E rua ngā momo paipa maitai tui kore: he paipa maitai tui kore hurihuri wera (whakaputaina) me he paipa maitai tui kore kumea matao (whakaputaina) nā runga i ngā momo tukanga hanga rerekē.
Tirohanga whānui o te tukanga: hurihuri wera (paipa maitai kore hononga i whakaputahia): pire ngongo porowhita → whakamahana → wero → hurihuri whakawhiti-toru-pōro, hurihuri tonu, whakaputanga rānei → tango ngongo → rahi (whakaiti rānei) → whakamatao → ngongo pire.
Nā te rerekētanga o ā rātou whakamahinga, ka wehea ngā paipa maitai tui kore ki ēnei momo e whai ake nei: GB/T8162 (ngā paipa maitai tui kore mō ngā kaupapa hanganga), maitai waro Nama 20 me Nama 45; maitai koranu Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo, me ētahi atu.
GB/T8163 (ngā paipa maitai kore hononga mō te kawe wai). E whakamahia ana mō te kawe i ngā paipa wai i runga i ngā taputapu hangarau me ngā taputapu nunui. Ko ngā rauemi e tohu ana (ngā taumata) ko te 20, Q345, me ētahi atu.
GB3087 (ngā paipa maitai kore-tui mō ngā kōhua pēhanga iti me te reo). E whakamahia ana mō ngā paipa hei kawe i ngā wai pēhanga iti me te reo i roto i ngā kōhua ahumahi me ngā kōhua whare. Ko ngā rauemi e tohu ana ko te maitai Nama 10 me te Nama 20.
GB5310 (ngā paipa maitai kore-tuitui mō ngā kohua pēhanga teitei). E whakamahia ana mō ngā pane me ngā paipa kawe wai pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei i runga i ngā kohua i roto i ngā tipu hiko me ngā tipu hiko karihi. Ko ngā rauemi hei tohu ko te 20G, 12Cr1MoVG, 15CrMoG, me ētahi atu.
GB5312 (ngā paipa maitai kore-whakarewa me te maitai waro-konupora mō ngā kaipuke). E whakamahia ana mō ngā paipa pēhanga Akomanga I me te II mō ngā kohua kaipuke me ngā whakamahana nui. Ko ngā rauemi e tohu ana ko ngā karaehe maitai 360, 410, 460, me ētahi atu.
GB1479 (ngā paipa maitai kore-tuitui mō ngā taputapu tongi pēhanga teitei). Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia hei kawe i ngā paipa wai pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei i runga i ngā taputapu tongi matū. Ko ngā rauemi hei tohu ko te 20, 16Mn, 12CrMo, 12Cr2Mo, me ētahi atu.
GB9948 (ngā paipa maitai kore hononga mō te pakaru hinu). E whakamahia ana i roto i ngā kohua, ngā whakawhiti wera me ngā paipa mō te kawe wai i roto i ngā whakarewa hinu. Ko ōna rauemi matua ko te 20, 12CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, 1Cr19Ni11Nb me ētahi atu.
GB3093 (paipa rino kore-whakarewa pēhanga teitei mō te miihini tīhiera). Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia mō ngā paipa wahie pēhanga teitei o ngā pūnaha werohanga miihini tīhiera. Ko te paipa rino he paipa tōia matao, ā, ko tōna rauemi tohu ko te 20A.
GB/T3639 (ngā ngongo maitai kore-tuitui, he mea kumea matao, he mea hurihuri matao rānei). E whakamahia ana mō ngā hanganga miihini me ngā taputapu pēhi waro, ngā paipa maitai e hiahia ana ki te tika o ngā āhuatanga me te whakaotinga mata pai. Ko tōna rauemi matua ko te maitai 20, 45, me ētahi atu.
GB/T3094 (paipa maitai kore-tuu-matao, he paipa maitai āhua motuhake). Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia hei hanga i ngā wāhanga hanganga me ngā wāhanga, ā, ko tōna rauemi he maitai hanganga waro kounga teitei me te maitai hanganga koranu-iti.
GB/T8713 (Ngā ngongo maitai tuimotu, he whānui ā-roto tika mō ngā rango waipēhi me te haumākū). E whakamahia ana tēnei hei hanga i ngā paipa maitai tuimotu, he mea kumea matao, he mea hurihuri matao rānei, he whānui ā-roto tika mō ngā rango waipēhi me te haumākū. Ko ōna rauemi matua ko te maitai 20, 45, me ētahi atu.
GB13296 (ngā ngongo kowiri tira kore-tūhono mō ngā poiha me ngā whakawhiti wera). E whakamahia ana i roto i ngā poiha, ngā whakamahana nui, ngā whakawhiti wera, ngā whakapūmau, ngā ngongo whakatere, me ētahi atu o ngā umanga matū. Ko ōna rauemi matua ko 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, me ētahi atu.
GB/T14975 (paipa maitai kore waikura mō te whakamahinga hanganga). E whakamahia ana mō ngā hanganga whānui (whakapaipai hōtēra, wharekai) me ngā hanganga miihini ā-hinonga matū e ātete ana ki te hau, te waikura waikawa me ngā paipa maitai me te kaha motuhake. Ko ōna rauemi tohu ko te 0-3Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, me ētahi atu.
