JIS G 3455ni Indangagaciro z’Ubuyapani (JIS) zikoreshwa mu gutanga serivisi y’umuvuduko mwinshi ku bushyuhe bwa 350 °C cyangwa munsi yayo, cyane cyane ku bice bya mekanike.
Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa STS370ni umuyoboro w'icyuma ufite imbaraga nkeya zo gukurura za MPa 370 n'imbaraga nkeya zo gutanga umusaruro za MPa 215, ufite ingano ya karuboni itarenze 0.25% n'ingano ya silikoni iri hagati ya 0.10% na 0.35%, kandi ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikorwa bisaba imbaraga nyinshi no gusudira neza, nko mu nyubako, ibiraro, amato ashyushye, n'ibikoresho by'ubwato.
JIS G 3455 ifite amanota atatu.STS370, STS410, STA480.
Umurambararo wo hanze wa 10.5-660.4mm (6-650A) (1/8-26B).
Imiyoboro igomba gukorwa muriicyuma cyishwe.
Icyuma cyishwe ni icyuma cyakuweho ogisijeni burundu mbere yo gushyirwa mu bimera cyangwa mu bundi buryo. Ubu buryo bugizwe no kongeramo ikintu kidakuraho ogisijeni nka silikoni, aluminiyumu, cyangwa manganese mu cyuma mbere yuko gikomera. Ijambo "kishwe" rigaragaza ko nta mwuka wa ogisijeni ubaho mu cyuma mu gihe cyo gukomera.
Mu gukuraho ogisijeni, icyuma cyishwe kirinda ikorwa ry’udupira tw’umwuka mu cyuma gishongeshejwe, bityo birinda imyenge n’udupira tw’umwuka mu gicuruzwa cya nyuma. Ibi bituma icyuma kiba kimwe kandi cyuzuye gifite imiterere myiza kandi gifite ubuziranenge bw’imiterere.
Ibyuma byishwe birakwiriye cyane cyane gukoreshwa mu bintu bisaba ubwiza n'uburambe, nk'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, inyubako nini, n'imiyoboro ifite ibisabwa byiza cyane.
Ukoresheje ibyuma byishwe mu gukora imiyoboro, ushobora kwizera ko imikorere myiza izakomeza kandi ko ubuzima bwawe buzakomeza, cyane cyane mu bidukikije bifite imitwaro iremereye n'umuvuduko.
Byakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukora bunoze hamwe n'uburyo bwo kurangiza.
Umuyoboro w'icyuma ushyushye kandi udafite umugozi: SH;
Umuyoboro w'icyuma ukozwe mu buryo bukonje kandi butarimo umugozi: SC.
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo butagira umugozi, bishobora kugabanywamo imiyoboro y'icyuma idakora mu buryo budafite umugozi ifite umurambararo wo hanze urenga mm 30 hakoreshejwe uburyo bushyushye bwo kurangiza, na mm 30 hakoreshejwe uburyo bukonje bwo kurangiza.
Dore uko ibintu bigenda mu gutunganya Hot-finished seamless.
Gutera ibinyabiziga mu bushyuhe buke bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kunoza ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho, kugabanya ubukana, no kunoza ubukomere, kandi birakwiriye ibyuma bikonjeshwa.
Gukoresha uburyo busanzwe bikoreshwa mu kunoza imbaraga n'ubukomere bw'ibikoresho, kugira ngo icyuma kirusheho kuba cyiza mu kwihanganira stress ya mekanike n'umunaniro, akenshi bikoreshwa mu kunoza imikorere y'icyuma gikonje.
Binyuze muri ubu buryo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe, imiterere y'imbere y'icyuma iranozwa kandi imiterere yacyo iravugururwa, bigatuma kiba cyiza cyane gukoreshwa mu nganda zikenera imbaraga nyinshi.
