AS 1579 pombi yesimbiipombi yesimbi yakasungirirwa ine arc welded inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kutakura mvura nemvura yakasviba ine dhayamita yekunze ye ≥ 114 mm uye yemapaipi ane kumanikidzwa kwakaganhurirwa kusingapfuure 6.8 MPa.
Mapombi ane denderedzwa anoiswa muvhu uye haashandiswi kudzora kumanikidzwa kwemukati.
Dhayamita shoma yekunze i114mm, kunyangwe pasina muganho chaiwo pahukuru hwepombi asi saizi dzinodiwa dzinopihwa.
Inofanira kugadzirwa kubva mumhando dzakaongororwa kana dzechimiro chesimbi inopisa yakamonerwa inoenderana neAS/NZS 1594 kana AS/NZS 3678.
Zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwekupedzisira, ichiri muzvikamu zvinotevera:
Mapaipi akaedzwa nemvurainofanira kugadzirwa kubva muongororo kana giredhi rechimiro chesimbi inopisa yakaputirwa zvichienderana neAS/NZS 1594 kana AS/NZS 3678.
Mapombi nemapombi asina kuedzwa ne hydrostaticallyinofanira kugadzirwa nesimbi yakagadzirwa nechimiro ichienderana neAS/NZS 1594 kana AS/NZS 3678.
Neimwe nzira,mirwiinogona kugadzirwa kubva padanho rekuongorora rinoenderana neAS/NZS 1594., uye kana zvakadaro simbi inofanira kuongororwa nehunyanzvi zvichienderana neAS 1391 kuratidza kuti inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekudhonza simbi zvakataurwa nemutengi.
AS 1579 pombi yesimbi inogadzirwa uchishandisakushongedza simbi.
Zvese zvinosungirirwa zvinofanira kunge zvakapinzwa zvizere.
Kubatanidza simbi nesimbi kunoshandisa kupisa kwesimbi yemagetsi kunyungudutsa simbi uye kugadzira simbi dzakasungirirwa pakati pesimbi kuti pave nechimiro chepombi yesimbi inoenderera mberi.
Maitiro anonyanya kushandiswa ekugadzira arc welding ndeyeSAW (Suberged Arc Welding), inozivikanwawo seDSAW, izvo zvinogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamuLSAW(SAWL) uye SSAW (HSAW) zvichienderana negwara re weld yegumbo.
Pamusoro peSAW, kune dzimwe mhando dzekubatanidza arc dzakadai seGMAW, GTAW, FCAW, uye SMAW. Nzira dzakasiyana dzekubatanidza arc dzine hunhu hwadzo uye mamiriro ekushandisa, uye kusarudzwa kwenzira yakakodzera yekubatanidza kunoenderana nezvinodiwa nepombi yesimbi ichagadzirwa, bhajeti, uye zvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro.
Mipimo yacho pachayo haitsanangure zvakananga maumbirwo chaiwo emakemikoro uye hunhu hwemakanika, sezvo izvi zvichiwanzoenderana nemiyero chaiyo yesimbi yakaita seAS/NZS 1594 kana AS/NZS 3678, iyo inotsanangura zvinodiwa zvemakemikari uye hunhu hwemakanika zvesimbi inoshandiswa kugadzira machubhu aya.
AS 1579 inotsanangura chete zvakaenzana nekabhoni.
Kabhoni yakaenzana (CE) yesimbi haifanirwe kudarika 0.40.
CE=Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15
CE chinhu chakakosha chinoshandiswa kuongorora kugona kwesimbi kupinza. Inobatsira kufanotaura kuomarara kunogona kuitika musimbi mushure mekupinza uye nokudaro kuongorora kugona kwayo kupinza.
Kuongororwa kwekumanikidzwa kwemvura kunodiwa papombi yega yega yesimbi yemvura kana yetsvina inoshandiswa pakutakura.
Mapombi haawanzo kudiwa kuti aongororwe ne hydrostatic nekuti anonyanya kushandiswa kutakura zvinhu zviri mukati kwete kumanikidzwa kwemukati.
Nheyo dzeKuedza
Pombi yacho yakavharwa pamativi ese uye inomanikidzwa ne hydrostatic.
Inoongororwa kuti isimbiswe here kana kuti kwete padanho rekumanikidzwa rinomiririra dhizaini yepombi. Inoongororwa kuti ione kana paine kusimba kwekubuda kwemvura padanho rekumanikidzwa kwepombi.
Kumanikidzwa Kwekuedza
Kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwepombi yesimbi i6.8 MPa. Kumanikidzwa uku kunokonzerwa nemuganhu wemidziyo yekuyedza kumanikidzwa we8.5 MPa.
Pr= 0.72×(2×SMYS×t)/OD kana Pr= 0.72×(2×NMYS×t)/OD
Pr: Kumanikidzwa kwakayerwa, muMPa;
SMYS: Simba remubereko wepasi rakatarwa, muMPa;
NMYS: Simba remubereko wepasi, muMPa;
t: Ukobvu hwemadziro, mu mm;
OD: Dhayamita yekunze, mu mm.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu enjodzi, kumanikidzwa kwenguva pfupi kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kwepombi. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, kumanikidzwa kwakabatana kunobvumirwa kunofanira kusarudzwa nemugadziri, asi hakufaniri kudarika 0.90 x SMYS.
