ASTM A312 (ASME SA312) inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamapaipi esimbi isina ngura, anofukidza mhando dzemapaipi asina musono, akasungirirwa, uye anotonhora zvakanyanya. Inowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya uye dzinopisa zvakanyanya. Mutemo uyu unosanganisira mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi isina ngura kuti isvike pazvinodiwa zvakasiyana, nemagiredhi akajairika akadai seTP304 (S30400), TP316 (S31600), TP304L (S30403)uyeTP316L (S31603).
Semutengesi wepombi dzesimbi dzisina ngura ane hunyanzvi uye akavimbika muChina,Simbi yeBotopYakazvipira kupa zvigadzirwa zvemapaipi esimbi isina ngura zvemhando yepamusoro zvine mitengo inokwikwidzana uye zvinokurumidza kutumirwa kumapurojekiti ako. Taura nesu kuti uwane rutsigiro rwakakwana kubva kuchikwata chedu chine ruzivo.
Zvinhu zvakapihwa pasi peASTM A312 zvinofanirwa kutevedzera zvinodiwa zvechinyorwa chazvino cheASTM A999kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira pano.
Zvinodiwa zvakaita sekuumbwa kwemakemikari, hunhu hwemakanika, kuyedzwa kwemvura, kuyedzwa kusingaparadze, uye kushivirira kwemativi ese zvinofanirwa kutevedzera zviri muA999.
Mhando dzese dzeASTM A312 isimbi dzisina ngura, saka makemikari adzo ane huwandu hwakawanda hwechromium (Cr) uye nickel (Ni) kuitira kuti dzisapararire ngura, dzive nesimba rekupisa kwakanyanya, uye dzigare kwenguva refu mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekushanda.
| Giredhi | Kuumbwa, % | |||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | |
| TP304 | 0.08 yakakwira | 2.00 yakakwira | 0.045 yepamusoro | 0.030 yakakwira | 1.00 yakakwira | 18.00 ~ 20.00 | 8.0 ~ 11.0 | — |
| TP304L | 0.035 yepamusoro | 2.00 yakakwira | 0.045 yepamusoro | 0.030 yakakwira | 1.00 yakakwira | 18.00 ~ 20.00 | 8.0 ~ 13.0 | — |
| TP316 | 0.08 yakakwira | 2.00 yakakwira | 0.045 yepamusoro | 0.030 yakakwira | 1.00 yakakwira | 16.00 ~ 18.00 | 11.0 ~ 14.0 | 2.0 ~ 3.0 |
| TP316L | 0.035 yepamusoro | 2.00 yakakwira | 0.045 yepamusoro | 0.030 yakakwira | 1.00 yakakwira | 16.00 ~ 18.00 | 11.0 ~ 14.0 | 2.0 ~ 3.0 |
Pamapaipi eTP316 akasungirirwa, huwandu hwenickel (Ni) hunofanira kuva 10.0 kusvika 14.0%.
| Zvivakwa zveMichina | TP304 / TP316 | TP304L / TP316L | |
| Zvinodiwa zveKusimba | Simba reKusimba | 75 ksi [515 MPa] miniti | 70 ksi [485 MPa] miniti |
| Simba reGoho | 30 ksi [205 MPa] miniti | 25 ksi [170 MPa] miniti | |
| Kureba mu 2 in. kana 50 mm | Kureba: 35% min Kutenderera: 25% min | ||
| Muedzo weKubata-bata | Miedzo yekutsvedza inofanira kuitwa pa5% yemapaipi kubva panzvimbo yega yega yakacheneswa nekupisa. | ||
| Kuedzwa kweWeld Decay | Chiyero chekurasikirwa kwesimbi kubva pasimbi yakasungirirwa kuenda pasimbi yekutanga chinofanira kuva 0.90 kusvika 1.1. (Kuedza hakudiwi kunze kwekunge zvataurwa muodha yekutenga) | ||
Kana chiyero chekuedza simba rebasa rekupisa kwakadereraine 15 ft-lbf (20 J) simba rinotorwa kana 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, magiredhi TP304 neTP304L anogamuchirwa neASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, uye neChemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, kuti ishandiswe patembiricha yakaderera se -425°F [-250°C] pasina kusimbiswa ne impact tests.
Mamwe magiredhi esimbi isina ngura yeAISI anowanzo gamuchirwa pakupisa kwekushanda kwakaderera se -325°F [-200°C] pasina kuyedzwa kwemhedzisiro.
Maitiro eMugadziri
Mapaipi eASTM A312 TP304, TP316, TP304L, uye TP316L anogona kugadzirwa nenzira nhatu:musono(SML), maitiro ekushongedza otomatiki (WLD)uyekutonhora kwakanyanya (HCW), uye inogona kupedzwa ichipisa kana kuti ichitonhora sezvinodiwa.
Pasinei nenzira yekupinza, hapana simbi yekuzadza inofanira kuwedzerwa panguva yekupinza.
