ASTM A335 P9, izwi kandi nka ASME SA335 P9, ni umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite umugozi ukozwe mu cyuma gishyuha cyane ukoreshejeUNS No. K90941.
Ibintu bivangavanze ahanini ni chromium na molybdenum. Ingano ya chromium iri hagati ya 8.00 - 10.00%, mu gihe ingano ya molybdenum iri hagati ya 0.90% - 1.10%.
P9Ifite imbaraga nziza kandi irwanya ingese mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu byuma bitanga umuriro, ibikoresho bya peteroli, n'ibigo by'amashanyarazi aho bikenewe mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
⇒ Ibikoresho: Umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite umugozi wa ASTM A335 P9 / ASME SA335 P9.
⇒Umurambararo wo hanze: 1/8"- 24".
⇒Ubunini bw'urukuta: Ibisabwa na ASME B36.10.
⇒Gahunda: SCH10, SCH20, SCH30, SCH40, SCH60, SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 na SCH160.
⇒Indangamuntu: STD (isanzwe), XS (ikomeye cyane), cyangwa XXS (ikomeye cyane inshuro ebyiri).
⇒Uburebure: Uburebure bwihariye cyangwa butunguranye.
⇒Guhindura: Ingano y'inyuma idasanzwe, ubugari bw'urukuta, uburebure, n'ibindi hakurikijwe ibisabwa.
⇒Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo: Dushobora gutanga ibikoresho bimwe byo kugonga, imigozi yo gusiga stamping, n'ibindi bikoresho by'icyuma bishyigikira imiyoboro.
⇒Icyemezo cya IBR: Icyemezo cya IBR gishobora gutangwa nibiba ngombwa.
⇒Iherezo: Impera isanzwe, impera ifite imigozi, cyangwa impera y'umuyoboro uvanze.
⇒Gupakira: agasanduku k'ibiti, umukandara w'icyuma cyangwa insinga z'icyuma, ubwirinzi bw'imiyoboro ya pulasitiki cyangwa icyuma.
⇒Ubwikorezi: hakoreshejwe ubwato bwo mu mazi cyangwa indege.
Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa ASTM A335 ugomba kuba udafite umugozi.
Umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite umushongi ni umuyoboro w'icyuma utagira imiyoboro yo gusudiramo.
Kubera ko umuyoboro w'icyuma udapfundikiye utagira imigozi ipfundikiye mu miterere yawo, wirinda ibyago bishobora guterwa n'ibibazo by'ubuziranenge bw'imigozi. Iyi miterere yemerera umuyoboro udapfunditse kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi imiterere yawo y'imbere irushaho kwemeza ubuziranenge n'umutekano w'umuyoboro mu bidukikije bifite umuvuduko mwinshi.
Byongeye kandi, ubwizerwe bwa ASTM A335 tube burushaho kwiyongera iyo hongewemo ibintu byihariye byo guhuza ibyuma kugira ngo bigire ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe buboneka ku bikoresho bya P9 burimo gushyushya burundu cyangwa gushyushya cyane, ndetse no gushyushya no gushyushya. Uburyo bwo kuvugurura no gushyushya bufite ubushyuhe bwa 1250°F [675°C].
Ibintu by'ingenzi bivanga P9 niCrnaMo, ari zo aloyi za chromium-molybdenum.
Cr (Chromium): Nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi cy'icyuma gikozwe muri aloyide, Cr itanga imbaraga nziza cyane mu bushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya ogisijeni. Ikora agace ka chromium oxide gakomeye ku buso bw'icyuma, yongera ubushobozi bwo kudahungabana no kwangirika kw'umuyoboro ku bushyuhe bwinshi.
Mo (Molybdenum): Kongeramo Mo byongera cyane imbaraga n'ubukomere bw'ibyuma bivanze, cyane cyane mu bidukikije birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mo kandi ifasha mu kunoza imbaraga z'ibikoresho, ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe burambye.
Imiterere yo Gufata
P5, P5b, P5c, P9,P11, P15, P21, na P22: Ingufu zo gukurura no gukuraho ni zimwe.
P1, P2, P5, P5b, P5c, P9, P11, P12, P15, P21, na P22: Uburebure bumwe.
AImbonerahamwe ya 5 itanga agaciro ntarengwa kabazwe.
Iyo ubugari bw'urukuta buri hagati y'agaciro kavuzwe haruguru, agaciro gato k'uburebure gagenwa n'uburyo bukurikira:
Uburebure, P9: E = 48t + 15.00 [E = 1.87t + 15.00]
Guhindura, P9: E = 32t + 15.00 [E = 1.25t + 15.00]
aho:
E = uburebure muri mm 2 cyangwa 50, %,
t = ubunini nyabwo bw'ibipimo, muri. [mm].
Ubukomere
P9 ntisaba gupima ubukana.
P1, P2, P5, P5b, P5c, P9, P11, P12, P15, P21, P22, na P921: Nta gipimo cy'ubukomere gikenewe.
Iyo umurambararo wo hanze ufite metero 250 n'ubugari bw'urukuta ≤ metero 0.75, byose bigomba gupimwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya hydrostatic.
Igitutu cy'igerageza gishobora kubarwa hakoreshejwe ikigereranyo gikurikira.
