ASTM A500 ni imiyoboro y’ibyuma bya karuboni ikozwe mu buryo bukonje kandi idafite umugozi ikoreshwa mu kubaka inyubako z’ibiraro n’inyubako zivanze, zipfundikiye, cyangwa zipfundikiye hamwe n’inyubako rusange.
Umuyoboro wa Grade C ni umwe mu mibare ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gutanga umusaruro wa MPa 345 n'imbaraga zo gukurura za MPa 425.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kuriASTM A500, ushobora gukanda kugira ngo urebe!
ASTM A500 ishyira imiyoboro y'icyuma mu byiciro bitatu,urwego rwa B, urwego rwa C, n'urwego rwa D.
CHS: Ibice by'uruziga bifite ububobere.
RHS: Ibice bifite impande enye cyangwa impande enye.
EHS: Ibice bifite ububobere bwa elliptical.
Icyuma kigomba gukorwa hakoreshejwe bumwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira:ogisijeni y'ibanze cyangwa itanura ry'amashanyarazi.
Umuyoboro w'amazi ugomba gukorwa naumushororocyangwa inzira yo gusudira.
Imiyoboro ishongeshejwe igomba gukorwa mu cyuma gipfundikiye gikozwe mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi (ERW). Igice cy'ubugari bw'imiyoboro ishongeshejwe kigomba gupfundikirwa mu bugari bwacyo ku buryo imbaraga z'imiterere y'igice cy'imiyoboro zizemezwa.
ASTM A500 Grade C ishobora gukurwaho cyangwa kugabanya stress.
Gushyushya umuyoboro kugeza ku bushyuhe bwinshi hanyuma ugakonjesha buhoro buhoro. Gushyushya umuyoboro bihindura imiterere y'ibikoresho kugira ngo birusheho gukomera no kuba bingana.
Gukuraho stress muri rusange bikorwa no gushyushya ibikoresho kugeza ku bushyuhe buri hasi (ubusanzwe buri hasi y’ubwo gushyushya) hanyuma ukabifata igihe runaka hanyuma ukabikonjesha. Ibi bifasha kwirinda guhindagurika cyangwa kwangirika kw’ibikoresho mu gihe cy’ibikorwa bikurikira nko gusudira cyangwa gukata.
Inshuro zo gupima: Ingero ebyiri z'umuyoboro zakuwe muri buri gice cy'ibice 500 cyangwa igice cyabyo, cyangwa ingero ebyiri z'ibikoresho bizingiye birambuye byakuwe muri buri gice cy'ibice by'ibikoresho bizingiye birambuye.
Uburyo bwo kugerageza: Uburyo n'imikorere bijyanye no gusesengura imiti bigomba kuba bihuye n'uburyo bwo gupima, imikorere, n'amagambo A751.
| Ibisabwa mu butabire,% | |||
| Imiterere | Icyiciro cya C | ||
| Isesengura ry'ubushyuhe | Isesengura ry'ibicuruzwa | ||
| C (Karuboni)A | umubare ntarengwa | 0.23 | 0.27 |
| Mn (Manganese)A | umubare ntarengwa | 1.35 | 1.40 |
| P (Fosforu) | umubare ntarengwa | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| S (Sulfure) | umubare ntarengwa | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| Cu (Umuringa)B | umunota | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| AKuri buri kugabanuka kwa 0.01 ku ijana munsi y’ingano ntarengwa yagenwe kuri karuboni, kwiyongera kwa 0.06 ku ijana hejuru y’ingano ntarengwa yagenwe kuri manganese byemewe, kugeza ku 1.50% binyuze mu gusesengura ubushyuhe na 1.60% by’ibikomoka ku bimera. BNiba icyuma kirimo umuringa cyavuzwe mu itegeko ryo kugura. | |||
Ingero z'ibipimo byo gukurura zigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa n'uburyo bwo gupima n'ibisobanuro A370, Umugereka A2.
