ASTM A335 P12 (ASME SA335 P12) ni umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite umugozi wagenewe serivisi zishyushye cyane.
Ibintu by'ingenzi bya P12 bivangavanze ni 0.08–1.25% ya chromium na 0.44–0.65% ya molybdenum, bikayishyira mu cyiciro cy'icyuma cya Cr-Mo alloy.
Iki gikoresho gitanga imbaraga nziza cyane mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kirwanya ubushyuhe, kandi kirwanya ogisijeni, kandi gikoreshwa cyane mu byuma bishyushya, ibishyushya cyane, ibihindura ubushyuhe, n'imiyoboro y'imiyoboro y'umuvuduko.
Imiyoboro ya P12 ikunze gukoreshwa mu gupfunyika, gukurura (vanstone), n'ibindi bikorwa nk'ibyo byo gushushanya, ndetse no mu gusudira fusion.
Mu gihe cyo gupima imiterere y'imiti ya P12, bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe ASTM A999. Ibisabwa ku miterere y'imiti ni ibi bikurikira:
| Icyiciro | Imiterere, % | ||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo | |
| P12 | 0.05 - 0.15 | 0.30 - 0.61 | Ibipimo ntarengwa bya 0.025 | Ibipimo ntarengwa bya 0.025 | 0.50 ntarengwa | 0.08 - 1.25 | 0.44 - 0.65 |
Chromium yongera cyane ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'imiyoboro y'icyuma kandi ikongera ubushobozi bwo kuyirinda mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'igihe kirekire. Molybdenum yongera imbaraga mu bushyuhe bwinshi no kudacika intege.
| Icyiciro | ASTM A335 P12 | |
| Imbaraga zo gukurura, ubugari, ksi [MPa] | 60 [415] | |
| Ingufu z'umusaruro, min, ksi [MPa] | 32 [220] | |
| Uburebure bwa santimetero 2 cyangwa 50 (cyangwa 4D), ubugari, % | Indashyikirwa | Impinduka |
| Uburebure bw'ibanze bw'urukuta rufite ubugari bwa mm 8 no hejuru yarwo, ibizamini byo gupima, no ku bunini bwose buto bwageragejwe mu gice cyose. | 30 | 20 |
| Iyo hakoreshejwe urugero rusanzwe rw'uburebure bwa mm 2 cyangwa 50 cyangwa ingano ntoya ingana na 4D (inshuro 4 z'umurambararo) | 22 | 14 |
| Ku bipimo bya strip, hagomba gukurwaho 1/32 muri [0.8 mm] y'ubugari bw'urukuta ruri munsi ya 5/16 in. [8 mm] ku burebure bw'ibanze bw'ingingo zikurikira z'ijanisha. | 1.50 | 1.00 |
Uruganda n'imiterere yarwo
imiyoboro y'icyuma ya ASTM A335 P12 igomba gukorwa nainzira idahindagurikakandi bigomba kuba bishyushye cyangwa bikonje, nk'uko byavuzwe.
Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe
Imiyoboro yose ya P12 igomba kongera gushyushywa kugira ngo ivugururwe kandi ivugururwe hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'ameza.
| Icyiciro | Ubwoko bw'Ubushyuhe | Ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya cyangwa gushyushya butari mu buryo bw'ingenzi |
| ASTM A335 P12 | anneal yuzuye cyangwa isothermal | — |
| kuvugurura no gukabya | 1200 ℉ [650 ℃] | |
| anneal yo mu rwego rwo hasi | 1200 ~ 1300 ℉ [650 ~ 705 ℃] |
Buri burebure bw'umuyoboro ufite umurambararo wo hanze urenze santimetero 250 n'ubugari bw'urukuta buri munsi cyangwa bungana na santimetero 0.75 [19] bugomba gukorerwa isuzuma rya hydrostatic.
Ubundi buryo, ikizamini kidasenya gikurikije ASTM E213, E309, na E570 gishobora gukoreshwa.
