ASTM A334Giredhi 1ipombi yesimbi yekabhoni isina musono uye yakasungirirwa kuti ishandiswe pakupisa kwakaderera.
Ine kabhoni yakawanda inosvika 0.30%, manganese yakawanda inosvika 0.40-1.60%, simba rekudhonza re380Mpa (55ksi), uye simba rekupa goho re205Mpa (30ksi).
Inonyanya kushandiswa kutakurwa kwemvura munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera, michina yekufiriji, uye mamwe mashandisirwo emaindasitiri anoda kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya.
ASTM A334 ine magiredhi akati wandei ekugadzirisa mamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekupisa kwakaderera, anoti:Giredhi 1, Giredhi 3, Giredhi 6, Giredhi 7, Giredhi 8, Giredhi 9, uye Giredhi 11.
Kune mhando mbiri dzesimbi, simbi yekabhoni nesimbi ye alloy.
Giredhi 1uyeGiredhi 6zvose isimbi dzekabhoni.
Zvinogona kugadzirwa nemaitiro asina musono kana akasungirirwa.
Mukugadzirwa kwemachubhu esimbi asina musono, kune maitiro maviri ekugadzira,Yakapedzwa nekupisa kana kuti yakatorwa nechando.
Sarudzo yacho inonyanya kuenderana nekushandiswa kwepombi, saizi yepombi, uye zvinodiwa chaizvo pahunhu hwezvinhu.
Pazasi pane dhayagiramu yemaitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zvisina musono akagadzirwa zvinopisa.
Iyokupisa kunoperaMaitiro epombi isina musono anosanganisira kupisa billet yesimbi kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya uye wobva wagadzira pombi nekuitenderedza kana kuiburitsa. Maitiro aya anoitika pakupisa kwakanyanya uye anobatsira kuvandudza magadzirirwo echinhu chacho, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kusimba kwayo uye kufanana kwayo.
Maitiro ekupedzisa anopisa akakodzera zvikuru kugadzirwa kwemachubhu ane dhayamita hombe nemadziro akakora, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapaipi ekutakura zvinhu zvakawanda uye mashandisirwo emaumbirwo, uye akakodzera kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera.
Inodhonzwa nechandoMachubhu esimbi asina musono anogadziriswa nekutambanudza mushure mekunge chinhu chacho chatonhodzwa zvakakwana kuti chisvike pahukuru nechimiro chakakodzera. Nzira iyi inovandudza zvikuru kururama kwehukuru uye kupedzisa kwechinhu chacho, nepo kushanda kwacho kuchitonhora kuchivandudzawo hunhu hwemuchina wechubhu, senge simba uye kuramba kupfeka.
Maitiro ekudhirowa nechando anonyanya kukodzera kugadzirwa kwemachubhu ane dhayamita diki uye ukobvu hwemadziro matete uko kunodiwa kunyatsoita zvinhu nemazvo uye mhando yepamusoro yepamusoro uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakadai sema hydraulic systems, zvikamu zvemotokari, uye michina ine simba guru kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvepamusoro-soro, kunyangwe paine mutengo wakakwira.
Gadzirisai zvinhu nekudziisa kusvika patembiricha yakaenzana yeasingasviki 1550 °F [845 °C] mozotonhodza mumhepo kana mukamuri rekutonhodza rechoto chinodzora mhepo.
Kana kudziya kuchida, kuchafanirwa kutaurirana.
Kune machubhu esimbi asina musono ari pamusoro apa chete:
Dzorera uye dzora kupisa uye tembiricha yekushanda kwekupisa kusvika pakupisa kunobva pa1550 - 1750 °F [845 - 955℃] wozotonhodza muchoto chemhepo chinodzora kubva patembiricha yekutanga isiri pasi pe1550 °F [845 °C].
Kemesitiri yeGiredhi 1 yakagadzirirwa kuenzana simba, kuomarara, uye kusimba kwekupisa kwakaderera kuti zvishandiswe munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera.
| Giredhi | C(Kabhoni) | Mn(Manganese) | P(Fosforasi) | S(Sarufa) |
| Giredhi 1 | yepamusoro 0.30% | 0.40-1.06% | yepamusoro 0.025% | yepamusoro 0.025% |
| Pakudzikiswa kwega kwega kwe0.01% kabhoni pasi pe0.30%, kuwedzera kwe0.05% manganese pamusoro pe1.06% kuchabvumidzwa kusvika pa1.35% manganese. | ||||
Kabhoni ndiyo chinhu chikuru chinowedzera simba nekuomarara kwesimbi, asi kana ikashandisa tembiricha yakaderera, kabhoni yakawanda inogona kuderedza kuomarara kwesimbi.
Giredhi 1, ine kabhoni yakawanda ye0.30%, inorongwa sesimbi ine kabhoni shoma uye inodzorwa padanho rakaderera kuti iwedzere kusimba kwayo pakupisa kwakaderera.
