisa kuumbwa kwakadzama kwemakemikari uye hunhu hwemakanika kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chinhu chakasarudzwa chichazadzisa zvinodiwa zvekushanda kwechinhu ichocho.
Kubva payakatangwa muna 2014, Botop Steel yave kambani inotungamira mukutengesa mapaipi esimbi yekabhoni kuChamhembe kweChina, inozivikanwa nebasa rakanaka kwazvo, zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, uye mhinduro dzakakwana. Kambani iyi inopa mapaipi akasiyana-siyana esimbi yekabhoni nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nayo, zvinosanganisira mapaipi esimbi asina musono, ERW, LSAW, uye SSAW, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwakazara hwemapipi nemaflange.
Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvehunyanzvi zvinosanganisirawo alloys dzemhando yepamusoro uye simbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa mukugadzira, dzakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nemapurojekiti akasiyana-siyana emapombi.
