He rauemi maitai te Q345. He maitai iti-koranu (C<0.2%), e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mahi hanga, piriti, waka, kaipuke, oko pēhanga, me ētahi atu. Ko te Q te tohu o te kaha tuku o tēnei rauemi, ā, ko te 345 e whai ake nei e pā ana ki te uara tuku o tēnei rauemi, arā, tata ki te 345 MPa. Ā, ka heke te uara tuku i te pikinga o te matotoru o te rauemi.
He pai ngā āhuatanga miihini whānui o te Q345, he pai te mahi pāmahana iti, he pai te kirihou me te kaha whakarewa, ā, e whakamahia ana hei hanganga, hei wāhanga miihini, hei hanganga whare, hei wāhanga hanganga whakarewa whānui, hei hanga i te mea wera-hurihuri, hei hanga rānei i te mea noa, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā hanganga rerekē i ngā rohe makariri i raro i te -40°C.
Whakarōpūtanga
Ka taea te wehewehe i te Q345 ki te Q345A,Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E e ai ki te taumata. Ko te pāmahana o te ru te mea nui e tohuhia ana e rātou.
Taumata Q345A, kāore he pānga;
Taumata Q345B, pānga pāmahana noa 20 nekehanga;
Ko te taumata Q345C, he pānga 0 nekehanga;
Ko te taumata Q345D, he -20 nekehanga te pānga;
Ko te taumata Q345E, he -40 nekehanga te pānga.
I ngā pāmahana ohorere rerekē, ka rerekē anō hoki ngā uara ohorere.
hanganga matū
Q345A：C≤0.20,Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.045，S≤0.045，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345B：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.040，S≤0.040，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345C：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.035，S≤0.035，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345D：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.030，S≤0.030，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345E：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.025，S≤0.025，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
vs. 16Mn
Ko te maitai Q345 he whakakapinga mō ngā momo maitai tawhito o te 12MnV, 14MnNb, 18Nb, 16MnRE, 16Mn me ētahi atu momo maitai, ehara i te mea he whakakapinga noa iho mō te maitai 16Mn. Mō te hanganga matū, he rerekē anō hoki te 16Mn me te Q345. He mea nui ake, he rerekētanga nui kei roto i te rahi o te rōpū matotoru o ngā maitai e rua i runga i te rerekētanga o te kaha tuku, ā, ka puta he panoni ki te ahotea whakaaetia o ngā rauemi me ētahi matotoru. Nō reira, kāore e tika kia whakamahia noa te ahotea whakaaetia o te maitai 16Mn ki te maitai Q345, engari me whakatau anō te ahotea whakaaetia i runga i te rahi o te rōpū matotoru maitai hou.
Ko te ōwehenga o ngā wāhanga matua o te maitai Q345 he rite tonu ki te maitai 16Mn, ko te rerekētanga ko ngā wāhanga koranu iti o te V, Ti me te Nb ka tāpirihia. Mā te iti o ngā wāhanga koranu V, Ti, me te Nb ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā kakano, te whakapai ake i te pakari o te maitai, me te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga miihini whānui o te maitai. Nā tēnei anō hoki ka taea te whakanui ake i te matotoru o te pereti maitai. Nō reira, me pai ake ngā āhuatanga miihini whānui o te maitai Q345 i te maitai 16Mn, inā koa kāore tōna mahi pāmahana iti i te maitai 16Mn. He paku teitei ake te ahotea whakaaetia o te maitai Q345 i te maitai 16Mn.
whakataurite mahi
Q345Dpaipa tuituingā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha:
Kaha kume: 490-675 Kaha tuku: ≥345 Toronga: ≥22
Q345Bpaipa tuituingā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha:
Kaha kume: 490-675 Kaha tuku: ≥345 Toronga: ≥21
Ngā āhuatanga hangarau o ngā paipa tui kore Q345A:
Kaha kume: 490-675 Kaha tuku: ≥345 Toronga: ≥21
Ngā āhuatanga hangarau o ngā paipa tui kore o Q345C:
Kaha kume: 490-675 Kaha tuku: ≥345 Toronga: ≥22
Ngā āhuatanga hangarau o ngā paipa tui kore o Q345E:
Kaha kume: 490-675 Kaha tuku: ≥345 Toronga: ≥22
Raupapa Hua
He rite te maitai Q345D ki te maitai Q345A, B, C. He iti te pāmahana whakamātautau o te kaha pānga pāmahana iti. He pai te mahi. He iti ake te nui o ngā matū kino P me S i tērā o Q345A, B me C. He teitei ake te utu mākete i te Q345A, B, C.