| Ibisabwa ku gukurura | ||
| Urutonde | Icyiciro cya C | |
| Ingufu zo gukurura, nibura | psi | 62,000 |
| MPa | 425 | |
| Ingufu z'umusaruro, nibura | psi | 50,000 |
| MPa | 345 | |
| Uburebure bwa santimetero 50 (50 mm), ubugari,C | % | 21B |
| BIkoreshwa ku bunini bw'inkuta (t) bungana cyangwa burenga 0.120 in. [3.05mm]. Ku bunini bw'inkuta bworoheje, agaciro ntarengwa ko kurekura kagomba kuba ku bwumvikane n'uwakoze. CAgaciro ntarengwa k’uburebure kavuzwe kareba gusa ibizamini byakozwe mbere yo kohereza umuyoboro. | ||
Mu igerageza, icyitegererezo gishyirwa mu mashini ipima ikoresheje imbaraga nke hanyuma kikaramburwa buhoro buhoro kugeza kivunitse. Mu gihe cyose cy'igikorwa, imashini ipima yandika amakuru y'imbaraga n'imbaraga nke, bityo igatanga umurongo uhuza imbaraga n'imbaraga nke. Uyu murongo udufasha kwiyumvisha inzira yose kuva ku guhinduka kwa elastic kugeza ku guhinduka kwa pulasitiki kugeza ku gucika, no kubona imbaraga z'umusaruro, imbaraga zo gukomera n'ingano y'uburebure.
Uburebure bw'ingero: Uburebure bw'icyitegererezo cyakoreshejwe mu gupima ntibugomba kuba munsi ya mm 65 (2 1/2 inches).
Ikizamini cy'ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bidafite aho bihuriye n'ubushobozi: Nta gucika cyangwa kuvunika, icyitegererezo kiraseswa hagati y’amasahani ateganye kugeza igihe intera iri hagati y’amasahani iri munsi y’agaciro ka "H" kabazwe hakoreshejwe formula ikurikira:
H=(1+e)t/(e+t/D)
H = intera iri hagati y'amasahani arambuye, muri. [mm],
e= guhindura uburebure bwa buri gice (bihoraho ku rwego runaka rw'icyuma, 0.07 ku rwego rwa B, na 0.06 ku rwego rwa C),
t = ubugari bw'urukuta rwagenwe rw'imiyoboro, muri. [mm],
D = umurambararo w'inyuma w'umuyoboro, muri. [mm].
Ubunyangamugayotikoreshwa: Komeza ugorore icyitegererezo kugeza igihe icyitegererezo cyamenetse cyangwa inkuta z’icyitegererezo zihurira.
Gutsindwacriteria: Gushishwa kw'ibishishwa cyangwa ibikoresho byoroheje bibonetse mu gihe cyo gupima bizaba impamvu yo kwangwa.
Ikizamini cyo gutwika kirahari ku miyoboro izengurutse ifite umurambararo wa ≤ mm 254 (inchi 10), ariko si itegeko.
| Urutonde | Aho biherereye | Icyitonderwa |
| Ingano y'inyuma (OD) | ≤48mm (inchi 1.9) | ± 0.5% |
| ＞mm 50 (inchi 2) | ± 0.75% | |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta (T) | Ubunini bw'urukuta bwagenwe | ≥90% |
| Uburebure (L) | ≤6.5m (22ft) | -6mm (1/4in) - +13mm (1/2in) |
| ＞6.5m (22ft) | -6mm (1/4in) - +19mm (3/4) | |
| Kugororoka | Uburebure buri mu bice by'ubwami (ft) | L/40 |
| Ibipimo by'uburebure ni metric (m) | L/50 | |
| Ibisabwa mu kwihanganira ingano zijyanye n'icyuma cy'uruziga | ||
Ubushobozi bwo kumenya inenge
Inenge zo ku buso zishyirwa mu byiciro by'inenge iyo uburebure bw'inenge zo ku buso bungana ku buryo ubugari bw'urukuta rusigaye buri munsi ya 90% by'ubugari bw'urukuta rwagenwe.
Ibibabi byavuwe, ibibabi bito cyangwa ibizinga, cyangwa ibizinga bito cyane ntibifatwa nk'ibisesenguzi iyo bishobora gukurwaho mu rugero rwagenwe rw'ubugari bw'urukuta. Ibi bisebe byo hejuru ntibisaba gukurwaho ku ngufu.