Kureba kwemadziro kwakaverengerwa kwe1/32 inches.[0.80 mm] kuderera kweukobvu hwemadziro.
Kuedza kwekushandisa machubhu esimbi eGiredhi 1 kwaitwapa -45°C [-50°F], iyo yakagadzirirwa kuona kusimba uye kuramba kusimba kwezvinhu munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakaderera. Kuedza uku kunoitwa nekusarudza simba rekushandisa simba zvichienderana nekukora kwemadziro epombi yesimbi.
Zviyero zveNotched-bar impact zvinofanira kunge zviri zve simple beam, Charpy-type, zvichienderana neTest Methods E23. Type A, ine V notch.
Nzira mbiri dzakajairika dzekuyera kuomarara ndedzeRockwell neBrinell.
| Giredhi | Rockwell | Brinell |
| ASTM A334 Giredhi 1 | B 85 | 163 |
Pombi yega yega inofanira kuongororwa pasina kukuvadza nemagetsi kana ne hydrostatic zvichienderana ne STM A1016/A1016M. Kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira muodha yekutenga, mhando yebvunzo inofanira kushandiswa inofanira kunge iri sarudzo yemugadziri.
Pamusoro pezviratidzo zvakataurwa muSpecification A1016/A1016M, zviratidzo zvacho zvinosanganisira kupisa kwapera, kudhonzwa kunotonhora, kusina musono, kana kusungirirwa, uye mabhii "LT" achiteverwa netembiricha iyo bvunzo yekukanganisa yakaitwa.
Kana pombi yesimbi yapera isina saizi yakakwana yekuwana muenzaniso mudiki wekukanganisa, chiratidzo hachifanirwe kusanganisira mabhii eLT uye tembiricha yekuyedza yakaratidzwa.
Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana anoda kushanda pakupisa kwakaderera.
Kutakurwa kwemvura inoyerera ne cryogenic: Pombi yesimbi yeGiredhi 1 inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kutakura mvura inoyerera yakaita segasi rechisikigo rakanyungudutswa (LNG), gasi repetroleum rakanyungudutswa (LPG), nemamwe makemikari anoyerera. Mvura iyi inowanzoda kutakurwa zvakachengeteka patembiricha dziri pasi pemamiriro ekunze, uye pombi yesimbi yeGiredhi 1 inochengetedza hunhu hwayo hwepanyama uye hunhu hwayo patembiricha idzi dzakaderera.
Masisitimu efiriji nemidziyo: Inowanzo shandiswa pakuisa mapombi ekutumira zvinhu zvinotonhodza muzvirongwa izvi.
Zvinochinja-chinja kupisa uye zvinokonzeresa kupisa: Zvinochinja-chinja kupisa uye zvinokonzeresa kupisa zvinhu zvakakosha mumaindasitiri nemagetsi, zvichiwanzoshandisa machubhu esimbi eGiredhi 1 sezvinhu zvekuvaka. Midziyo iyi inoda zvinhu zvinochengetedza simba rakawanda uye zvinodzivirira ngura pakupisa kwakaderera kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kushanda kwayo kwakavimbika uye kushanda zvakanaka kwenguva refu.
Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu zvinotonhora uye dzekuchengetedza firiji: Munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvinhu zvinotonhora nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinotonhorera, masisitimu emapaipi anofanirwa kugadziriswa kuti agare tembiricha yakaderera zvikuru. Mapaipi esimbi egiredhi 1 anogona kushandiswa kuvaka masisitimu emapaipi munzvimbo idzi nekuda kwekugona kwawo kuramba achishanda munzvimbo dzinotonhora pasina kukundikana.
1. EN 10216-4: P215NL, P255QL;
2. DIN 17173:TTSt35N;
3. JIS G3460:STPL 380;
4. GB/T 18984: 09Mn2V.
Magiredhi aya akagadzirwa kuti ave nezvivakwa zvakafanana kana zvakaenzana neASTM A334 Giredhi 1, tichifunga nezvezvivakwa zvinopisa zvishoma nezvimwe zvinodiwa pakushanda.
Kubva payakatangwa muna 2014, Botop Steel yave kambani inotungamira mukutengesa mapaipi esimbi yekabhoni kuChamhembe kweChina, inozivikanwa nebasa rakanaka kwazvo, zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, uye mhinduro dzakakwana. Kambani iyi inopa mapaipi akasiyana-siyana esimbi yekabhoni nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nayo, zvinosanganisira mapaipi esimbi asina musono, ERW, LSAW, uye SSAW, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwakazara hwemapipi nemaflange.
Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvehunyanzvi zvinosanganisirawo alloys dzemhando yepamusoro uye simbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa mukugadzira, dzakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nemapurojekiti akasiyana-siyana emapombi.
