ASTM A106pombi yesimbi haina musonopombi yesimbi yekabhoniyakakodzera kushandiswa munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya uye dzine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakawanda yakadai semaindasitiri emafuta negesi, mafekitori emagetsi uye mafekitori emakemikari.
Zvikuru sei,ASTM A106 Giredhi BKuisa machubhu kwakakurumbira zvikuru mukushandiswa kwakawanda nekuda kwekukwanisa kwayo kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemakanika zvemichina yakawanda yekuvaka uye mutengo wayo wakaderera.
ASME SA106 = ASTM A106.
ASME SA106 neASTM A106 zvakaenzana maererano nezvinhu uye zvivakwa, uye zvine zvinodiwa zvakafanana, asi ndezvemasangano akasiyana ekuburitsa zviyero uye zvinoshandiswa kuzadzisa masisitimu akasiyana ezvitupa.
Dhayamita yezita: DN 6 - DN 1200 [NPS 1/8 - NPS 48];
Dhayamita yekunze: 10.3 - 1219 mm [0.405 - 48 in.];
Ukobvu hwemadzirozviri sezvinoratidzwa muASME B 36.10.
Makirasi akajairika eukobvu hwemadziro ndeayaPurogiramu 40uyePurogiramu 80.
Saizi dzemapaipi dzisiri dzemhando yepamusoro dzinogona kushandiswa, chero bedzi dzichizadzisa zvimwe zvinodiwa nemutemo uyu.
IyoASTM A106standard ine magiredhi matatu akasiyana,Giredhi A, Giredhi B, uye Giredhi C.
Simba remugoho uye simba rekudhonza zvinowedzera zvichienderana negiredhi, iro rinoshandiswa kugadzirisa mamiriro akasiyana ekushandiswa.
Simbi inofanira kuurayiwa.
Pombi yesimbi yeASTM A106 inofanira kugadzirwa uchishandisamaitiro ekugadzira asina musono.
Zvichienderana nehukuru hwepombi uye mashandisirwo chaiwo, zvinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri:yakapedzwa nekupisauyeinotorwa nechandomhando.
DN ≤ 40 [NPS ≤ 1 1/2], inogona kuita kuti ipedzwe ichipisa kana kuti ichitonhora, kunyanya ichitorwa ichitonhora.
DN ≥ 50 [NPS ≥ 2] inofanira kunge ichipisa. Machubhu esimbi asina musono anodhonzwa nechando anowanikwawo kana ukaakumbira.
Pazasi pane dhayagiramu yemaitiro ekugadzira pombi yesimbi isina musono yakapedzwa nekupisa.
Zvirongwa zvemachati ekugadzirwa kwemhando ye "Cold-drawn production flow chart" zvinogona kuonekwa nekudzvanya paASTM A556 Machubhu eSimbi yeKabhoni Isina Musono Yakatonhora.
Machubhu esimbi asina musono akagadzirwa nekupisa uye anodhonzwa nechando ane hunhu hwemakanika, kunaka kwenzvimbo, uye kururama kwehukuru pamwe nekusiyana kwehukuru.
Machubhu anopisa anogadzirwa pakupisa kwakanyanya uye ane kusimba kuri nani asi nzvimbo dzakaomarara uye akarurama zvishoma; nepo machubhu anodhonzwa nechando achigadzirwa nepurasitiki pakupisa kwemukamuri uye ane simba rakawanda, nzvimbo dzakapfava, uye kutonga kwakanyatsojeka, zvichiita kuti akwanise kushandiswa zvinoda kunyatsojeka uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Inodhonzwa nechandomapaipi emvura anofanira kupiswa nekupisa panguva1200°F [650°C]kana kupfuura mushure mekudhonza kwekupedzisira.
Yapera kupisamachubhu esimbi haawanzodi kurapwa kwekupisa.
Kana kuchidikanwa kurapwa kwekupisa kwepombi yesimbi inopisa, tembiricha yekurapa kupisa inofanira kunge iri pamusoro1500°F [650°C].