Isesengura ry'ubushyuhe rigomba kuba rihuye na JIS G 0320. Isesengura ry'ibicuruzwa rigomba kuba rihuye na JIS G 0321.
| urwego | C (Karuboni) | Si (Silicone) | Mn (Manganese) | P (Fosforu) | S (Sulfure) |
| STS370 | 0.25% ntarengwa | 0.10-0.35% | 0.30-1.10% | 0.35% ntarengwa | 0.35% ntarengwa |
Isesengura ry'ubushyuheigamije ahanini kugerageza imiterere y'ibinyabutabire mu bikoresho fatizo.
Mu gusesengura imiterere y’ibinyabutabire mu bikoresho fatizo, birashoboka guhanura no guhindura intambwe zo gutunganya n’imiterere ishobora kuba ikenewe mu gikorwa cyo gukora, nko gupima ubushyuhe no kongeramo ibintu bivangavanze.
Isesengura ry'ibicuruzwaisesengura imiterere y'ibinyabutabire by'ibicuruzwa byarangiye kugira ngo irebe ko byujuje ibisabwa n'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa bya nyuma.
Isesengura ry’ibicuruzwa rituma impinduka zose, inyongera cyangwa umwanda ushoboka mu bicuruzwa mu gihe cyo kubitunganya bigenzurwa kandi ko ibicuruzwa bya nyuma byujuje ibisabwa mu buhanga n’ibisabwa mu kubikoresha.
JIS G 3455 agaciro k'isesengura ry'ibicuruzwa ntikagomba kubahiriza gusa ibisabwa n'ibintu biri mu mbonerahamwe iri hejuru, ahubwo n'urwego rw'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu rugomba kubahiriza ibisabwa na JIS G 3021 Imbonerahamwe ya 3.
Agaciro k'uburebure bw'igice cy'igerageza No. 12 (gihuye n'umurongo w'imiyoboro) n'igice cy'igerageza No. 5 (gishingiye ku murongo w'imiyoboro) cyakuwe mu miyoboro iri munsi ya mm 8 z'ubugari bw'urukuta.
| Ikimenyetso cy'icyiciro | Igice cy'igerageza cyakoreshejwe | Kurekura umunota, % | ||||||
| Ubunini bw'urukuta | ||||||||
| ＞1 ≤2 mm | ＞2 ≤3 mm | ＞3 ≤4 mm | ＞4 ≤5 mm | ＞5 ≤6 mm | ＞6 ≤7 mm | ＞7 ＜8 mm | ||
| STS370 | Nomero 12 | 21 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 30 |
| Nomero 5 | 16 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | |
| Agaciro k'uburebure muri iyi mbonerahamwe kaboneka hakuwemo 1.5% ku gaciro k'uburebure katanzwe muri Imbonerahamwe ya 4 kuri buri 1 mm y'ubugari bw'urukuta igabanutseho mm 8, hanyuma hagashyirwa igisubizo ku mubare w'inyongera nk'uko biteganywa n'Itegeko A rya JIS Z 8401. | ||||||||
Ikizamini cyo gupima ibintu gishobora gukurwaho keretse iyo umuguzi yabigennye ukundi.
Shyira icyitegererezo mu mashini hanyuma ukigorore kugeza igihe intera iri hagati y’ibikoresho byombi igeze ku gaciro kagenwe H. Hanyuma urebe niba icyitegererezo cyacitse.
Mu gihe upima umuyoboro uhujwe ukoresheje imbaraga zikomeye, umurongo uri hagati y’umuyoboro n’aho hagati uba ugororotse ukurikije icyerekezo cyo gukanda.
H=(1+e)t/(e+t/D)
H: Intera iri hagati ya plateni (mm)
t: Ubugari bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro (mm)
D: umurambararo wo hanze w'umuyoboro (mm)
e:ihoraho igenwa kuri buri rwego rw'umuyoboro.0.08 kuri STS370: 0.07 kuri STS410 na STS480.
Ikwiriye imiyoboro ifite umurambararo wo hanze wa ≤ 50 mm.
Icyitegererezo kigomba kuba kidafite imyenge iyo gipfundikiye kuri dogere 90, imbere hakagira umurambararo ukubye inshuro 6 umurambararo wo hanze w'umuyoboro.
