Chitoliro cha madzi chachitsulo cha AWWA C213ndi chophimba cha FBE chomwe chimayikidwa pamwamba ndi kunja kwa chitoliro chachitsulo kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mapaipi amadzi achitsulo pansi pa nthaka kapena pansi pa madzi.
Chophimba ichi chimateteza ku dzimbiri ndipo chimatsimikizira kuti mapaipi amagwira ntchito modalirika kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo omwe ali pansi pa nthaka kapena m'madzi.
Chitoliro chakunja cha payipi ≥ 660mm [24in]. Chipinda cha epoxy resin chokhala ndi mwayi wolowera ku chitoliro kuti chiziyang'aniridwa ndi kukonzedwa.
Ma diameter a mapaipi achitsulo <660mm [24in] angakhalenso oyenera, bola ngati pali njira yoyenera yowunikira umphumphu wa chophimba chamkati.
Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE)ndi utomoni wa epoxy wopangidwa ndi ufa wouma womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kutentha, womwe, ukagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kutentha, umapanga zotsatira za mankhwala pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo pamene ukusunga mawonekedwe ake.
Ufa wa epoxy uyenera kukhala ndi chinthu chimodzi cholumikizidwa ndi fusion chomwe chili ndi epoxy resin, curing agent, catalyst, filler, colorant, flow control agent, ndi UV inhibitor.
Zipangizo ziyenera kutsatira zofunikira zaLamulo la Madzi Omwe Akumwa Motetezeka.
Ngati pakufunika kutsatira malamulo a NSF, zinthu zomwe zikugwirizana ndi madzi abwino ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa motsatira NSF/ANSI/CAN Standard 61.
Kawirikawiri, kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto ndi pafupifupi65°C (150°F)Komanso, moyo wa ntchito ya chophimbacho umachepetsedwa mwa kusunga kutentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ufa wa epoxy ukapakedwa pa zinthu zomwe zatenthedwa kale pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera kwamagetsi, kupopera madzi kapena mpweya kenako n’kuchiritsidwa, umapanga chophimba choteteza chofanana.
Ntchito zenizeni ndi izi:
Kuyang'anira Mapaipi ndi Kukonza Chisamaliro
Pamwamba pake pasakhale zilema zomwe zimakhudza chinthu chomaliza, monga ma burrs, ma gouges, ndi ma weld spatters, zomwe zingachotsedwe powasambitsa.
Ndipo pamwamba pake pasakhale matope, utoto wa mphero, sera, phula la malasha, phula, mafuta, mafuta, ma chloride, ndi zinthu zina zakunja kapena zinthu zina zodetsa zomwe zingayake kutentha kwa epoxy komwe kumagwirizanitsidwa. Chotsani madontho owoneka a mafuta ndi mafuta popukuta ndi chosungunulira chomwe sichisiya zotsalira.
Kukonzekera Pamwamba
Gwiritsani ntchito kupukuta mchenga wouma kuti muyeretse dzimbiri pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo.
Zofunikira pa Malo Ophulika: Pamene kutentha kwa chitoliro chachitsulo kuli 3°C (5℉) pamwamba pa kutentha kwa mame point.
Ukhondo wa Pamwamba: Pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo chochotsedwa pa chivindikirocho payenera kukhala motsatira SSPC-SP10/NACE No. 2.
Kukhwima kwa pamwamba: Kuzama kwa tinthu ta nangula pakati pa 51-102 μm (2.0-4.0 mil) komwe kumayesedwa motsatira ASTM D4417. Izi zitha kuyezedwa ndi chopondera cha nangula kapena mita ya nangula.
Kukhwima kwa pamwamba komwe kuli kozama kwambiri kapena kosaya kwambiri kudzakhudza momwe chophimba chomaliza cha FBE chimagwirira ntchito.
Dziwani: Chonde dziwani nthawi yomwe imatenga pakati pa kutha kwa kuchotsedwa kwa chitoliro ndi njira yophikira kuti mupewe dzimbiri.
Kuyeretsa Mpweya
Mpweya wopanikizika wopanda zodetsa uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupukutira fumbi, mchenga, kapena zinthu zina zakunja kuchokera pansi pa chitoliro chokonzedwa mwanjira yosakhudza pamwamba poyeretsedwa, chitoliro china choyeretsedwa, kapena chitoliro choti chiphimbidwe kapena kupakidwa.
Kutentha kwa Mapaipi
Tenthetsani chitoliro chachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito gwero la kutentha lomwe siliyenera kuipitsa pamwamba pa chitoliro, koma lisapitirire 274°C (525°F).
Kutentha kwambiri kungasinthe mawonekedwe ndi kulimba kwa chitsulocho.
Kutentha kwa pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo kungayesedwe pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha thermometer kapena thermometer yowunikira yolinganizidwa.
Ngati mtundu wabuluu upezeka, chitolirocho chiyenera kuziziritsidwa kutentha kozungulira ndikuphwanyidwanso.
Njira Yophikira
Ufa wa FBE umayikidwa mofanana pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo chotenthedwa pogwiritsa ntchito bedi losungunuka, kupopera ndi electrostatic, kapena kupopera ndi mpweya.
Mizere, yopindika, kapena mizu yake siyenera kuphimbidwa ndi FBE.