Pombi dzakasungirirwa uye pombi dzeHCW dzeNPS 14 kana diki dzinofanira kunge dzine weld imwe chete yakareba. Pombi dzakasungirirwa uye pombi dzeHCW dzakakura kupfuura NPS 14 dzinofanira kunge dzine weld imwe chete yakareba kana kuti dzinofanira kugadzirwa nekugadzira nekusveta zvikamu zviviri zve flat stock refu kana zvatenderwa nemutengi. Miedzo yese ye weld, kuongororwa, kuongororwa, kana kurapwa kunofanirwa kuitwa pamusungo wega wega we weld.
Kurapa Kupisa
Mapaipi ese esimbi eASTM A312 anofanira kunge aine mushonga wekupisa.
Maitiro ekurapa kupisa kweTP304, TP316, TP304L, uye TP316L anofanira kusanganisira kupisa pombi kusvika pa1900°F (1040°C) uye kudzima mumvura kana kutonhora nekukurumidza nedzimwe nzira.
Mwero wekutonhodza unofanirwa kukwana kudzivirira kudzokororwa kwemakabhohaidhiretsi uye unogona kusimbiswa nekukwanisa kupasa ASTM A262, Practice E.
Pamapaipi eA312 asina musono, pakarepo mushure mekupiswa, nepo tembiricha yemapaipi isiri pasi petembiricha yekurapa mhinduro yakaderera yakatarwa, pombi yega yega inofanira kudzimwa mumvura kana kutonhodzwa nekukurumidza nedzimwe nzira.
Pombi yega yega inofanira kuedzwa nemagetsi asingaparadzi kana kuti hydrostatic test. Rudzi rwekuyedzwa kunoshandiswa runofanira kusarudzwa nemugadziri, kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira muodha yekutenga.
Nzira dzekuyedza dzinofanira kuitwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zveASTM A999.
Pakupinza mapaipi ane fittings akaenzana kana kuti akakura kupfuura NPS 10, bvunzo yesystem inogona kushandiswa pachinzvimbo chekuyedza kwe hydrostatic. Kana bvunzo ye hydrostatic isina kuitwa, chiratidzo chinofanira kusanganisira "NH".
Mapaipi apera anofanira kunge akatwasuka zvine mwero uye anofanira kunge akagadzirwa nemaoko.
Pombi iyi inofanira kunge isina chikero uye isina kusvibisa zvidimbu zvesimbi zvinobva kunze. Kubvisa simbi, kuputisa, kana kupedzisa pamusoro pepombi hazvidiwi kana pombi yave yakanyungudutswa. Mutengi anotenderwa kukumbira kuti pombi yapera ishandiswe pakuisa mvura.
Kubviswa kwezvikanganiso nekukuya kunobvumirwa, chero bedzi ukobvu hwemadziro husina kudzikiswa kusvika pasi pehunobvumidzwa muChikamu 9 cheASTM A999.
| Mugadziri weNPS | Kushivirira, % fomu rezita | |
| Kupera | Pasi | |
| 1/8 kusvika 2 1/2 zvichibatanidzwa, zviyero zvese zve t/D | 20.0 | 12.5 |
| 3 kusvika 18 zvichisanganisira t/D kusvika 5% zvichisanganisira. | 22.5 | 12.5 |
| 3 kusvika 18 kusanganisira t/D ＞ 5% | 15.0 | 12.5 |
| 20 zvichikwira, yakasungirirwa, zvese zviyero zve t/D | 17.5 | 12.5 |
| 20 zvichikwira, isina musono, t/D kusvika 5% zvichibatanidzwa. | 22.5 | 12.5 |
| 20 zvichikwira, isina musono, t/D ＞ 5% | 15.0 | 12.5 |
t = Ukobvu hweMadziro Akanyorwa; D = Dhayamita yeOdha Kunze.
Botop Steel inopa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurongedza mapurojekiti ako, kubva pakurongedza mabhegi akarukwa uye kurongedza mabhegi epurasitiki kusvika pakurongedza mabhokisi emapuranga, ichivimbisa kubatwa kwakachengeteka, dziviriro panguva yekufambisa, uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa nepurojekiti.
Zvinyorwa:mapaipi esimbi isina ngura eASTM A312 uye zvinosungirirwa;
Giredhi:TP304, TP316, TP304L, uye TP316L
Saizi:1/8" kusvika 30", kana kuti yakagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nezvaunoda;
Kureba:Kureba kusingatarisirwi kana kuchekwa zvichienderana nekuraira;
Kurongedza:Mabhegi akarukwa, mapurasitiki, mabhokisi emapuranga, nezvimwewo.
Tsigiro:EXW, FOB, CIF, CFR;
MOQ: (Zvinyorwa zveMOQ):1 m;
Mitemo Yekubhadhara:T/T kana L/C;
Mutengo:Tibatei kuti muwane mitengo yazvino.