Kurapa kupisa kunovandudza magadzirirwo echubhu, kunovandudza hunhu hwemakanika, kunowedzera kuramba kukora, kunovandudza mashandiro emuchina, kunovimbisa kugadzikana kwehukuru, pamwe nekusangana nezvinodiwa nezvinodiwa zvemitemo yakatarwa, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kushanda kwayo uye kukodzera kwayo.
a Pakudzikiswa kwega kwega kwe0.01% pasi pehuwandu hwakatarwa hwekabhoni, kuwedzera kwe0.06% manganese pamusoro pehuwandu hwakatarwa kuchabvumidzwa kusvika pa1.35%.
b Kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira nemutengi, pakudzikiswa kwega kwega kwe0.01% pasi pehuwandu hwakatarwa hwekabhoni, kuwedzera kwe0.06% manganese pamusoro pehuwandu hwakatarwa kuchabvumidzwa kusvika pa1.65%.
cCr, Cu, Mo, Ni, uye V hazvifanirwe kudarika 1% yehuwandu hwese hwezvinhu izvi zvishanu.
Magiredhi A, B naCdzinosiyana mukugadzirwa kwadzo kwemakemikari, kunyanya maererano nehuwandu hwekabhoni nemanganese.
Kusiyana uku kunokanganisa hunhu hwemakanika uye mamiriro ekushandiswa kwemachubhu. Kana kabhoni yakawanda, pombi yacho inosimba, asi kusimba kwayo kunogona kuderedzwa. Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemanganese kunobatsira kusimba nekuoma kwesimbi.
Nzvimbo Inosungirira
A: Kureba kudiki kwe 2 in. [50 mm] kunofanira kutsanangurwa ne equation inotevera:
mayuniti epaundi yeinchi:e = 625,000A0.2/UO.9
Zvikamu zveSl:e = 1940A0.2/U0.9
e: kureba kudiki mu 2 in. [50 mm], %, kwakatenderedzwa kusvika pa 0.5% iri pedyo,
A: nzvimbo yakachinjika yemuenzaniso wekuyera kushushikana, mukati.2[mm]2], zvichibva padhayamita yekunze yakatarwa kana upamhi hwemuenzaniso wezita uye ukobvu hwemadziro hwakatarwa, hwakatenderedzwa kusvika pa0.01 inches iri pedyo2[1 mm]2].
(Kana nzvimbo yakaverengerwa yakaenzana kana kuti yakakura kupfuura 0.75 inches2[500 mm]2], ipapo kukosha kwe 0.75 mu2[500 mm]2inofanira kushandiswa.)
U: simba rekudhonza rakatarwa, psi [MPa].
Muedzo wekukombama
Pamapaipi eDN 50 [NPS 2] nemadiki, panofanira kuva nehurefu hwakakwana hwepombi kuti pombi ipinde nepakati pe90° pasina kutsemuka kutenderedza mandrel ine dhayamita yakapetwa ka12 kupfuura dhayamita yekunze kwepombi.
Kana OD iri > 25in. [635mm], kana iri OD/T ≤ 7, bvunzo yekukombama inodiwa kuti ukotame 180° pasina kutsemuka patembiricha yemumba. Dhayamita yemukati mechikamu chakakombama i1in.
Muedzo weKubata-bata
Pombi yesimbi isina musono yeASTM A106 haidi kuyedzwa kuti iite zvidimbu zvitete, asi mashandiro epombi anofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinoenderana.
Kunze kwekunge zvichidikanwa zvakananga, pombi yega yega inofanira kuongororwa nemvura kana kuti isingaparadze magetsi, uye dzimwe nguva zvese zviri zviviri.
Kana pasina kuyedzwa kwemvura kana kusaparadza kwakaitwa, pombi yacho inofanira kunge yakanyorwa kuti “NH".
Kuedzwa kweHydrostatic
Kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwemvura hakufanirwe kunge kuri pasi pe60% yesimba remubereko wepasi rakatarwa.