Inguni yo gupfunyika igomba gupimwa mu ntangiriro y'ipfunyika.
Buri muyoboro w'icyuma ugomba gupimwa hifashishijwe amashanyarazi cyangwa utangizakugira ngo habeho ireme n'umutekano w'umuyoboro no kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga imikoreshereze yawo.
Ikizamini cya Hydraulic
Iyo nta gitutu cy’igerageza cyagaragajwe, igitutu cy’igerageza ry’amazi ntarengwa kigomba kugenwa hakurikijwe Gahunda y’imiyoboro.
| Ubunini bw'urukuta rwihariye | 40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 120 | 140 | 160 |
| Umuvuduko muto w'ikizamini cya hydraulic, Mpa | 6.0 | 9.0 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 20 |
Iyo ubugari bw'urukuta rw'umurambararo w'inyuma w'umuyoboro w'icyuma butari agaciro gasanzwe mu mbonerahamwe y'uburemere bw'umuyoboro w'icyuma, ni ngombwa gukoresha formula kugira ngo ubare agaciro k'umuvuduko.
P=2st/D
P: igitutu cy'ikizamini (MPa)
t: ubugari bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro (mm)
D: umurambararo wo hanze w'umuyoboro (mm)
s: 60% by'agaciro ntarengwa k'umusaruro cyangwa uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byatanzwe.
Iyo igitutu gito cyane cy’ikizamini cya hydrostatic cy’umubare wa gahunda watoranijwe kirenze igitutu P cyabonetse hakoreshejwe formula, igitutu P kigomba gukoreshwa nk’igitutu gito cyane cy’ikizamini cya hydrostatic aho guhitamo igitutu gito cyane cy’ikizamini cya hydrostatic kiri mu mbonerahamwe iri hejuru.
Ikizamini kitangiza
Isuzuma ry'imiyoboro y'ibyuma ritangiza ibidukikije rigomba gukorwa naisuzuma rya ultrasound cyangwa eddy current.
Kuriikoranabuhanga rya ultrasoundimiterere y'igenzura, ikimenyetso gituruka ku cyitegererezo cy'icyitegererezo kirimo igipimo ngenderwaho cy'icyiciro cya UD nk'uko byavuzwe muriJIS G 0582igomba gufatwa nk'urwego rw'intabaza kandi igomba kugira ikimenyetso cy'ibanze kingana cyangwa kirenze urugero rw'intabaza.
Uburyo busanzwe bwo kumenya uburyo bwo gupimaumuyoboro wa eddyisuzuma rigomba kuba icyiciro cya EU, EV, EW, cyangwa EX cyavuzwe muriJIS G 0583, kandi nta bimenyetso bigomba kubaho bingana cyangwa birenga ibimenyetso bivuye mu cyitegererezo cy’icyitegererezo kirimo amahame ngenderwaho y’icyiciro cyavuzwe.
Kugira ngo ubone byinshiImbonerahamwe y'uburemere bw'imiyoboro n'ingengabihe y'imiyoboromuri gahunda isanzwe, ushobora gukanda.
Umuyoboro wa gahunda ya 40 ukwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo buri hagati y’umuvuduko muto n’ubuciriritse kuko utanga ubugari buringaniye bw’urukuta budakoresha uburemere bukabije n’ikiguzi ariko kandi ugatanga imbaraga zihagije.
Imiyoboro ya gahunda ya 80 ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikenera gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, nko mu gutunganya imiti n'imiyoboro yo kohereza peteroli na gaze, bitewe n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi n'ingaruka zikomeye za mekanike bitewe n'ubunini bw'inkuta zayo, bigatuma habaho umutekano, umutekano n'ubudahangarwa bw'inyongera.
Buri cyuma kigomba kuba cyanditseho amakuru akurikira.
a)Ikimenyetso cy'icyiciro;
b)Ikimenyetso cy'uburyo bwo gukora;
c)InganoUrugero rwa 50AxSch80 cyangwa 60.5x5.5;
d)Izina ry'uwakoze cyangwa ikirango kiranga.
