ASTM A335 P12 (ASME SA335 P12) ipombi yesimbi isina musono yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Zvinhu zvikuru zveP12 zvinosanganisa 0.08–1.25% chromium uye 0.44–0.65% molybdenum, zvichiiisa muchikamu chesimbi yeCr-Mo alloy.
Chinhu ichi chinopa simba rakanaka kwazvo pakupisa kwakanyanya, kudzivirira kupisa, uye kudzivirira oxidation, uye chinowanzoshandiswa mumabhaira, ma superheater, ma heat exchangers, uye mapaipi e pressure vessels.
Mapaipi eP12 anowanzo shandiswa pakukombamisa, kuputira (vanstoning), uye mamwe mabasa akafanana ekuumba, pamwe nekubatanidza fusion welding.
Pakuita bvunzo dzemakemikari eP12, zvinofanirwa kuitwa zvichienderana neASTM A999. Zvinodiwa pakuumbwa kwemakemikari ndeizvi:
| Giredhi | Kuumbwa, % | ||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo | |
| P12 | 0.05 - 0.15 | 0.30 - 0.61 | 0.025 yepamusoro | 0.025 yepamusoro | 0.50 yakakwira | 0.08 - 1.25 | 0.44 - 0.65 |
Chromium inowedzera zvakanyanya kusimba kwemapaipi esimbi pakupisa kwakanyanya uye inovandudza kugadzikana kwawo panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu pakupisa kwakanyanya. Molybdenum inowedzera simba rekupisa kwakanyanya uye kuramba kukambaira.
| Giredhi | ASTM A335 P12 | |
| Simba rekusimba, min, ksi [MPa] | 60 [415] | |
| Simba rekubudisa, min, ksi [MPa] | 32 [220] | |
| Kureba kwe 2 in. kana 50 mm (kana 4D), min, % | Kureba | Kuchinja-chinja |
| Kureba kwemadziro emadziro ane ukobvu hwe5/16 mu [8 mm] zvichikwira, bvunzo dzemitsetse, uye kune ese madiki akaedzwa muchikamu chakazara. | 30 | 20 |
| Kana chifananidzo chedenderedzwa che 2 in kana 50 mm chakareba kana kuti chidiki zvakanyanya chine urefu hwe 4D (ka4 kadhayamita) chinoshandiswa. | 22 | 14 |
| Pakuyedzwa kwezvidimbu, kubviswa kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe che 1/32 mu [0.8 mm] pakukora kwemadziro pasi pe 5/16 in. [8 mm] kubva pakureba kwepakati pezvikamu zvinotevera kunofanira kuitwa. | 1.50 | 1.00 |
Mugadziri uye Mamiriro
Mapaipi esimbi eASTM A335 P12 anofanira kugadzirwa nemaitiro asina musonouye inofanira kunge ichipisa kana kuti ichitonhora, sezvakatsanangurwa.
Kurapa Kupisa
Mapaipi ese eP12 anofanira kudziiswazve kuti apiswe uye apiswe zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa patafura.
| Giredhi | Rudzi rweKurapa Kupisa | Kupisa kana Kupisa Kunodzikisa Zvishoma |
| ASTM A335 P12 | anneal yakazara kana kuti isingatsvedzere | — |
| kugadzirisa uye kushatirwa | 1200 ℉ [650 ℃] | |
| anneal ye subcritical | 1200 ~ 1300 ℉ [650 ~ 705 ℃] |
Kureba kwepombi imwe neimwe ine dhayamita yekunze inopfuura 10 in. [250 mm] uye ukobvu hwemadziro husingasviki kana kuti hwakaenzana ne0.75 in. [19 mm] inofanira kuongororwa ne hydrostatic test.
Neimwe nzira, bvunzo dzisingakuvadzi dzinoenderana neASTM E213, E309, uye E570 dzinogona kushandiswa.
