TheAPI 5LMachubu odziwika bwino opangidwa ndi mayina kutengera mphamvu zawo zochepa zokolola. Chifukwa chake,X52 (L360) ili ndi mphamvu yocheperako yotulutsa mphamvu ya 52,200 psi (360 MPa).
X52=L360, ndi njira ziwiri zofotokozera kalasi imodzi ya chitoliro mu muyezo wa API 5L.
X52ndi giredi yapakati mu API 5L, kuphatikiza mphamvu yayikulu ndi ndalama zochepa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyendetsa mafuta ndi gasi, ntchito zomanga, mapaipi a pansi pamadzi, ndi zina zotero.
Chitsulo cha Botopndi katswiri wopanga chitoliro chachitsulo cha LSAW chokhala ndi makoma akuluakulu okhala ndi mbali ziwiri cholumikizidwa ndi makoma akuluakulu chomwe chili ku China.
1. Malo: Mzinda wa Cangzhou, Chigawo cha Hebei, China;
2. Ndalama Zonse Zoyikidwa: 500 miliyoni RMB;
3. Malo a fakitale: 60,000 sikweya mita;
4. Mphamvu yopangira pachaka: matani 200,000 a mapaipi achitsulo a JCOE LSAW;
5. Zipangizo: Zipangizo zopangira ndi zoyesera zapamwamba;
6. Zapadera: Kupanga mapaipi achitsulo a LSAW;
7. Chitsimikizo: Chitsimikizo cha API 5L.
Gulu la API 5L X52
Kutengera ndi mulingo wa PSL ndi momwe galimotoyo imaperekera, X52 ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu motere:
PSL1: X52;
PSL2:X52N kapena L360N;X52Q kapena L360Q;X52M kapena L360M.
Mu PSL2, chilembo chomaliza chimatanthauza mtundu wa mankhwala otentha omwe zinthuzo ziyenera kuchitidwa zisanaperekedwe komaliza.mikhalidwe yotumizirapansipa kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Mikhalidwe Yotumizira
Zinthu Zoyambira
Zidutswa, maluwa, ma billet, ma coil, kapena mbale.
Pa chitoliro cha PSL 2, chitsulocho chiyenera kuphedwa ndikupangidwa motsatira njira ya tirigu wabwino.
Choko kapena mbale yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitoliro cha PSL 2 siyenera kukhala ndi zotchingira zokonzera.
Njira Yopangira API 5L X52
Machubu a X52 amatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira machubu kuti akwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana zauinjiniya.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za tanthauzo la chidule cha Njira Yopangira Zinthu,Dinani apa.
SAWLndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutolilalikulu, lokhala ndi makoma okhuthalamapaipi achitsulo.
Mawu akuti "SAWL"ndi"LSAW"onsewa amatanthauza Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded, koma amatchulidwa mosiyana m'madera osiyanasiyana. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mawu akuti "LSAW" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani.
Chitoliro chachitsulo chingatchulidwenso kutiDSAWchifukwa cha njira yolumikizira arc yomwe ili m'mbali ziwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitolirocho.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti DSAW imatanthauza njira yowotcherera, kotero m'machitidwe, ikhoza kukhala LSAW kapenaHSAW(SSAW) chitoliro chachitsulo.
Chitoliro cha LSAW chikhoza kulumikizidwa kawiri chifukwa cha zovuta pakupanga chitoliro chachikulu, ndipo ma weld ayenera kukhala patali pafupifupi 180°.
Mitundu ya Mapeto a Mapaipi a API 5L X52
Mapeto a Chitoliro cha PSL1: Mapeto okhala ndi Bell kapena Mapeto Opanda Chingwe;
Mapeto a Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha PSL2: Mapeto osalala;
Kwa malekezero a chitoliro chosavutazofunikira izi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:
Mapeto a chitoliro chopanda malire cha t ≤ 3.2 mm (0.125 in) ayenera kudulidwa mozungulira.
Machubu opanda malekezero okhala ndi t > 3.2 mm (0.125 in) ayenera kukhala opindika kuti awonjezedwe. Ngodya ya bevel iyenera kukhala 30-35° ndipo m'lifupi mwa mizu ya bevel iyenera kukhala 0.8 - 2.4 mm (0.031 - 0.093 in).
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a API 5L X52
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a chitoliro chachitsulo cha PSL1 ndi PSL2 t > 25.0 mm (0.984 in) kadzatsimikiziridwa ndi mgwirizano.
Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala a PSL 1 Pipe yokhala ndi t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala a Chitoliro cha PSL 2 chokhala ndi t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Pa zinthu zachitsulo za PSL2 zomwe zawunikidwa ndikuchuluka kwa mpweya wa ≤0.12%, CE yofanana ndi kabonipcmakhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito fomula iyi:
CEpcm= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Pa zinthu zachitsulo za PSL2 zomwe zawunikidwa ndikuchuluka kwa mpweya > 0.12%, CE yofanana ndi kabonillwakhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito fomula ili pansipa:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Katundu wa Makina a API 5L X52
Katundu Wokoka
Kuyesa kwamphamvu kumayesa magawo atatu ofunikira:mphamvu yobereka, kulimba kwamakokedwendikutalika.
Katundu Wolimba wa PSL1 X52
Katundu Wolimba wa PSL2 X52
Zindikirani: Kutalika kochepa komwe kwatchulidwa, Afziyenera kutsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation yotsatirayi:
Af= C × (Axc0.2/U0.9)
Cndi 1940 powerengera pogwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi a SI ndi 625,000 powerengera pogwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi a USC;
Axc ndi malo ogwirira ntchito a chidutswa choyesera cholimba, chofotokozedwa mu mamilimita apakati (mainchesi apakati), motere:
1) pa zidutswa zoyeserera zozungulira, 130 mm2(0.20 inchi.)2) pa zidutswa zoyesera za 12.7 mm (0.500 in.) ndi 8.9 mm (0.350 in.) m'mimba mwake; 65 mm2(0.10 inchi.)2) pa zidutswa zoyesera za 6.4 mm (0.250 in.) m'mimba mwake;
2) pa zidutswa zoyesera za gawo lonse, zochepera a) 485 mm2(0.75 inchi.)2) ndi b) dera lopingasa la chidutswa choyesera, T yochokera pogwiritsa ntchito m'mimba mwake wakunja ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro, yozunguliridwa kufika pa 10 mm yapafupi.2(0.01 inchi.)2);
3) pa zidutswa zoyesera, zochepera a) 485 mm2(0.75 inchi.)2) ndi b) malo opingasa a chidutswa choyesera, chochokera pogwiritsa ntchito m'lifupi mwa chidutswa choyesera ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro, chozunguliridwa kufika pa 10 mm pafupi2(0.01 inchi.)2);
Undi mphamvu yocheperako yokhazikika, yomwe imafotokozedwa mu megapascals (mapaundi pa inchi imodzi).
Mayesero Ena a Makina
Pulogalamu yoyesera yotsatirayi ikugwira ntchito paMitundu ya mapaipi a SAWKuti mudziwe mitundu ina ya mapaipi, onani Matebulo 17 ndi 18 a API 5L.
Mayeso opindika a chitsogozo cha weld;
Mayeso olimba a chitoliro cholumikizidwa chozizira;
Kuyang'ana kwakukulu kwa msoko wolumikizidwa;
ndipo pa chitoliro chachitsulo cha PSL2 chokha: mayeso a CVN impact ndi mayeso a DWT.
Mayeso a Hydrostatic
Nthawi Yoyesera
Machubu onse achitsulo chosasunthika komanso cholumikizidwa okhala ndi D ≤ 457 mm (18 in.):nthawi yoyesera ≥ masekondi 5;
Chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa D > 457 mm (18 in.):nthawi yoyesera ≥ masekondi 10.
Kuchuluka kwa Kuyesera
Chitoliro chilichonse chachitsulo.
Kupanikizika kwa mayeso
Kupanikizika kwa mayeso a hydrostatic P kwa achitoliro chachitsulo chopanda malireakhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito fomula.
P = 2St/D
Sndi kupsinjika kwa hoop. Mtengo wake ndi wofanana ndi mphamvu yocheperako yopezera mphamvu ya chitoliro chachitsulo cha xa peresenti, mu MPa (psi);
tndi makulidwe a khoma omwe atchulidwa, omwe amafotokozedwa mu mamilimita (mainchesi);
Dndi m'mimba mwake wakunja womwe watchulidwa, womwe umafotokozedwa mu mamilimita (mainchesi).
Kuyang'anira Kosawononga
Za machubu a SAWnjira ziwiri,UT(kuyesa kwa ultrasonic) kapenaRT(kuyesa kwa X-ray), nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
ET(kuyesa kwa maginito) sikugwira ntchito pa machubu a SAW.