Te whakamāramatanga o Q345D:
① Kei roto ko te Q + tau + tohu kounga + tohu tikanga tango-waikura. Kei mua i tōna tau maitai ko te "Q", e tohu ana i te pūwāhi hua o te maitai, ā, ko te tau kei muri i a ia e tohu ana i te uara o te pūwāhi hua i roto i te MPa. Hei tauira, ko te Q235 e tohu ana i tētahi maitai hanganga waro me te pūwāhi hua (σs) o te 235 MPa.
②Mēnā e tika ana, ka taea te tohu i te tohu e whakaatu ana i te taumata kounga me te tikanga tango-waikura i muri i te tau maitai. Ko ngā tohu taumata kounga ko A, B, C, D. Tohu tikanga tango-waikura: Ko te tikanga o F ko te maitai kohua; ko te tikanga o b ko te maitai haurua-mate; ko te tikanga o Z ko te maitai whakamate; ko te tikanga o TZ ko te maitai whakamate motuhake, ā, kāore e taea te tohu i te maitai whakamate ki ngā tohu, arā, ka taea te tango i te Z me te TZ. Hei tauira, ko te tikanga o Q235-AF ko te maitai kohua Tau A.
③ Ko te maitai waro mō ngā kaupapa motuhake, pērā i te maitai piriti, te maitai moana, me ētahi atu, e whakamahi ana i te tikanga whakapuakitanga o te maitai hanganga waro, engari ka tāpirihia te reta e tohu ana i te kaupapa ki te mutunga o te tau maitai.
Whakataki rauemi
| huānga | C≤ | Mn | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ | Al≥ | V | Nb | Ti |
| ihirangi | 0.2 | 1.0-1.6 | 0.55 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 0.02-0.15 | 0.015-0.06 | 0.02-0.2 |
Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o Q345C e whai ake nei (%):
| Taupū āhuatanga miihini | Te roanga (%) | Pāmahana whakamātautau 0℃ | Kaha kume MPa | Pūwāhi hua MPa≥ |
| uara | δ5≥22 | J≥34 | σb（470-650） | σs（324-259） |
Ina kei waenganui i te 16-35mm te matotoru o te pakitara, σs≥325Mpa; ina kei waenganui i te 35-50mm te matotoru o te pakitara, σs≥295Mpa
2. Ngā āhuatanga whakarewa o te maitai Q345
2.1 Te tātaitanga o te waro ōrite (Ceq)
Ceq=C+Mn/6+Ni/15+Cu/15+Cr/5+Mo/5+V/5
Tātaihia a Ceq=0.49%, nui atu i te 0.45%, ka kitea kāore i te tino pai te mahi whakarewa o te maitai Q345, ā, me whakatakoto he tikanga hangarau tino pakari i te wā e whakarewa ana.
2.2 Ngā raruraru e pāngia ana e te maitai Q345 i te wā e whakarewahia ana
2.2.1 Te āhua whakapakeke i te rohe e pāngia ana e te wera
I te wā e whakarewahia ana, e whakamataohia ana hoki te maitai Q345, ka ngāwari te hanga o te hanganga martensite kua tineia i roto i te rohe e pāngia ana e te wera, ka whakanui ake i te pakeketanga, ka whakaiti hoki i te ngāwari o te wāhi tata-tuitui. Ko te mutunga iho he pakaru i muri i te whakarewatanga.
2.2.2 Te aro ki te pakaru makariri
Ko ngā kapiti whakarewa o te maitai Q345 he kapiti makariri te nuinga.
Wā tuku: Maehe-20-2023