Machubu a ASTM A334 ndi machubu a kaboni ndi zitsulo zopangidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kutentha kochepa ndipo zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopanda msoko komanso zolumikizidwa.
Makulidwe ena a zinthu mwina sangapezeke malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi chifukwa makulidwe a makoma olemera amakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pa zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kochepa.
Kugawa Magiredi
ASTM A334 ili ndi mitundu ingapo ya malo osiyanasiyana otentha pang'ono.
Giredi 1, Giredi 3, Giredi 6, Giredi 7, Giredi 8, Giredi 9, ndi Giredi 11.
Magiredi ogwirizana aMachubu achitsulo a alloy ndi Giredi 3, Giredi 7, Giredi 8, Giredi 9, ndi Giredi 11..
Chitsulo chilichonse chili ndi kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi zofunikira zake pa kapangidwe ka makina, komanso miyezo yochepa yoyesera kutentha yomwe iyenera kukwaniritsidwa.
Njira Zopangira
Machubu ayenera kupangidwa ndiwopanda msokokapena zokhanjira yowotchererapopanda kuwonjezera chitsulo chodzaza mu ntchito yowotcherera.
Kutentha Chithandizo
Giredi 1, 3, 6, 7, ndi 9
Sinthani kutentha mwa kutentha kofanana kwa osachepera 1550 °F [845 °C] ndikuziziritsa mumlengalenga kapena m'chipinda choziziritsira cha ng'anjo yoyendetsedwa ndi mlengalenga.
Ngati kutenthetsa kukufunika, kuyenera kukambidwanso.
Kwa machubu achitsulo opanda msoko omwe ali pamwambapa okha:
Tenthetsani ndikuwongolera kutentha kwa ntchito yotenthetsera ndi kutentha kwa ntchito yotenthetsera mpaka kutentha komaliza kuyambira 1550 - 1750 °F [845 - 955℃] ndikuziziritsa mu uvuni wolamulidwa kuchokera kutentha koyambirira kosachepera 1550 °F [845 °C].
Giredi 8
Sankhani njira iliyonse mwa izi pochiza kutentha.
Wozimitsidwa ndi Wofatsa;
Wokhazikika kawiri komanso wofatsa.
Giredi 11
Ngati machubu a Giredi 11 awonjezeredwa, mgwirizano umachitika pakati pa wogula ndi wogulitsa.
Machubu a Giredi 11 akamangiriridwa, ayenera kusinthidwa kukhala abwinobwino pa kutentha kwa 1400 - 1600℉[760 - 870 °C].
Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala ka ASTM A334
Pa zitsulo za Giredi 1 kapena Giredi 6, siziloledwa kupereka mitundu yolumikizira zinthu zina kupatula zomwe zimafunika mwachindunji. Komabe, ndizololedwa kuwonjezera zinthu zofunika kuti chitsulocho chichotsedwe mu okosijeni.
Mayeso a Makina a ASTM A334
Zofunikira pa kapangidwe ka makina sizigwira ntchito pa mapaipi ochepera 1/8 inchi [3.2 mm] m'mimba mwake wakunja komanso makulidwe a khoma osakwana 0.015 inchi [0.4 mm].
1. Katundu Wolimba
Kutalikitsa pang'ono komwe kumawerengedwa pa kuchepetsa kulikonse kwa makulidwe a khoma kwa mainchesi 0.80 [0.80 mm]:
Pa chubu chochepera 1/2 inchi [12.7 mm] m'mimba mwake wakunja, miyeso yotalikira yomwe yaperekedwa pa zitsanzo za mizere iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Mayeso a Zotsatira
Sankhani kutentha koyenera ndi mphamvu yogwirizana nayo kutengera mtundu ndi makulidwe a khoma.
Mphamvu Yokhudza Mphamvu
Kutentha kwa Mphamvu
| Giredi | Kutentha kwa Mayeso a Impact | |
| ℉ | ℃ | |
| Giredi 1 | -50 | -45 |
| Giredi 3 | -150 | -100 |
| Giredi 6 | -50 | -45 |
| Giredi 7 | -100 | -75 |
| Giredi 8 | -320 | -195 |
| Giredi 9 | -100 | -75 |
3. Mayeso a Kuuma
| Giredi | Rockwell | Brinell |
| Giredi 1 | B 85 | 163 |
| Giredi 3 | B 90 | 190 |
| Giredi 6 | B 90 | 190 |
| Giredi 7 | B 90 | 190 |
| Giredi 8 | — | — |
| Giredi 11 | B 90 | 190 |
4. Mayeso Ophwanyika
Kuyesa kamodzi kosalala kuyenera kupangidwa pa zitsanzo kuchokera kumapeto kulikonse kwa chubu chimodzi chomalizidwa cha gawo lililonse koma osati chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuwala kapena flange.