GB/T14976 (paipa maitai kore waikura kore hononga mō te kawe wai). E whakamahia ana mō ngā paipa e kawe ana i ngā mea waikura. Ko ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana ko 0Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr17Ni12Mo2, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, me ētahi atu.
YB/T5035 (ngā ngongo maitai kore hononga mō ngā anga toki o ngā waka). E whakamahia ana mō te hanga i ngā ngongo maitai hanganga waro kounga teitei me te maitai hanganga koranu, he mea hanga ki te rino kore hononga wera, he mea hanga ki te rino hanganga wera mō ngā anga haurua toki o ngā waka, me ngā ngongo toki mō ngā whare toki taraiwa. Ko ōna rauemi matua ko te 45, 45Mn2, 40Cr, 20CrNi3A me ētahi atu.
Nā te American Petroleum Institute (American Petreleum Institute, e mōhiotia ana ko "API") i whakahiato, i whakaputa hoki te API SPEC5CT (Casing and Tubing Specification), ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana puta noa i te ao.
I roto i ēnei, ko te anga: ko te paipa e toro atu ana mai i te mata o te whenua ki roto i te puna hei arai mō te pakitara o te puna, ā, ko ngā paipa e honoa ana e ngā kara. Ko ngā rauemi matua ko ngā momo maitai pēnei i te J55, N80, me te P110, me ngā momo maitai pēnei i te C90 me te T95 e ātete ana ki te waikura hauwai whanariki.
Paipa hinu: He paipa e whakaurua ana ki roto i te anga mai i te mata o te whenua ki te paparanga hinu, ā, ka honoa ngā paipa mā te hononga, mā te whakakotahi rānei. Ko ngā rauemi matua ko te J55, N80, P110, me ngā karaehe maitai pērā i te C90 me te T95 e ātete ana ki te waikura hauwai whanariki. Ko te API SPEC 5L (Line Pipe Specification), i whakahiatohia, i whakaputaina hoki e te American Petroleum Institute, e whakamahia whānuitia ana puta noa i te ao. Paipa raina: hei kawe i te hinu, te hau, te wai rānei mai i te rua ki te umanga hinu me te hau mā te paipa raina.
Kei roto i ngā paipa raina ngā paipa tuimotu me ngā paipa whakarewa, ā, he papatahi ngā pito o ngā paipa, he miro ngā pito me ngā pūwero; ko ngā tikanga hononga ko te whakarewa pito, te hononga kara, te hononga pūwero, me ētahi atu. Ko te rauemi matua o te paipa ko te B, X42, X56, X65, X70 me ētahi atu momo maitai.
Ko ngā paipa maitai whakarewa he pereti maitai, he maitai rīpene rānei. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā rauemi me ngā tukanga, ka wehea ngā paipa whakarewa ki ngā paipa whakarewa oumu, ngā paipa whakarewa hiko (whakarewa ātete) me ngā paipa whakarewa pewa aunoa. Nā te āhua o tōna pito, ka wehea ki ngā paipa whakarewa porowhita me ngā paipa whakarewa āhua motuhake (tapawhā, papatahi, me ētahi atu) mō ngā kaupapa rerekē, ā, ka wehea ki ngā momo e whai ake nei:
GB/T3091 (paipa rino whakapūmau kua whakakikoruatia mō te tuku wai pēhanga-iti). E whakamahia ana mō te kawe wai, hau, hau, hinu me te whakamahana wai wera, mamaoa rānei me ētahi atu wai pēhanga-iti whānui me ētahi atu kaupapa. Ko tōna rauemi matua ko te rino kounga Q235A.
GB/T3092 (paipa rino whakapūmau kua whakakikoruatia mō te tuku wai pēhanga-iti). E whakamahia ana mō te kawe wai, hau, hau, hinu me te whakamahana wai wera, mamaoa rānei me ētahi atu wai pēhanga-iti whānui me ētahi atu kaupapa. Ko tōna rauemi matua ko: maitai kounga Q235A.
GB/T14291 (ngā paipa rino kua whakarewahia mō te kawe wai maina). E whakamahia ana mō ngā paipa rino kua whakarewahia he hononga tika mō te hau kōpeke maina, te rerenga wai, me te hau tuku rakau. Ko tōna rauemi matua ko te rino Q235A me te karaehe B.
GB/T14980 (Ngā paipa rino hiko-whakapiripiri nui te whānui mō te tuku wai pēhanga-iti). E whakamahia ana mō te kawe wai, paru, hau, hau, whakamahana mamaoa me ētahi atu wai pēhanga-iti me ētahi atu kaupapa. Ko tōna rauemi matua ko te rino kounga Q235A.
GB/T12770 (ngā paipa maitai whakarewa kore waikura mō ngā hanganga mīhini). E whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mīhini, ngā motuka, ngā pahikara, ngā taonga whare, ngā whakapaipai hōtēra me ngā wharekai me ētahi atu wāhanga mīhini me ngā wāhanga hanganga. Ko ōna rauemi matua ko 0Cr13, 1Cr17, 00Cr19Ni11, 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr18Ni11Nb, me ētahi atu.
GB/T12771 (ngā paipa maitai whakarewa he kowiri tira mō te kawe wai). Ko ngā rauemi hei tohu ko 0Cr13, 0Cr19Ni9, 00Cr19Ni11, 00Cr17, 0Cr18Ni11Nb, 0017Cr17Ni14Mo2, me ētahi atu.
Wā tuku: 14-Pepuere-2023