Mizere yolumikizidwa pa mapaipi olumikizidwa amitundu ≥ L210/A ndi mainchesi ≥ 60.3 mm (2.375 in) iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosawononga makulidwe ndi kutalika konse (100%) monga momwe zafotokozedwera.
Kuyesa kosawononga kwa UT
Kuyesa kwa RT kosawononga
Kukula Kozizira ndi Kukula Kozizira
Kukula kozizira ndi kukulitsa kozizira ndi njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino zopangira machubu a LSAW kuti zitsimikizire kuti machubuwo akwaniritsa miyeso yeniyeni komanso mawonekedwe a makina. Njira zonsezi ndi njira zogwirira ntchito zozizira, pomwe mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa chubucho zimasinthidwa kutentha kwa chipinda.
Chiŵerengero cha kukula kwakukulitsa koziziraMachubu sayenera kukhala ochepera 0.003 ndipo sayenera kukhala opitirira 0.015.
Mlingo wa kukula kwawozizira kwambiriChitoliro chachitsulo sichiyenera kupitirira 0.015, pokhapokha ngati pali izi:
a) Chitolirocho chimasinthidwa kukhala chokhazikika kapena chozimitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa;
b) Chubu chonse chachitsulo chozizira chimachepetsedwa kupsinjika.
Tchulani Kunja kwa M'mimba mwake ndi Kukhuthala kwa Khoma
Miyezo yokhazikika ya mainchesi akunja otchulidwa ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro chachitsulo yaperekedwa muISO 4200ndiASME B36.10M.
Kulekerera kwa Miyezo
Dinani pa font yabuluu kumanja kuti muwone kulekerera kwa miyeso, zofunikira zalembedwa muAPI 5L Giredi Bkuti mudziwe zambiri.
Mapulogalamu a API 5L X52
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha API 5L X52 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magwiritsidwe ntchito angapo ofunikira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake abwino kwambiri amakina komanso kuthekera kwake kosintha malo ovuta.
Kuyendera mafuta ndi gasi: Iyi ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zodziwika bwino za API 5L X52. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa mapaipi oyendera mafuta ndi gasi akutali, makamaka pamene pali kuthamanga kwamkati kwakukulu.
Ntchito yomanga ndi zomangamanga: Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga nyumba zothandizira milatho ndi nyumba. Ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito popanga zomangira kapena nyumba zina zonyamula katundu, makamaka pamene pakufunika malo aatali kapena mphamvu zambiri zonyamula katundu.
Mapaipi a pansi pa nyanja: Mapulojekiti a mapaipi a pansi pa nyanja amafunikira kwambiri mapaipi olimba komanso osadzimbidwa, ndipo API 5L X52 imachita bwino kwambiri pankhaniyi. Imalimbana ndi madzi a m'nyanja ndipo imasunga umphumphu ndi magwiridwe antchito a mapaipiwo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kulumikizidwa ku mafuta ndi gasi za m'nyanja.
Mitundu Yathu Yoperekera Zinthu
Muyezo: API 5L;
PSL1: X52 kapena L360;
PSL2: X52N, X52Q, X52M kapena L360N, L360Q, L360M;
Mtundu wa Chitoliro: Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha Carbon Chosefedwa;
Njira Yopangira: LSAW, SAWL kapena DSAW;
Chidutswa chakunja: 350 - 1500;
Kukhuthala kwa Khoma: 8 - 80mm;
Kutalika: Kutalika koyerekeza kapena kutalika kosasinthika;
Ndondomeko ya Mapaipi: SCH10, SCH20, SCH30, SCH40, SCH60, SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 ndi SCH160.
Kuzindikira: Matenda opatsirana pogonana, XS, XXS;
Chophimba: Utoto, vanishi, 3LPE, FBE, 3LPP, HDPE, galvanized, epoxy zinc-rich, simenti yolemera, ndi zina zotero.
Kulongedza: Nsalu yosalowa madzi, chikwama chamatabwa, lamba wachitsulo kapena waya wachitsulo, choteteza kumapeto kwa chitoliro cha pulasitiki kapena chitsulo, ndi zina zotero. Zokonzedwa mwamakonda.
Zinthu Zofananira: Mapini, ma flange, zolumikizira mapaipi, ndi zinthu zina zofanana nazo zilipo.
