ASTM A500 ndi mapaipi opangidwa ndi chitsulo cha kaboni cholumikizidwa komanso chopanda msoko omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira milatho yolumikizidwa, yokhotakhota, kapena yolumikizidwa ndi maboliti komanso nyumba zomangira komanso ntchito zina zonse.
Giredi Bndi chubu chopangidwa ndi chitsulo cha kaboni chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chofewa kapena chosasunthika chokhala ndi mphamvu yotulutsa yosachepera 315 MPa [46,000 psi] komanso mphamvu yokoka yosachepera 400 MPa [58,000], chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulojekiti osiyanasiyana omanga ndi makina chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake komanso kulimba kwake.
ASTM A500 imagawa chitoliro chachitsulo m'magulu atatu,giredi B,giredi C, ndi giredi D.
Za machubu okhala ndim'mimba mwake wakunja ≤ 2235mm [88in]ndimakulidwe a khoma ≤ 25.4mm [1in].
Komabe, ngati njira yowotcherera ya ERW ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, mapaipi okha okhala ndi mainchesi 660 mm ndi makulidwe a khoma a 20 mm ndi omwe angapangidwe.
Ngati mukufuna kugula chitoliro chokhala ndi makulidwe akuluakulu a khoma, mungasankhe kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowotcherera ya SAW.
CHS: Zigawo zozungulira zopanda kanthu.
RHS: Zigawo zokhala ndi malo ozungulira kapena ozungulira.
EHS: Zigawo zopanda kanthu zozungulira.
Chitsulocho chiyenera kupangidwa ndi njira imodzi kapena zingapo zotsatirazi:mpweya woyambira kapena ng'anjo yamagetsi.
Njira Yoyambira ya Oxygen: Iyi ndi njira yamakono yopangira chitsulo mwachangu, yomwe imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kaboni mwa kupumira mpweya mu chitsulo chosungunuka cha nkhumba pamene ikuchotsa zinthu zina zosafunikira monga sulfure ndi phosphorous. Ndi yoyenera kupanga chitsulo chochuluka mwachangu.
Njira Yopangira Utoto Wamagetsi: Njira Yopangira Utoto Wamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito arc yamagetsi yotentha kwambiri kuti isungunule zinyalala ndikuchepetsa chitsulo mwachindunji, ndipo ndi yothandiza kwambiri popanga mitundu yapadera komanso kuwongolera kapangidwe ka alloy, komanso kupanga zinthu zazing'ono.
Machubu ayenera kupangidwa ndicholumikizidwa ndi magetsi (ERW)njira.
Chitoliro cha ERW ndi njira yopangira weld poyika zinthu zachitsulo mu silinda ndikugwiritsa ntchito kukana ndi kukakamiza kutalika kwake.
Machubu a Giredi B amatha kuchotsedwa kapena kuchepetsedwa kupsinjika.
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ka chitsulo cha ASTM A500 Giredi B kamakhala ndi mpweya wochepa ndi manganese kuti zitsimikizire kuti makinawo ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso kuti zinthu zizitha kusunthika. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa phosphorous ndi sulfure kumayendetsedwa bwino kuti zisamawonongeke, ndipo kuwonjezera pang'ono kwa mkuwa kumathandiza kuti dzimbiri lisawonongeke.
Makhalidwe amenewa ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zomangamanga, makamaka m'malo omwe kusungunula bwino komanso kulimba kumafunika.
Zitsanzo ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ASTM A370, Appendix A2.
| Mndandanda | Giredi B | |
| Mphamvu yokoka, mphindi | psi | 58,000 |
| MPa | 400 | |
| Mphamvu yobereka, mphindi | psi | 46,000 |
| MPa | 315 | |
| Kutalika kwa mainchesi awiri (50 mm), mphindi,C | % | 23A |
| AZimagwira ntchito pa makulidwe a khoma (t) ofanana kapena kupitirira 0.180 inchi. [4.57mm]. Pa makulidwe a khoma opepuka, kuchuluka kochepa kwa kutalika kudzawerengedwa ndi fomula: kuchuluka kwa kutalika mu 2 inchi. [50 mm] = 61t+ 12, kozungulira kufika pa peresenti yapafupi. Pa A500M gwiritsani ntchito fomula iyi: 2.4t+ 12, kozungulira kufika pa peresenti yapafupi. CMiyezo yocheperako yotalikira yomwe yatchulidwa imagwira ntchito kokha pamayeso omwe anachitika asanatumize chubu. | ||
KulukanadlusotEst: Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha mainchesi osachepera 100 (100 mm) m'litali, tambasulani chitsanzocho ndi weld pa 90° kulowera komwe mukunyamula mpaka mtunda pakati pa mbale ukhale wochepera 2/3 wa m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa chitoliro. Chitsanzocho sichiyenera kusweka kapena kusweka mkati kapena kunja kwa malo panthawiyi.