Inogona kuverengerwa nefomula inotevera:
P = 2St/D
P = kumanikidzwa kwekuyedza kwehydrostatic mu psi kana MPa,
S = kumanikidzwa kwemadziro epombi mu psi kana MPa,
t = ukobvu hwemadziro hwakatarwa, ukobvu hwemadziro hunoenderana nenhamba yakatarwa yeANSI, kana kuti ka1.143 kakapetwa ukobvu hwemadziro hushoma hwakatarwa, mu. [mm],
D = dhayamita yekunze yakatarwa, dhayamita yekunze inoenderana nehukuru hwepombi yeANSI yakatarwa, kana dhayamita yekunze yakaverengerwa nekuwedzera 2t (sezvakatsanangurwa pamusoro) kune dhayamita yemukati yakatarwa, mu. [mm].
Kana bvunzo yekumanikidzwa kwemvura ikaitwa, pombi yesimbi inofanira kunge yakanyorwa nekumanikidzwa kwekuyedza.
Muedzo weMagetsi Usingaparadzi
Inogona kushandiswa senzira yekuedza hydrostatic.
Muviri wese wepombi yega yega unofanira kuongororwa nemagetsi asingaparadze zvichienderana nemutemo weE213, E309, kanaE570zvirevo.
Kana bvunzo dzisingakuvadzi dzakaitwa, "NDE"" inofanira kuratidzwa pamusoro pepombi."
Misa
Huremu chaihwo hwepombi hunofanira kunge huri pakati pe97.5% - 110%yehuwandu hwakatarwa.
Dhayamita yekunze
Ukobvu
Ukobvu hwemadziro hushoma = 87.5% yeukobvu hwemadziro hwakatarwa.
Hurefu
Inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvivirikureba kwakatsanangurwa, kureba kumwe chete kusina kurongekauyekureba kaviri kusingatarisirwi.
Hurefu hwakatarwa: sezvinodiwa neodha.
Kureba kamwe chete kusina kurongeka: 4.8-6.7 m [16-22ft].
5% yehurefu inobvumirwa kuva pasi pe 4.8 m [16 ft], asi kwete pfupi pane 3.7 m [12 ft].
Hurefu huviri husina kurongeka: Avhareji yehurefu hushoma i10.7 m [35 ft] uye hurefu hushoma i6.7 m [22 ft].
Zvishanu muzana zvehurefu zvinotenderwa kuva pasi pe6.7 m [22 ft], asi kwete kupfupika kupfuura 4.8 m [16 ft].
Pombi yesimbi yeASTM A106 inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akawanda nekuda kwekudzivirira kwayo kupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa.
1. Indasitiri yemafuta negesi: Pombi yesimbi yeASTM A106 inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapaipi emafuta negesi ari kure, michina yekuboorera, uye nzvimbo dzekunatsa, uko kusasimba kwayo pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kunovimbisa kuchengetedzeka nekuvimbika munzvimbo dzakaoma.
2. Zvivakwa zvemagetsi: Inoshandiswa mumapaipi ebhoyira anodziya zvakanyanya, ane simba repamusoro, ma "heat exchangers", uye masisitimu ekutumira steam ane simba repamusoro kupa mashandiro akasimba uye hupenyu hwebasa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa.
3. Zvirimwa zvemakemikari: ASTM A106 simbi inoshandiswa mumafekitori emakemikari emasisitimu emapaipi emagetsi ane simba guru, midziyo yekumanikidza, matura ekunyungudutsa, uye macondenser, uko inogona kutsungirira tembiricha yakakwira uye makemikari anoparadza kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti maitiro acho akachengeteka uye anoshanda zvakanaka.
4. Zvivako nezvivakwa: Inoshandiswa muzvishandiso zvekupisa, kufefetedza, uye kutonhodza (HVAC) pamwe chete nezvishandiso zvekudzivirira moto zvine simba guru kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti masisitimu ari muzvivakwa anoshanda zvakanaka uye akachengeteka.
ASTM A53 Giredhi BuyeAPI 5L Giredhi B ndiyo nzira dzakajairika dzekushandisa panzvimbo peASTM A106 Giredhi B.
Pakunyorwa kwepombi yesimbi isina musono, tinowanzoona pombi yesimbi inosangana nezvinodiwa zvitatu izvi panguva imwe chete, izvo zvinoratidza kuti ine mwero wepamusoro wekuenderana maererano nekuumbwa kwemakemikari, hunhu hwemakanika, nezvimwewo.