Pamene zolumikizira zolumikizidwa ndi mphira kapena zolumikizira zamakaniki zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, epoxy iyenera kufikira kumapeto kwa chitoliro pokhapokha ngati wogula wanena mwanjira ina.
Kuziziritsa
Kuziziritsa kungachitike ndi mpweya kapena madzi.
PQTGulani Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha AWWA C213 Water Transmission muyeso wochepa musanagule wochuluka. Kuyesa koyambirira kumachitika kuti zitsimikizire kuti chinthu kapena makina akukwaniritsa zofunikira zinazake zaubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Izi zikuphatikizapo kuyezetsa kwa labotale, kuwunika momwe zinthu zikuyendera, ndi njira zina.
Maonekedwe
Epoxy nthawi zambiri iyenera kukhala yosalala.
Epoxy siyenera kukhala ndi matuza, ming'alu, thovu, delamination, kapena zolakwika zina zooneka.
Zolakwika zokongoletsa, monga kusweka, kusweka kwa ma dimpling, kusweka, kuphimba, kupopera, ndi/kapena khungu la lalanje, siziyenera kuonedwa ngati chifukwa chokanidwa kapena kukonzedwa.
Kuyang'ana magetsi kuti aone ngati akupitilizabe (kuyesa kwa tchuthi chamagetsi otsika)
Kupitiriza kwa kupaka kuyenera kufufuzidwa motsatira NACE SPO490.
Za zophimba mkatiNgati ndi makulidwe a 20 mils (508 um) kapena kuchepera, chowunikira chotsika cha holiday chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yotsika ya 75 V chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito motsatira NACE SPO188.
Ngati chiwerengero cha maholide chapitirira chiwerengero chomwe chili pansi pa chophimbacho chidzafunika kuchotsedwa ndikupangidwanso.
Chidutswa chakunja (OD) <14in (360 mm), 1 holiday/mita (3 ft).
Chipinda chakunja (OD) ≥ 14in (360 mm), 1 holiday/25 ft² (2.3 mm²).
Tengani maholide owunikidwa, akonzeni, ndipo yesaninso.
Kumatira
Kumamatira kwa epoxy yokonzedwa pamwamba pa chitoliro kungatheke mwa kukankhira tsamba lakuthwa kudzera mu epoxy pamwamba pa chitoliro ndikugwiritsa ntchito kulima pofuna kuchotsa epoxy pamwamba pa chitoliro.
Epoxy iyenera kumamatiridwa mokwanira ku chitoliro chomwe chili pa chitolirocho kuti isagwedezeke ndipo ikhale yopanda zinyalala zosweka komanso igwirizane ndikuchuluka kwa kumatirira kwa 1-3.
Kukhuthala
Kukhuthala kwa filimu yophikira yokonzedwa sikuyenera kupitirira 305um (12mil), kuphatikizapo mipata yothira.
Mu mtundu wakale wa AWWA C213, panali malire a makulidwe apamwamba a 406 um (16 mils), omwe achotsedwa mu mtundu waposachedwa chifukwa cha zovuta kukwaniritsa izi panthawi yopanga zinthu zenizeni.
Mayeso Owonjezera
Mayeso ena akhoza kufotokozedwa kuti adziwe momwe epoxy imagwirira ntchito.
1. Kubowola kwa ming'alu.
2. Kupindika kwa mawonekedwe.
3. Kusanthula kutentha (DSC).
4. Kupsinjika kosatha (kupindika).
5. Kunyowetsa madzi.
6. Mphamvu.
7. Kuyesa kwa kusweka kwa Cathodic.
Iyenera kulembedwa bwino dzina la wopanga, mtundu wa zinthu, nambala ya gulu kapena malo, tsiku lopangidwa, ndi momwe zinthuzo zimasungidwira.
Makamaka pa mapaipi operekera madzi
Zophimba zakunja nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza mapaipi ku dzimbiri la chilengedwe, pomwe zophimba zamkati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi madzi, kuchepetsa kukana kukangana, komanso kukulitsa moyo wa mapaipi. Zophimba izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti makina a mapaipi ndi odalirika komanso olimba, kutsatira miyezo yaukhondo, komanso kuchepetsa kufunikira kokonza.
ANSI/AWWA C203: Zophimba ndi Zipinda Zoteteza ku Malasha ndi Taya za Chitoliro cha Madzi cha Chitsulo.
ANSI/AWWA C209: Zophimba Matepi a Chitoliro cha Madzi ndi Zolumikizira Zachitsulo.
ANSI/AWWA C210: Zophimba ndi Zophimba za Liquid-Epoxy za Chitoliro cha Madzi ndi Zolumikizira za Chitsulo.
Botop Steel ndi Welded yapamwamba kwambiriChitoliro cha Zitsulo za Mpweyawopanga ndi wogulitsa kuchokera ku China, yemwenso ndi wogulitsa mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko.
Botop Steel ili ndi kudzipereka kwakukulu pa khalidwe ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera ndi kuyesa mwamphamvu kutikuonetsetsa kuti malonda ndi odalirika. Gulu lake lodziwa bwino ntchito limapereka mayankho ogwirizana ndi zosowa za makasitomala komanso thandizo la akatswiri, poganizira kwambiri kukhutitsidwa kwa makasitomala. Tikuyembekezera kugwira nanu ntchito.
