Ibyuma gakondo bigira uruhare runini mu gukora ibyuma, byaba ibyuma bitagira umuze bikoreshwa mu bikoresho by’ubuvuzi cyangwa mu mafi, ibyo ari byo byose mu bisekuru by’ibyuma bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rikomeye byakozwe mu myaka mike ishize ku nganda z’imodoka, cyangwa ibyuma nka aluminiyumu na titaniyumu, bifite igipimo gikomeye cy’uburemere n’ubudahangarwa bwinshi bw’ingufu, bigatuma bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zikora indege, zitunganya peteroli n’izikora imiti.
Ibi ni ko bigenda no ku byuma bimwe na bimwe bya karuboni, cyane cyane aloyi zifite ingano ya karuboni na manganese. Bitewe n'ingano y'ibintu bivangavanga, bimwe muri byo birakwiriye mu gukorauduce duto, ibikoreshonaimiyoboromu nganda zitunganya ibinyabutabire n'amavuta. Byose bihuriye ku kintu kimwe: ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri ubu buryo bigomba kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira kuvunika no gucika kw'ingufu (SCC).
Imiryango ikora ubuziranenge nka American Society of Manufacturing Engineers (ASME) na ASTM International (yahoze yitwa American Society for Testing and Materials) itanga ubuyobozi muri uru rwego. Amategeko abiri ajyanye n'inganda akoreshwa mu bucuruzi-Boiler ya ASMEn'Ubwato bw'Umuvuduko (BPVD) Igice cya VIII, Igice cya 1, na ASME B31.3, Imiyoboro y'Ibikorwa - ikemura icyuma cya karuboni (ikintu cyose kirimo 0.29% kugeza 0.54% karuboni na 0.60% kugeza 1.65% manganese, ibikoresho birimo icyuma). byoroshye gukoreshwa mu turere dushyuha, mu turere dushyuha cyane no mu bushyuhe buri munsi ya dogere -20 Fahrenheit. Ariko, ibibazo biherutse kugaragara ku bushyuhe bw'ikirere byatumye hasuzumwa neza ingano n'ibipimo by'ibintu bitandukanye bikoreshwa mu gukora ibyo bikoresho, ibikoresho n'ibindi. imiyoboro y'icyuma ya api.
Kugeza vuba aha, ASME cyangwa ASTM ntabwo byasabaga isuzuma ry’ingaruka kugira ngo byemezwe ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi bya karuboni bikoreshwa mu bushyuhe buri munsi ya dogere -20 Fahrenheit. Icyemezo cyo gukuraho bimwe mu bicuruzwa gishingiye ku miterere y’amateka y’ibikoresho. Urugero, iyo ubushyuhe buke bw’icyuma (MDMT) ari dogere -20 Fahrenheit, ntabwo ikoreshwa mu isuzuma ry’ingaruka bitewe n’uruhare rwayo rusanzwe muri ibyo bikorwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 19 Mata 2023