Pamusoro pezvinhu zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kune zvimwe zviyero zvakafanana neASTM A106 maererano nekuumbwa kwemakemikari uye hunhu hwemakanika.
GB/T 5310: Isa papombi yesimbi isina musono yebhoira rine simba rakawanda.
JIS G3454: Yemapaipi esimbi yekabhoni yekuisa mapaipi ekumanikidza.
JIS G3455: Yakakodzera mapaipi esimbi yekabhoni pamapaipi ane simba rakawanda.
JIS G3456: Mapaipi esimbi yekabhoni emapaipi anodziya zvakanyanya.
EN 10216-2: Machubhu esimbi asina musono ekushandisa pakupisa kwakanyanya.
EN 10217-2: Mapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa kuti ashandiswe pakupisa kwakanyanya.
GOST 8732: Machubhu esimbi anopisa asina musono ekushandisa pakupisa kwakanyanya uye pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Boka rega rega remapaipi esimbi asina musono eASTM A106 rakaongororwa roga kana kuongororwa nenyanzvi tisati tabuda mufekitori, izvo zviri kusimbirira kwedu pamhando yepamusoro uye kuzvipira kwedu kusingachinji kune vatengi.
Kuongororwa kwedhayamita yekunze
Kuongorora Ukobvu hweMadziro
Kuongorora Kururama
Kuongorora kweUT
Kupera kwekuongorora
Kuongorora Chitarisiko
Kunyange tichiona kuti zvigadzirwa zvedu zvakanaka, tinopawo nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurongedza kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekutakura nekuchengetedza. Kubva pakusunga zvinhu zvechinyakare kusvika pakurongedza kwakagadzirirwa, takazvipira kupa dziviriro yakanakisisa kune zvese zvinotumirwa zvemachubhu esimbi kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti anosvika kwauri zvakachengeteka uye pasina kukuvara.
Mufananidzo Mutema
Zvivharo zvepurasitiki
3LPE
Chiputiro
Yakagadzikwa
Kusunga uye Kusunga
Ongororo idzi hadzingoone chete kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvedu asiwo kuzvipira kwedu mubasa redu. Tiri kutarisira kushanda pamwe nemi kuti tipe mhinduro dzesimbi dzeASTM A106 GR.B dzakakodzera mapurojekiti enyu nebasa rehunyanzvi uye rinoshanda.
Kubva payakavambwa muna 2014,Simbi yeBotopyava mutengesi anotungamira wemapaipi esimbi yekabhoni kuChamhembe kweChina, inozivikanwa nebasa rakanaka kwazvo, zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, uye mhinduro dzakakwana.
Kambani iyi inopa mapaipi akasiyana-siyana esimbi yekabhoni nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nazvo, zvinosanganisira mapaipi esimbi asina musono, ERW, LSAW, uye SSAW, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwakazara hwemapipi nemaflange. Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvehunyanzvi zvinosanganisirawo alloys dzemhando yepamusoro nesimbi dzisina ngura dzinogadzirwa neaustenitic, dzakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nemapurojekiti akasiyana-siyana emapaipi.
ASTM A53 Gr.A & Gr. B Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Yemapaipi Emafuta Negesi
ASTM A556 Cold Drawn Seamless Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes
ASTM A334 Giredhi 1 Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe
ASTM A519 Kabhoni Uye Chirongo Chisina Musono Simbi Mechanical Pipe
JIS G3455 STS370 Pipe yeSimbi Isina Musono Yebasa Rekudzvanyirira Kwakanyanya
ASTM A192 Boiler Carbon Steel Tubes Yekudzvanywa Kwakanyanya
JIS G 3461 STB340 Pipe yeBhoira yeSimbi yeKabhoni Isina Musono
AS 1074 Machubhu eSimbi Asina Musono Ebasa Rakajairika
API 5L GR.B Huremu hweMadziro Husina Musono Simbi Pipe Yekugadzira Michina
ASTM A53 Gr.A & Gr. B Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe Yemapaipi Emafuta Negesi