Pasinei nenzira yekuyedza yakasarudzwa, inofanira kuratidzwa pakumaka pombi, nezvinodiwa zvekumaka zvinotevera:
| Ultrasonic | Kubuda Kwemvura Mumvura | Eddy Current | Mvura inochinja-chinja | Kumaka |
| No | No | No | Ehe | Chinodzvanya Bvunzo |
| Ehe | No | No | No | UT |
| No | Ehe | No | No | FL |
| No | No | Ehe | No | EC |
| Ehe | Ehe | No | No | UT / FL |
| Ehe | No | Ehe | No | UT / EC |
| No | No | No | No | NH |
| Ehe | No | No | Ehe | UT / Bvunzo yeKudzvanya |
| No | Ehe | No | Ehe | FL / Bvunzo Yekudzvanya |
| No | No | Ehe | Ehe | EC / Bvunzo yeKudzvanya |
Kushivirira Kwechiyero
Kune mapaipi akarairwa kuNPS [DN] kanadhayamita yekunze, kusiyana kwedhayamita yekunze hakufanirwe kudarika kwakataurwa patafura yekuputira.
| Mugadziri weNPS [DN] | Misiyano Inobvumidzwa | |
| mukati. | mm | |
| 1/8 kusvika 1 1/2 [6 kusvika 40], inchi. | ±1/64 [0.015] | ± 0.40 |
| Inopfuura 1 1/2 kusvika 4 [40 kusvika 100], inchi. | ±1/32 [0.031] | ± 0.79 |
| Kupfuura 4 kusvika 8 [100 kusvika 200], inchi. | -1/32 - +1/16 [-0.031 - +0.062] | -0.79 - +1.59 |
| Kupfuura 8 kusvika 12 [200 kusvika 300], inchi. | -1/32 - +3/32 [-0.031 - 0.093] | -0.79 - +2.38 |
| Vanopfuura 12 [300] | ± 1% yedhayamita yekunze yakatarwa | |
Kune mapaipi akarairwa kutidhayamita yemukati, dhayamita yemukati haifanirwe kusiyana kupfuura ±1% kubva padhayamita yemukati yakatarwa.
Kushivirira Ukobvu hweMadziro
Pamusoro pekuganhurira kusina kujeka kweukobvu hwemadziro epombi hunokonzerwa nekuganhurira huremu muASTM A999, ukobvu hwemadziro epombi panguva iyoyo hunofanira kunge huri mukati memiganhu iri patafura yekuputira.
| Mugadziri weNPS [DN] | Kushivirira, % fomu Yakatsanangurwa |
| 1/8 kusvika 2 1/2 [6 kusvika 65] kusanganisira zviyero zvese zve t/D | -12.5 - +20.0 |
| Pamusoro pe 2 1/2 [65], t/D ≤ 5% | -12.5 - +22.5 |
| Pamusoro pe 2 1/2, t/D ＞ 5% | -12.5 - +15.0 |
t = Ukobvu Hwakatarwa hweMadziro; D = Dhayamita Yekunze Yakatarwa.
| ASME | ASTM | EN | GB | JIS |
| ASME SA335 P12 | ASTM A213 T12 | EN 10216-2 13CrMo4-5 | GB/T 5310 15CrMoG | JIS G 3462 STBA22 |
Zvinyorwa:mapaipi esimbi asina musono eASTM A335 P12 uye zvinosungirirwa;
Saizi:1/8" kusvika 24", kana kuti yakagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nezvaunoda;
Kureba:Kureba kusingatarisirwi kana kuchekwa zvichienderana nekuraira;
Kurongedza:Kupfeka kwakasviba, magumo akachekwa, zvidziviriro zvemapombi, mabhokisi emapuranga, nezvimwewo.
Tsigiro:Chitupa cheIBR, kuongororwa kweTPI, MTC, kucheka, kugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa;
MOQ: (Zvinyorwa zveMOQ):1 m;
Mitemo Yekubhadhara:T/T kana L/C;
Mutengo:Tibatei kuti muwane mitengo yemapaipi esimbi eP12 yazvino.