P = 2St/D
P= igitutu cy'ikizamini cya hydrostatic muri psi [MPa];
S= uburemere bw'urukuta rw'imiyoboro muri psi cyangwa [MPa];
t= ubunini bw'urukuta bwagenwe, ubunini bw'urukuta bw'izina hakurikijwe inomero ya ANSI yagenwe cyangwa inshuro 1.143 z'ubunini bw'urukuta bwagenwe, muri. [mm];
D= umurambararo w'inyuma wagenwe, umurambararo w'inyuma ujyanye n'ingano y'umuyoboro wa ANSI wagenwe, cyangwa umurambararo w'inyuma wabazwe wongeraho 2t (nk'uko byasobanuwe haruguru) ku murambararo w'imbere wagenwe, muri. [mm].
Igihe cy'igerageza: Bika nibura 5segonda, nta gusohoka.
Iyo umuyoboro utagomba gupimwa n'amazi, hagomba gukorwa ikizamini kitangiza kuri buri muyoboro kugira ngo hamenyekane inenge.
Igeragezwa rya P9 ritangiza rigomba gukorwa hakoreshejwe bumwe mu buryoE213, E309 or E570.
E213: Imyitozo yo gupima imiyoboro y'icyuma n'imiyoboro ya Ultrasonic;
E309: Imyitozo yo gusuzuma ibikoresho bya "Eddy Current" bya "Steel Tubular" hakoreshejwe "Magnetic Saturation";
E570: Imyitozo yo gusuzuma ubwinshi bw'amazi mu byuma bikoresha icyuma cya Ferromagnetic;
Impinduka zemewe mu bugari
Itandukaniro ry'umurambararo rishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe 1. hashingiwe ku murambararo w'imbere cyangwa 2. hashingiwe ku murambararo w'inyuma cyangwa uw'inyuma.
1. Umurambararo w'imbere: ± 1%.
2. NPS [DN] cyangwa umurambararo wo hanze: Ibi bihuye n'itandukaniro ryemewe mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
Impinduka zemewe mu bunini bw'urukuta
Ubunini bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro aho ari ho hose ntibugomba kurenza ubushobozi bwagenwe.
Ubunini bw'urukuta n'umurambararo wo hanze kugira ngo harebwe niba byujuje ibi bisabwa ku muyoboro wategetswe na NPS [DN] n'inomero y'imbonerahamwe bigaragazwa muriASME B36.10M.
Ibikubiye mu gushyira ikimenyetso: Izina ry'umukora cyangwa ikirango; inomero isanzwe; urwego; uburebure n'ikimenyetso cy'inyongera "S".
Ibimenyetso by'umuvuduko w'amazi n'ibizamini bitangiza mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo nabyo bigomba gushyirwamo.
Ahantu ho gushyira ikimenyetso: Gushyira ikimenyetso bigomba gutangira nko muri santimetero 300 uvuye ku mpera y'umuyoboro.
Ku miyoboro ifite uburebure bwa metero 1 cyangwa munsi ya NPS, ikimenyetso cy'amakuru gishobora gushyirwa ku gishushanyo.
Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa ASTM A335 P9 ukoreshwa cyane mu byuma bitanga umuriro, amatara y'amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu bikoresho bya peteroli, n'ibindi, bigomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Amabati: Cyane cyane mu miyoboro y'umwuka n'imiyoboro yo kongera gushyushya ya boilers zikomeye cyane na ultra-supercritical ku bushyuhe n'umuvuduko mwinshi cyane.
Ibikoresho bya peteroli: Nk'imiyoboro ya cracker n'imiyoboro ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikoresha umwuka n'imiti bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikenera ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bwiza kandi birwanya ingese.
Sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi: Ku miyoboro y'umwuka n'ibishyushya bifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ndetse no ku miyoboro y'imbere ya turbine kugira ngo ihangane n'igihe kirekire cy'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Ibikoresho bya P9 bifite amanota yabyo asanzwe mu buryo butandukanye bw'igihugu.
EN 10216-2: 10CrMo9-10;
GB/T 5310: 12Cr2Mo;
JIS G3462: STBA 26;
ISO 9329: 12CrMo195;
GOST 550: 12ChM;
Mbere yo guhitamo ibikoresho bingana, ni byiza ko hakorwa igereranya ryimbitse ry’imikorere n’igeragezwa kugira ngo harebwe ko ibikoresho bisimbura ibyo bikoresho byujuje ibisabwa ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’umwimerere.
Kuva yashingwa mu 2014,Botop Steelyabaye ikigo gikomeye mu kugurisha imiyoboro y'icyuma cya karuboni mu majyaruguru y'Ubushinwa, kizwiho gutanga serivisi nziza, ibicuruzwa byiza, n'ibisubizo byuzuye.
Iyi kompanyi itanga imiyoboro itandukanye y’icyuma cya karuboni n’ibindi bifitanye isano, birimo imiyoboro y’icyuma idakora neza, ERW, LSAW, na SSAW, ndetse n’urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiyoboro n’ibice bifunganye. Ibicuruzwa byayo byihariye birimo kandi alloys nziza n’ibyuma bitarangirika bya austenitic, byakozwe kugira ngo bihuze n’ibikenewe mu mishinga itandukanye y’imiyoboro.
Twandikire niba ufite icyo ukeneye cyangwa ubaza ku bijyanye n'imiyoboro y'icyuma. Twishimiye kwakira amakuru yawe kandi twiteguye kugufasha.
