Ibintu by'ingenzi byo gupima ubuziranenge n'uburyo bwoimiyoboro idafite umugozi:
1. Reba ingano n'imiterere y'umuyoboro w'icyuma
(1) Igenzura ry'ubugari bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro w'icyuma: mikorometero, icyuma gipima ubugari bwa ultrasonic, amanota atari munsi ya 8 ku mpera zombi no kwandika.
(2) Igenzura ry'umurambararo w'inyuma w'umuyoboro w'icyuma n'uburyo upima uburebure bw'umuyoboro: ibipimo bya calliper, calipers za vernier, na gauges z'impeta kugira ngo bipime ingingo nini n'izito.
(3) Igenzura ry'uburebure bw'umuyoboro w'icyuma: kaseti y'icyuma, intoki, gupima uburebure bwikora.
(4) Igenzura ry'ingano y'umuyoboro w'icyuma ugonganye: umurongo, umurongo w'urwego (1m), umurongo w'icyuma upima, n'umurongo muto wo gupima urugero rw'uburebure kuri metero n'uburebure bwose bwo gugonganye.
(5) Igenzura ry'inguni y'umusenyi n'inkombe y'umusenyi idafite aho ihuriye n'umusenyi: umurongo ngenderwaho w'impande, isahani yo gufunga.
2. Igenzura ry'ubwiza bw'ubuso bwaimiyoboro idafite umugozi
(1) Igenzura ry'amaso n'intoki: mu gihe cy'urumuri rwiza, hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho, uburambe bwo kwerekana ibimenyetso, zunguza umuyoboro w'icyuma kugira ngo ugenzure neza. Ubuso bw'imbere n'inyuma bw'imiyoboro y'icyuma idakora ntibyemewe kugira icyuho, imikufi, inkovu, imizunguruko n'impinduka.
(2) Ikizamini kitangiza ibintu igenzura:
a. Gupima inenge za Ultrasonic UT: Ishobora kwibasirwa n'ubusembwa bwo hejuru n'imbere mu bikoresho bitandukanye hamwe n'ibikoresho bimwe.
b. Isuzuma rya Eddy current ET (electromagnetic induction) ahanini rishobora kwanduza inenge zimeze nk'umwobo.
c. Isuzuma rya Magnetic Particle MT na Flux Leakage Test: Isuzuma rya Magnetic rikwiriye mu kumenya inenge zo hejuru no hafi y'ubuso bw'ibikoresho bya ferromagnetic.
d. Gupima inenge za electromagnetic ultrasonic: Nta buryo bwo guhuza bukenewe, kandi bushobora gukoreshwa mu gupima inenge z'ubuso bw'umuyoboro w'icyuma ushyushye cyane, wihuta cyane kandi ugoye.
e. Gutahura inenge zinjira mu kirere: urumuri, ibara, kumenya inenge z'ubuso bw'imiyoboro y'icyuma.
3. Isesengura ry'imiterere y'ibinyabutabire:isesengura ry'imiti, isesengura ry'ibikoresho (igikoresho cya infrared CS, spectrometer yo gusoma mu buryo butaziguye, igikoresho cya NO, nibindi).
(1) Igikoresho cya CS cya infrared: Gusesengura ferroalloys, ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora ibyuma, n'ibintu bya C na S mu byuma.
(2) Spektrometero yo gusoma mu buryo butaziguye: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni, Cn, Al, W, V, Ti, B, Nb, As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi mu bipimo byinshi.
(3) Igikoresho cya N-0: isesengura ry'ibikubiye mu gazi N, O.
4. Igenzura ry'imikorere y'imicungire y'ibyuma
(1) Ikizamini cyo gukurura: gupima umuvuduko n'ihindagurika ry'ibikoresho, kumenya imbaraga (YS, TS) n'igipimo cya pulasitiki (A, Z) by'ibikoresho. Igice cy'umuyoboro w'ingero ndende n'iy'impande, imiterere y'uruziga, urugero rw'uruziga (￠10, ￠12.5) umurambararo muto, urukuta rworoshye, umurambararo munini, intera nini yo gupima urukuta. Icyitonderwa: Uburebure bw'icyitegererezo nyuma yo gucika bufitanye isano n'ingano y'icyitegererezo GB/T 1760
(2) Ikizamini cy'ingaruka: CVN, notch ubwoko bwa C, ubwoko bwa V, agaciro ka J J/cm2 Icyitegererezo gisanzwe 10×10×55 (mm) Icyitegererezo kidasanzwe 5×10×55 (mm).
(3) Ikizamini cy'ubukomere: Ubukomere bwa Brinell HB, Ubukomere bwa Rockwell HRC, Ubukomere bwa Vickers HV, n'ibindi.
(4) Ikizamini cya Hydraulic: igitutu cy'ikizamini, igihe cyo gutuza igitutu, p=2Sδ/D.
5. Umuyoboro w'icyuma utagira umushonoigenzura ry'imikorere y'ibikorwa
(1) Ikizamini cyo gupima: icyitegererezo cy'uruziga Icyitegererezo gifite ishusho ya C (S/D>0.15) H=(1+2)S/(∝+S/D) L=40～100mm, ingano ya deformation kuri buri gice cy'uburebure=0.07～0.08
(2) Ikizamini cyo gukurura impeta: L=15mm, nta gisebe cyemewe
(3) Ikizamini cyo gushyushya no kuzunguruka: ubushyuhe bwo hagati ni 30°, 40°, 60°
(4) Ikizamini cyo kunama: Gishobora gusimbura ikizamini cyo kunama (ku miyoboro minini)
6. Isesengura rya metallographic ryaumuyoboro udafite umushono
Ikizamini cyo gupima uburebure bw'umusatsi (isesengura rya mikorosikopi), ikizamini cyo gupima uburebure bw'umusatsi (isesengura rya makorosikopi) ikizamini cy'umusatsi gifite ishusho y'umunara kugira ngo hasesengurwe ingano y'uduce tw'umusatsi tutari utw'icyuma, hagaragazwe ingirangingo n'ibisembwa bike (nk'uburebure, gutandukanya, uduheri two munsi y'umubiri, nibindi), kandi hagenzurwe umubare, uburebure n'uko imiyoboro y'umusatsi ikwirakwira.
Imiterere y’ubwinshi bw’ibice by’umubyimba muke (macro): Uduce tw’umweru tugaragara neza, ibintu bitwikiriye, uduheri two munsi y’umubiri, guhindukira no gukuramo ibice by’uruhu ntibyemewe ku bice by’isuzuma ry’ubwinshi bw’ibice by’imiyoboro y’icyuma idakora neza.
Imiterere y'ingufu nyinshi (microscope): Suzuma ukoresheje mikorosikopi ya elegitoroni ikomeye. Isuzuma ry'umurongo w'ingufu z'umunara: gerageza umubare, uburebure n'uburyo imiyoboro y'ingufu ikwirakwira.
Buri gice cy'imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite umugozi cyinjira mu ruganda kigomba kuba kiri kumwe n'icyemezo cy'ubuziranenge kigaragaza ubuziranenge bw'ibiri mu gice cy'imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite umugozi.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 18 Nzeri 2023