Uko uburyo bwo gupima bwatoranyijwe bwaba buri kose, bugomba kugaragazwa ku kirango cy'umuyoboro, hamwe n'ibisabwa ku kirango ku buryo bukurikira:
| Ultrasonic | Gusohora kw'amazi mu mazi | Umuyoboro wa Eddy | Amazi akoreshwa mu mazi | Gushyira ikimenyetso |
| No | No | No | Yego | Igipimo cy'umuvuduko |
| Yego | No | No | No | UT |
| No | Yego | No | No | FL |
| No | No | Yego | No | EC |
| Yego | Yego | No | No | UT / FL |
| Yego | No | Yego | No | UT / EC |
| No | No | No | No | NH |
| Yego | No | No | Yego | UT / Igipimo cy'umuvuduko |
| No | Yego | No | Yego | FL / Igipimo cy'umuvuduko |
| No | No | Yego | Yego | Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa EC / Ikizamini |
Ubwihangane mu Bipimo
Ku miyoboro yatumijwe kuri NPS [DN] cyangwaumurambararo wo hanze, ihindagurika ry'umurambararo wo hanze ntirigomba kurenza ibyavuzwe mu mbonerahamwe y'ibipimo.
| Umushushanyi wa NPS [DN] | Impinduka zemewe | |
| muri. | mm | |
| 1/8 kugeza 1 1/2 [6 kugeza 40], santimetero. | ± 1/64 [0.015] | ± 0.40 |
| Hejuru ya santimetero 1 1/2 kugeza kuri 4 [40 kugeza 100]. | ± 1/32 [0.031] | ± 0.79 |
| Santimetero 4 kugeza kuri 8 [100 kugeza kuri 200], santimetero. | -1/32 - +1/16 [-0.031 - +0.062] | -0.79 - +1.59 |
| Santimetero 8 kugeza kuri 12 [200 kugeza kuri 300]. | -1/32 - +3/32 [-0.031 - 0.093] | -0.79 - +2.38 |
| Abarenga 12 [300] | ± 1% by'umurambararo wo hanze wavuzwe | |
Ku miyoboro yatumijweumurambararo w'imbere, umurambararo w'imbere ntugomba gutandukana kurenza ± 1% ugereranije n'umurambararo w'imbere wavuzwe.
Kwihanganira ubunini bw'urukuta
Uretse ingano y’ubugari bw’urukuta rw’umuyoboro ishyirwaho n’ingano y’uburemere muri ASTM A999, ubugari bw’urukuta rw’umuyoboro aho ugeze bugomba kuba buri mu rugero rw’ubushobozi bwo gusohora umuriro mu mbonerahamwe y’ingufu.
| Umushushanyi wa NPS [DN] | Kwihanganira, % by'ifishi byagaragajwe |
| 1/8 kugeza 2 1/2 [6 kugeza 65] harimo ibipimo byose bya t/D | -12.5 - +20.0 |
| Hejuru ya 2 1/2 [65], t/D ≤ 5% | -12.5 - +22.5 |
| Hejuru ya 2 1/2, t/D ＞ 5% | -12.5 - +15.0 |
t = Ubunini bw'urukuta rwagenwe; D = Umurambararo wo hanze wagenwe.
| ASME | ASTM | EN | GB | JIS |
| ASME SA335 P12 | ASTM A213 T12 | EN 10216-2 13CrMo4-5 | GB/T 5310 15CrMoG | JIS G 3462 STBA22 |
Ibikoresho:imiyoboro n'ibikoresho by'icyuma bya ASTM A335 P12 bidafite umugozi;
Ingano:1/8" kugeza kuri 24", cyangwa byahinduwe hakurikijwe ibyo ukeneye;
Uburebure:Uburebure butunguranye cyangwa gukata hakurikijwe amabwiriza;
Gupfunyika:Igitambaro cy'umukara, impera zikozwe mu migozi, ibikingira impera z'imiyoboro, amasanduku y'ibiti, n'ibindi.
Inkunga:Icyemezo cya IBR, igenzura rya TPI, MTC, gukata, gutunganya, no guhindura ibintu;
MOQ:metero 1;
Amategeko yo kwishyura:T/T cyangwa L/C;
Igiciro:Twandikire kugira ngo ubone ibiciro biheruka by'imiyoboro y'icyuma ya P12.
