Paipa wai maitai AWWA C213He paninga FBE e pania ana ki ngā mata o roto, o waho hoki o ngā paipa rino hei whakamahi i roto i ngā pūnaha paipa wai rino i raro i te whenua, i raro rānei i te wai.
Ka ārai tēnei paninga i te waikura, ā, ka whakarite kia mahi pono te pūnaha paipa mō te wā roa i raro i te whenua, i roto rānei i ngā taiao totohu.
Te whānui o waho o te paipa ≥ 660mm [24inihi]. He arai kapia epoxy me te urunga ki te paipa hei tirotiro me te tiaki.
Tērā pea he pai anō ngā diameter o ngā paipa rino <660mm [24inihi], mena he huarahi tika hei tirotiro i te pono o te paninga o roto.
Epoxy Hononga (FBE)he kapia epoxy whakamahana paura maroke kotahi-wāhanga, ina whakahohehia e te wera, ka puta he tauhohenga matū ki te mata o te paipa maitai me te pupuri tonu i ōna āhuatanga.
Me hanga te paura epoxy i tētahi rauemi honohono kotahi-wāhanga, arā, he kapia epoxy, he matū whakaora, he whakakorikori, he whakakī, he tae, he matū whakahaere rere, me te aukati UV.
Me tutuki ngā rauemi i ngā whakaritenga o teTure Wai Inu Haumaru.
Ina hiahiatia he tutuki i ngā whakaritenga NSF, me whai tiwhikete ngā rauemi e pā ana ki te wai inu kia rite ki te Paerewa NSF/ANSI/CAN 61.
I te nuinga o te wā, ko te pāmahana mōrahi mō ngā paninga he tata ki te65°C (150°F). Heoi anō, ka whakapotohia te roa o te ora o te paninga mā te pupuri i ngā pāmahana tiketike mō te wā roa.
Ina whakamahia ki ngā taonga kua whakamahanatia mā te rehu hiko pūmau, te moenga wai, te rehu hau rānei, ā, muri iho ka whakamaroke, ka puta he paninga tiaki ōrite mai i te paura epoxy.
Ko ngā mahi motuhake koia ēnei:
Te Tirotiro Paipa me te Maimoatanga-Mua
Me kore he hapa o te mata e pā ana ki te hua whakamutunga, pērā i ngā kōhao, ngā riha, me ngā paru whakarewa, ka taea te tango atu mā te oro.
ā, me kore he paru, he peita mira, he ware pi, he tā waro, he uku, he hinu, he hinu ngako, he pūhaumāota, me ētahi atu mea ke, ngā poke mura rānei ka mura pea i ngā pāmahana tono epoxy honohono. Tangohia ngā wāhi e kitea ana o te hinu me te ngako mā te muru ki te whakarewa e kore e toe he toenga.
Te Whakaritenga o te Mata
Whakamahia te pupuhi onepu maroke hei horoi i te waikura o te mata o ngā paipa rino.
Ngā Whakaritenga mō te Taiao Pahūtanga: Ina teitei ake te pāmahana o te paipa maitai i te 3°C (5℉) i te pāmahana tomairangi.
Te Horoi o te Mata: Me rite te mata o te paipa maitai kua tangohia te unahi ki te SSPC-SP10/NACE Nama 2.
Te Pākari o te Mata: Ko te hohonutanga o te kōhao punga i waenga i te 51-102 μm (2.0-4.0 mil) i inehia kia rite ki te ASTM D4417. Ka taea tēnei te ine mā te whakamahi i te taupoki tauira punga, i te mita tauira punga rānei.
Ka pāngia te mahi a te paninga FBE whakamutunga e te taratara o te mata he hohonu rawa, he papaku rawa rānei.
Kia mōhio: Kia mōhio ki te wā i waenganui i te otinga o te tango i te unahi me te tukanga paninga hei karo i te waikura tere.
Te Horoi Hau
Me whakamahi te hau kōpeke kore-parahanga hei pupuhi i te puehu, te kirikiri, ētahi atu mea ke rānei mai i te papa o te paipa kua oti te whakarite, kia kore ai e pā ki te mata kua horoia, ki ētahi atu paipa kua horoia, ki te paipa rānei hei paninga, hei whakarārangi rānei.
Whakamahana Paipa
Whakamahanahia te paipa maitai mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūtake wera kia kaua e poke te mata o te paipa, engari kaua e neke ake i te 274°C (525°F).
Ka rerekē pea ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te pakari o te maitai i ngā pāmahana teitei ake.
Ka taea te ine i te pāmahana o te mata o te paipa maitai mā te whakamahi i tētahi pene inemahana, i tētahi inemahana whatu kua whakatikatikaina rānei.
Ki te puta he tae kikorangi, me whakamatao te paipa ki te pāmahana ātea, kātahi ka pupuhi anō.
Tukanga Paninga
Ka pania te paura FBE ki te mata o te paipa maitai wera mā te moenga rewa, te rehu hiko, te rehu hau rānei.
Kaua ngā awaawa, ngā mata piko, ngā mata pakiaka rānei e pania ki te FBE.