5. Mayeso a Kuwala (Machubu Opanda Msoko)
Kuyesa kamodzi kokha kuyenera kupangidwa pa zitsanzo kuchokera kumapeto kwa chubu chimodzi chomalizidwa cha gawo lililonse, koma osati chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kupendekera.
6. Mayeso a Flange (Machubu Osefedwa)
Kuyesa kwa flange imodzi kuyenera kupangidwa pa zitsanzo kuchokera kumapeto kwa chubu chimodzi chomalizidwa cha gawo lililonse, koma osati chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuthyola.
7. Mayeso Osinthira Ozungulira
Pa machubu olumikizidwa, mayeso amodzi opingasa kumbuyo ayenera kupangidwa pa chitsanzo kuchokera pa 1500 ft [460 m] iliyonse ya chubu chomalizidwa.
Mayeso amagetsi a Hydrostatic kapena Osawononga
Chitoliro chilichonse chiyenera kuyesedwa ndi magetsi osawononga kapena kuyesedwa ndi madzi motsatira Specification A1016/A1016M.
Mapulogalamu a Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha ASTM A334
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ponyamula madzi kapena mpweya monga gasi wachilengedwe, mafuta, ndi mankhwala ena pa kutentha kochepa.
1. Makina a mapaipi a Cryogenic: imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mapaipi oyendetsera madzi a cryogenic (monga mpweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka, nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi). Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zabwino kwambiri za cryogenic, imatha kusunga mphamvu ya makina komanso kulimba kwake kutentha kochepa kwambiri.
2. Zosinthira kutentha ndi zoziziritsira kutentha: Zosinthira kutentha ndi zoziziritsira kutentha zingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino kuziziritsa kapena kutentha zinthu zotenthetsera, makamaka m'mafakitale a mankhwala ndi petrochemical.
3. Mitsempha yothamanga: ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito popanga zotengera zopanikizika zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a cryogenic. Zotengerazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusungira mankhwala a cryogenic kapena ntchito zapadera zamafakitale.
4. Makina ndi zida zosungiramo firijiMachubu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula ma refrigerant, makamaka komwe kumafunika zinthu zosatentha kwambiri.
Muyezo Wofanana wa ASTM A334
EN 10216-4: Imaphimba machubu achitsulo osapangidwa ndi zitsulo komanso opangidwa ndi zitsulo, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zodziwika bwino zotentha pang'ono.
JIS G 3460: ikugwirizana ndi machubu achitsulo cha alloy kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati cryogenic.
GB/T 18984: imagwira ntchito pa machubu achitsulo opanda msoko pa ziwiya zopopera mpweya. Imafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka machubu achitsulo oyenera malo otentha kwambiri.
Ngakhale miyezo iyi ingasiyane mwatsatanetsatane komanso zofunikira zinazake, ndi yofanana mu cholinga chake chonse komanso momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito, zomwe ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mapaipi achitsulo ndi otetezeka komanso amagwira ntchito bwino m'malo omwe ali ndi cryogenic.
Zogulitsa Zathu Zofanana
Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2014, Botop Steel yakhala kampani yotsogola yogulitsa mapaipi achitsulo cha kaboni kumpoto kwa China, yodziwika bwino chifukwa cha ntchito zabwino kwambiri, zinthu zapamwamba, komanso mayankho omveka bwino.
Kampaniyo imapereka mapaipi osiyanasiyana achitsulo cha kaboni ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo, kuphatikizapo mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko, ERW, LSAW, ndi SSAW, komanso mndandanda wathunthu wa zolumikizira mapaipi ndi ma flange. Zogulitsa zake zapadera zimaphatikizaponso zitsulo zapamwamba kwambiri ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic, zopangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za mapulojekiti osiyanasiyana a mapaipi.
Ma tag: ASTM A334, chitoliro chachitsulo cha kaboni, astm a334 gr 6, astm a334 gr 1.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-20-2024