Mayeso a ductility ya chitoliro: pitirizani kusalaza chitsanzocho mpaka mtunda pakati pa mbale uli wochepera theka la m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa chitolirocho. Panthawiyi, chitolirocho sichiyenera kukhala ndi ming'alu kapena kusweka mkati ndi kunja.
UmphumphutEst: Pitirizani kusalaza chitsanzocho mpaka chitasweka kapena mpaka zofunikira za makulidwe a khoma zitakwaniritsidwa. Ngati umboni wa kusweka kwa ply, zinthu zosakhazikika, kapena ma weld osakwanira utapezeka panthawi yoyesa kusalaza, chitsanzocho chidzaweruzidwa kuti sichili chokhutiritsa.
Kuyesa kuyatsa kulipo pa machubu ozungulira ≤ 254 mm (10 in) m'mimba mwake, koma sikofunikira.
Machubu onse ayenera kukhala opanda zilema ndipo akhale ndi mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi munthu.
Zofooka pamwamba pake zidzawerengedwa ngati zolakwika pamene kuya kwake kumachepetsa makulidwe otsala a khoma kufika pa 90% ya makulidwe a khoma omwe atchulidwa.
Zolakwika mpaka 33% ya makulidwe a khoma omwe atchulidwa m'munsi mwake zitha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu podula kapena kupukuta kuti chitsulo chikhale chokwanira.
Ngati kugwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera chodzaza, njira yonyowetsera yonyowetsera iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo chitsulo chotuluka chiyenera kuchotsedwa kuti malo osalala akhalebe osalala.
Zolakwika pamwamba, monga zizindikiro zogwirira ntchito, zizindikiro zazing'ono za nkhungu kapena zozungulira, kapena mabowo osaya, sizimaonedwa ngati zolakwika pokhapokha ngati zitha kuchotsedwa mkati mwa makulidwe a khoma omwe atchulidwa.
Mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa:
Dzina la wopanga: Ili likhoza kukhala dzina lonse la wopanga kapena chidule chake.
Chizindikiro kapena Chizindikiro: Dzina la kampani kapena chizindikiro chomwe wopanga amagwiritsa ntchito kusiyanitsa zinthu zake.
Wopanga MafotokozedweASTM A500, zomwe siziyenera kuphatikizapo chaka chomwe bukuli linafalitsidwa.
Kalata Yoyenera: Giredi B, C kapena D.
Pa machubu omangidwa okhala ndi mainchesi ≤ 100mm (4in) m'mimba mwake, zilembo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kulemba bwino chidziwitso chodziwikiratu.
Chogwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa ntchito zomanga, chimapereka mphamvu yamakina komanso kuthekera kolumikizana kuti chithandizire kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka nyumba zomanga ndi zomangamanga.
Chitoliro chachitsulo ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga mafelemu, milatho, mafakitale, ndi zinthu zina zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafuna mphamvu ndi kulimba.
ASTM A370: Njira Zoyesera ndi Matanthauzidwe a Kuyesa kwa Makina a Zinthu Zachitsulo.
ASTM A700: Buku Lotsogolera la Kulongedza, Kulemba, ndi Njira Zokwezera Zinthu Zachitsulo Zotumizira.
ASTM A751: Njira Zoyesera ndi Machitidwe Oyesera Kusanthula Mankhwala a Zinthu Zachitsulo.
Mawu Okhudza Chitsulo cha ASTM A941, Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri, Ma Alloy Ogwirizana, ndi Ma Ferroalloy.
Malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafuna, njira yochepetsera dzimbiri pa mapaipi achitsulo ikhoza kuchitidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti iwonjezere kukana dzimbiri ndikuwonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito.
Kuphatikizapo varnish, utoto, galvanization, 3PE, FBE, ndi njira zina.
Ndife opanga mapaipi achitsulo cha kaboni opangidwa ndi zitsulo komanso ogulitsa mapaipi apamwamba ochokera ku China, komanso ogulitsa mapaipi achitsulo osasokonekera, omwe amakupatsirani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njira zothetsera mapaipi achitsulo!
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza zinthu zopangidwa ndi chitoliro chachitsulo, mutha kulumikizana nafe!