Mēnā ka whakamahia ngā hononga kua herea ki te rapa, ngā hononga ā-ringa rānei, me toro te epoxy ki ngā pito o te paipa ki te kore e tohua tētahi atu mea e te kaihoko.
Whakamatao
Ka taea te whakamatao mā te hau, mā te wai rānei.
PQTHokona te Paipa Rino Tuku Wai AWWA C213 i roto i ngā rahinga whakamātautau iti i mua i te hoko i ngā rahinga nui. Ka whakahaerehia he whakamātautau mua-tohu, hei whakarite kia tutuki i tētahi hua, i tētahi pūnaha rānei ngā paearu kounga me te mahi motuhake.
Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga, ngā aromatawai mahi, me ētahi atu tukanga.
Ngā Āhuatanga
Me maeneene te epoxy i te nuinga o te wā.
Kaua te epoxy e whai mirumiru, kapiti, mirumiru, wehewehe rānei, me ētahi atu hapa e kitea ana.
Ko ngā hapa whakapaipai, pērā i te piko, te ruaki, te karawarawa, te ārai, te rehu nui rawa, me/te kiri karaka rānei, kaua e kiia he take mō te whakakorenga, te whakatika rānei.
Te tirotiro hiko mō te haere tonu (whakamātautau hararei ngaohiko iti)
Me tirotiro te haere tonu o te paninga kia rite ki te NACE SPO490.
Mō ngā araime te matotoru o te 20 mils (508 um) iti iho rānei, me whakamahi he pūoko hiko iti-ngaohiko e 75 V te mōrahi, kia rite ki te NACE SPO188.
Mena ka nui ake te maha o ngā hararei i te maha i raro iho, me tango te paninga, ā, me hanga anō.
Te whānui o waho (OD) <14in (360 mm), 1 mita (3 putu).
Te whānui o waho (OD) ≥ 14in (360 mm), 1 hararei/25 ft² (2.3 mm²).
Whakamahia ngā hararei kua tirohia, whakatikahia, ka whakamātautau anō.
Te piri
Ka taea te piri o te epoxy kua whakamarokehia ki te mata o te paipa mā te pana i tētahi mata koi mā roto i te epoxy ki te mata o te paipa, me te whakamahi i te nekehanga parau hei tango i te epoxy mai i te mata o te paipa.
Me piri rawa te epoxy ki te paipa, kia ātete rawa atu ki te mahi parau, kia kore hoki he paru pakarukaru, ā, kia tutuki ai tete whakatauranga piri o te 1-3.
Matotoru
Kaua te matotoru o te kiriata paninga kua whakamaroketia e iti iho i te 305um (12mil), tae atu ki ngā hononga whakarewa.
I roto i te putanga tawhito o AWWA C213, i te putanga hou, ko te matotoru paninga mōrahi he 406 um (16 mils), ā, kua tangohia tēnei i roto i te putanga hou nā te uaua o te whakatutuki i tēnei whakaritenga i te wā o te tukanga whakaputa.
Ngā Whakamātautau Tāpiri
Ka taea te whakarite i ētahi atu whakamātautau hei whakatau i te mahi a te epoxy.
1. Te pūngao whakawhiti-wāhanga.
2. Te pūngao o te atanga.
3. Tātaritanga wera (DSC).
4. Taumahatanga pumau (whakapiko).
5. Rukuhia ki te wai.
6. Pānga.
7. Whakamātautau wetewete katote.
Me mārama te tohu ki te ingoa o te kaihanga, te momo rauemi, te nama puranga, te rā hanga, me ngā tikanga rokiroki.
Mō ngā paipa wai te nuinga
Ko ngā paninga o waho e whakamahia ana hei tiaki i ngā paipa mai i te waikura o te taiao, ko ngā paninga o roto ia e whakamahia ana hei ārai i te poke o te wai, hei whakaiti i te ātete ki te waku, hei whakaroa hoki i te ora o ngā paipa. Mā ēnei paninga ka āwhina i te whakarite i te pono me te pakari o ngā pūnaha paipa, kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa akuaku, me te whakaiti i te hiahia mō te tiaki.
ANSI/AWWA C203Ngā Paninga me ngā Ārai Parenga Waro-Tā mō ngā Paipa Wai Rino.
ANSI/AWWA C209Ngā Paninga Rīpene mō ngā Paipa Wai Rino me ngā Hononga.
ANSI/AWWA C210Ngā Paninga me ngā Whakatakotoranga Wai-Epoxy mō ngā Paipa Wai Rino me ngā Whakapiringa.
He maitai whakarewa kounga teitei a Botop SteelPaipa maitai warokaihanga me te kaiwhakarato mai i Haina, he kaihokohoko paipa maitai tui kore hoki.
He kaha te whakapau kaha a Botop Steel ki te kounga, ā, e whakatinana ana i ngā mana whakahaere me ngā whakamātautau pakari heikia pono ai te hua. Ka whakaratohia e tā rātou tīma mātau he otinga whaiaro me te tautoko tohunga, me te arotahi ki te makona o ngā kiritaki. Kei te tumanako mātou ki te mahi tahi me koe.
