"Ibyuma by'imiyoboro" ni iki?

Gukoresha icyuma gikoreshwa mu muyoboro w'amazi

Ibyuma by'umuyoboroImiterere y'ibicuruzwa irimo imiyoboro y'icyuma idakora neza n'imiyoboro y'icyuma ivanze, ishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: imisozi miremire, ahantu hafite sulfure nyinshi n'aho amazi ashyirwa hasi mu nyanja. Iyi miyoboro ifite ahantu hagoye ho gukorera ifite imirongo miremire kandi ntiyoroshye kuyibungabunga, kandi ifite ibisabwa bikomeye mu buziranenge.

Imbogamizi nyinshi ziterwa n'ibyuma bicukurwamo peteroli zirimo: inyinshi mu butaka bwa peteroli na gaze ziherereye mu turere tw'ibiyaga binini, ahantu hakonje, mu butayu no mu nyanja, kandi imiterere karemano irakomeye; cyangwa kugira ngo kunoze imikorere myiza y'ubwikorezi, uburebure bw'umuyoboro buhora bwaguka, kandi umuvuduko wo gutanga uhora wiyongera.

Imiterere y'icyuma cy'imiyoboro

Ukurikije isuzuma rusange ry’iterambere ry’imiyoboro ya peteroli na gazi, imiterere y’imiyoboro, uburyo nyamukuru bwo gucika intege n’impamvu zituma icika intege, ibyuma by’imiyoboro bigomba kugira imiterere myiza ya mekanike (urukuta runini, imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera cyane, kudashira), kandi bigomba kandi kugira umurambararo munini, bigomba kandi kugira umurambararo munini, ubushobozi bwo gusudira, ubukonje n’ubushyuhe buke, kurwanya ingese (CO2), kurwanya amazi yo mu nyanja na HIC, imikorere ya SSCC, nibindi.

①Imbaraga nyinshi

Ibyuma by'imiyoboro ntibisaba gusa imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura no gukomera kw'umusaruro, ahubwo bisaba kandi ko igipimo cy'umusaruro kiri hagati ya 0.85 ~ 0.93.

② Uburemere bukomeye

gukomera cyane bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko hacikagurika.

③Ubushyuhe bwo guhindura ibintu bugabanuka cyane

Uturere dukomeye n'ikirere giteye ubwoba bisaba ko icyuma cy'imiyoboro kigira ubushyuhe buke buhagije bwo guhinduranya imiyoboro. Agace ko gukatamo imiyoboro ka DWTT (Drop Weight Tear Test) kabaye ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo kugenzura kugira ngo imiyoboro idashobora gucika. Ibisobanuro rusange bisaba ko agace ko gukatamo imiyoboro kaba ≥85% ku bushyuhe bwo hasi bwo gukora.

④Irwanya cyane imiterere y'ingufu ziterwa na hydrogen (HIC) na sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC)

⑤ Imikorere myiza yo gusudira

Gusudira neza kw'icyuma ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umuyoboro w'amazi urusheho kuba mwiza kandi urusheho gusudira neza.