Iyo umurambararo w'inyuma wa buri muyoboro ari muto kandi bigoye gushyira ikimenyetso kuri buri muyoboro, cyangwa iyo umuguzi asaba ko buri muyoboro w'amazi ushyirwaho ikimenyetso, buri muyoboro ushobora gushyirwaho ikimenyetso hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye.
STS370 ikwiriye uburyo bwo kohereza amazi mu buryo bw'umuvuduko muto ariko bukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Sisitemu zo gushyushya: Mu buryo bushyushya mu mujyi cyangwa mu nyubako nini, STS370 ishobora gukoreshwa mu gutwara amazi ashyushye cyangwa umwuka kuko ishobora kwihanganira igitutu n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe muri sisitemu.
Inganda zitanga amashanyarazi: Mu gukora amashanyarazi, hakenewe imiyoboro myinshi y'umwuka ushyushye cyane, kandi STS370 ni yo ikoreshwa neza mu gukora iyi miyoboro kuko ishobora kwihanganira igihe kirekire cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ahantu hakorerwa imirimo hashyushye cyane.
Sisitemu z'umwuka zifunze: Mu nganda n'imiyoboro ikora mu buryo bwikora, umwuka ufunze ni isoko y'ingenzi y'ingufu, kandi umuyoboro w'icyuma wa STS370 ukoreshwa mu kubaka imiyoboro y'izi sisitemu kugira ngo habeho ko umwuka utangwa neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe.
Imikoreshereze y'inyubako n'imashini rusangeBitewe n'imiterere yayo myiza ya mekanike, STS370 ishobora no gukoreshwa mu gukora ibice bitandukanye by'imiterere n'imashini, cyane cyane mu bikorwa aho hakenewe imbaraga runaka zo gukanda.
JIS G 3455 STS370 ni ibikoresho by'icyuma cya karuboni bikoreshwa mu gutanga umuvuduko mwinshi. Ibikoresho bikurikira bishobora gufatwa nk'ibingana cyangwa hafi ya byose:
1. ASTM A53 Icyiciro B: Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo rusange mu by'ubwubatsi no mu mashini ndetse no mu gutwara amazi.
2. API 5L Icyiciro B: Ku miyoboro yo gutwara peteroli na gaze ifite umuvuduko mwinshi.
3. DIN 1629 St37.0: Ku bijyanye n'ubuhanga rusange bw'imashini n'ubwubatsi bw'amato.
4. EN 10216-1 P235TR1: Umuyoboro w'icyuma utagira umushongi ukoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'ikirere gishyushye cyane.
5. ASTM A106 Icyiciro B: Umuyoboro w'icyuma cya karuboni udafite umushongi wo gutanga serivisi ku bushyuhe bwinshi.
6.ASTM A179: Imiyoboro n'imiyoboro by'icyuma gikonjesha bidakora neza kandi bikozwe mu buryo bukonje kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu bushyuhe buke.
7. DIN 17175 St35.8: Ibikoresho by'umuyoboro udafite umushongi byo gukoresha boilers n'imiyoboro y'umuvuduko.
8. EN 10216-2 P235GH: Imiyoboro n'imiyoboro bidafite umushongi by'icyuma kidakoresha aloyi n'icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Kuva yashingwa mu 2014, Botop Steel yabaye ikigo gikomeye mu kugurisha imiyoboro y'icyuma cya karuboni mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa, izwiho gutanga serivisi nziza, ibicuruzwa byiza, n'ibisubizo birambuye. Iyi sosiyete itanga imiyoboro itandukanye y'icyuma cya karuboni n'ibindi bifitanye isano, harimo imiyoboro y'icyuma ya ERW, LSAW, na SSAW, ndetse n'urutonde rwuzuye rw'imiyoboro n'ibice by'imiyoboro.
Ibikoresho byayo byihariye birimo kandi aloi nziza n'ibyuma bitagira umugese bya austenitic, byakozwe kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo imishinga itandukanye y'imiyoboro isaba.