Pt= 1.25Pr
Mushure mekuyedzwa kwesimba, hapana kupwanyika kana kubuda kwemvura mupombi yekuyedza.
90% yesimba rekuyedza diki (SMYS) kana simba rekuyedza diki (NMYS) kana 8.5 MPa, chero iri shoma.
Pl= Pr
Kuedzwa kwekubuda kwemvura kunofanira kuitwa papombi.
Pakuyedzwa kwekubuda kwemvura, hapana kudonha kwemvura kunoonekwa pamusoro pepombi.
Mapaipi ese ekuedza asina hydrostatic anofanira kunge aine ukobvu hwemadziro husingasviki 8.0 mm.
Pombiinofanira kunge yakaongororwa 100% yewelds dzayo dzisingaparadze nenzira dze ultrasonic kana radiographic zvichienderana neAS 1554.1 Category SP uye inoenderana nezvinodiwa zvakatarwa zvekugamuchira.
Kuyedzwa kwezvikamu zvemapira zvisina kukuvadzayemapombiMhedzisiro yebvunzo inofanira kuenderana nezvinodiwa neAS/NZS 1554.1 Class SP. Kana ongororo ikaratidza kusatevedzera label, weld yese iri papombi iyoyo inofanira kuongororwa.
Mapaipi nezvishandiso zvinoshandiswa pakufambisa mvura netsvina zvinofanira kudzivirirwa kubva mukuora nekusarudza pendi yakakodzera. Pendi inofanira kushandiswa zvichienderana neAS 1281 neAS 4321.
Kana iri mvura inonwiwa, inofanira kutevedzera AS/NZS 4020. Chinangwa ndechekuona kuti zvigadzirwa izvi, kana zvasangana nehurongwa hwemvura, hazvikanganisi kunaka kwemvura, zvakaita sekusvibiswa nemakemikari, kusvibiswa nehutachiona, kana kushanduka kwekuravira nechitarisiko chemvura.
Nzvimbo yekunze yechubhu, isingapfuuri 150 mm kubva kumagumo, inofanira kunge yakanyorwa zvakajeka uye inogara iripo neruzivo runotevera:
a) Nhamba yakasiyana ye serial, kureva nhamba ye tube;
b) Nzvimbo yekugadzira;
c) Dhayamita yekunze uye ukobvu hwemadziro;
d) Nhamba yakajairika, kureva AS 1579;
e) Zita remugadziri kana chiratidzo chekutengeserana;
f) Kuyera kumanikidzwa kwepombi yekuedza hydrostatic (yepombi yesimbi chete inoongororwa hydrostatic);
g) Kuyedza kusina kuparadza (NDT) (chete paipi yesimbi yakaedzwa zvisina kuparadza).
Mugadziri anofanira kupa Mutengi chitupa chakasainwa chinoratidza kuti pombi yakagadzirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa neMutengi uye Standard iyi.
ASTM A252: Yakagadzirirwa mapaipi esimbi uye ine hunhu hwakadzama hwemakanika uye zvirevo zvekugadzirwa kwemakemikari zvemakirasi matatu ekushanda.
EN 10219: ine chekuita nemachubhu esimbi akasungirirwa akaumbwa nechando ekushandisa muchimiro kusanganisira mapaipi.
ISO 3183: Pombi yesimbi inoshandiswa muindasitiri yemafuta negesi, ine hunhu uye simba rinodiwa zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzerawo kutakura mapaipi.
API 5L: Inonyanya kushandiswa pakufambisa mapaipi muindasitiri yemafuta negesi, mwero wepamusoro unoitawo kuti ive yakakodzera kugadzira mapaipi anoremedzwa zvakanyanya.
CSA Z245.1: Inotsanangura mapaipi esimbi nezvishandiso zvekutakura mafuta negesi, izvo zvakakodzerawo pamapombi.
ASTM A690: Yakagadzirirwa mapaipi esimbi anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzegungwa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakafanana, zvichisimbisa kuramba ngura.
JIS A 5525: Pombi yesimbi inofukidza mapaipi emuJapan, kusanganisira zvinhu, kugadzirwa, saizi uye zvinodiwa pakushanda.
GOST 10704-91: Mapaipi esimbi akatwasuka akasungirirwa nemagetsi anoshandiswa muzvivakwa zvekuvaka nekugadzira, kusanganisira mapaipi.
GOST 20295-85: Ruzivo rwemapaipi esimbi akasungirirwa nemagetsi ekufambisa mafuta negasi, zvichiratidza mashandiro awo pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye munzvimbo dzakaoma, zvinoshanda pamapombi.
Kubva payakatangwa muna 2014, Botop Steel yave kambani inotungamira mukutengesa mapaipi esimbi yekabhoni kuChamhembe kweChina, inozivikanwa nebasa rakanaka kwazvo, zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, uye mhinduro dzakakwana.
Kambani iyi inopa mapaipi akasiyana-siyana esimbi yekabhoni nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nayo, zvinosanganisira mapaipi esimbi asina musono, ERW, LSAW, uye SSAW, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwakazara hwemapipi nemaflange.
Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvehunyanzvi zvinosanganisirawo alloys dzemhando yepamusoro uye simbi dzisina ngura dzinoshandiswa mukugadzira, dzakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nemapurojekiti akasiyana-siyana emapombi.