Gusana neza inenge
Inenge zifite ubugari bw'inkuta kugeza kuri 33% by'ubugari bwagenwe zigomba gukurwaho hakoreshejwe gukata cyangwa gusya kugeza igihe icyuma kidafite inenge kigaragaye.
Niba ari ngombwa gusudira imigozi, hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwo gusudira imigozi itose.
Nyuma yo kuvugurura, icyuma gisigaye kigomba gukurwaho kugira ngo haboneke ubuso bworoshye.
Izina ry'uruganda, ikirango, cyangwa ikirango cy'ubucuruzi; imiterere y'ibisobanuro (umwaka wo gusohokaho ntusabwa); n'ibaruwa y'icyiciro.
Ku muyoboro w’inyubako ufite umurambararo wo hanze wa santimetero 10 cyangwa munsi yawo, amakuru yerekeye umwirondoro yemerewe ku birango bifatanye neza na buri gapfunyika k’umuyoboro.
Hariho kandi amahitamo yo gukoresha barcode nk'uburyo bw'inyongera bwo kumenya, kandi ni byiza ko barcode zihuye n'ibipimo bya AIAG B-1.
1. Kubaka inyubako: Icyuma cya Grade C gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bwubatsi bw'inyubako aho bikenewe ko hashyirwaho inkunga y'inyubako. Gishobora gukoreshwa ku nkuta z'ingenzi, ku bisenge, hasi no ku nkuta zo hanze.
2. Imishinga y'ibikorwa remezo: Ku biraro, ibyapa by'umuhanda, n'inkingi z'umuhanda kugira ngo bitange ubufasha n'uburambe bukenewe.
3. Ibikoresho by'inganda: mu nganda zikora n'ahandi hantu h'inganda, ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusimbuza, gushushanya, no mu nkingi.
4. Inyubako z'ingufu zisubira: Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kubaka inyubako z'ingufu z'umuyaga n'izuba.
5. Ibikoresho bya siporo n'ibikoresho: inyubako z'ibigo bya siporo nk'aho bambara imyenda y'abana, inkingi z'izamu, ndetse n'ibikoresho byo gukora siporo.
6. Imashini z'ubuhinzi: Ishobora gukoreshwa mu kubaka amadirishya y'imashini n'ububiko.
Ingano: Tanga umurambararo wo hanze n'ubugari bw'urukuta kugira ngo habeho imiyoboro izengurutse; tanga ingano z'inyuma n'ubugari bw'urukuta kugira ngo habeho imiyoboro kare n'uruziga.
Ingano: Vuga uburebure bwose (ibirenge cyangwa metero) cyangwa umubare w'uburebure bukenewe.
Uburebure: Garagaza ubwoko bw'uburebure busabwa - butunguranye, bwinshi, cyangwa bwihariye.
Ibisobanuro bya ASTM 500: Tanga umwaka w'itangazwa ry'ibisobanuro bya ASTM 500 byavuzwe.
Icyiciro: Garagaza urwego rw'ibikoresho (B, C, cyangwa D).
Imiterere y'ibikoresho: Garagaza ko ibikoresho ari umuyoboro ukonje.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Garagaza niba umuyoboro udafite umugozi cyangwa urimo imashini.
Gukoresha burundu: Sobanura uburyo umuyoboro ugenewe gukoreshwa
Ibisabwa byihariye: Andika ibindi bisabwa bitarebwa n'ibipimo ngenderwaho.
Turi uruganda rukora imiyoboro ya karubone ikoze mu byuma bishyushye kandi rutanga serivisi nziza ruturutse mu Bushinwa, tukaba tunatanga imiyoboro y'ibyuma bishyushye kandi bidafite umugozi, tuguha ibisubizo bitandukanye by'imiyoboro y'ibyuma!
Niba ushaka kumenya amakuru arambuye ku bicuruzwa by'imiyoboro y'icyuma, ushobora kutwandikira!
