ASTM A500 he ngongo maitai waro hanganga kua whakarewahia matao, he mea hono kore hononga, mō ngā piriti kua whakarewahia, kua whakakīia, kua whakapūmautia rānei, me ngā hanganga whare me ngā kaupapa hanganga whānui.
Taumata Bhe ngongo hanganga maitai waro kua whakarewahia, kua whakapūmautia rānei, he maha ngā whakamahinga, ā, ko tōna kaha whakaputa kāore i te iti iho i te 315 MPa [46,000 psi] me tōna kaha kume kāore i te iti iho i te 400 MPa [58,000], e whakamahia ana i roto i te tini o ngā kaupapa hanganga whare me ngā hanganga miihini nā te mea he tino pai te pumau me te roa o te hanganga.
E toru ngā momo o te paipa rino e whakarōpūtia ana e te ASTM A500,taumata B,taumata C, me te māka D.
Mō ngā ngongo mediameter o waho ≤ 2235mm [88inihi]mematotoru o te pakitara ≤ 25.4mm [1inihi].
Heoi, ki te whakamahia te tukanga whakarewa ERW, ko ngā paipa anake he 660 mm te whānui mōrahi me te 20 mm te matotoru o te pakitara ka taea te hanga.
Mena kei te hiahia koe ki te hoko i tētahi paipa he nui ake te matotoru o te pakitara, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri ki te whakamahi i te tukanga whakarewa SAW.
CHS: Ngā wāhanga porowhita tuwhera.
RHS: Ngā wāhanga tapawhā, tapawhā whāiti rānei.
EHS: Ngā wāhanga porotītaha porowhita.
Me hanga te maitai mā tētahi, mā ētahi rānei o ngā tukanga e whai ake nei:hāora taketake, oumu hiko rānei.
Tukanga Hāora Taketake: He tikanga tere hou tēnei mō te hanga maitai, e whakaiti ana i te nui o te waro mā te pupuhi i te hāora ki roto i te rino poaka rewa, me te tango atu i ētahi atu huānga kāore e hiahiatia pērā i te whanariki me te whākōkī. He pai mō te hanga tere o te nui o te maitai.
Tukanga Oumu Hiko: Ka whakamahia e te Tukanga Oumu Hiko he pewa hiko pāmahana teitei hei whakarewa i te para me te whakaiti tika i te rino, ā, he tino whai hua mō te whakaputa i ngā taumata motuhake me te whakahaere i ngā hanganga koranu, tae atu ki te whakaputa puranga iti.
Me hanga ngā ngongo e tewhakarewa ātete-hiko (ERW)tukanga
Ko te paipa ERW he tukanga hanga whakarewa mā te takai i tētahi mea whakarewa ki roto i tētahi rango, me te whakamahi i te ātete me te pēhanga puta noa i tōna roa.
Ka taea te whakamahana, te whakaiti rānei i te ahotea o ngā ngongo Wāhanga B.
Kei roto i te hanganga matū o te maitai ASTM A500 Grade B he nui te waro me te konupūmā hei whakarite i ngā āhuatanga miihini me te kaha whakarewa pai. I taua wā anō, ka tino whakahaerehia ngā taumata o te whākawa me te whanariki kia kore ai e pakarukaru, ā, mā te tāpiri i te parahi he nui ka pai ake te ātete ki te waikura.
He tino pai ēnei āhuatanga mō ngā tono hanganga, inā koa i ngā taiao e hiahiatia ana he pai te kaha whakarewa me te pakari.
Me tutuki i ngā tauira ngā whakaritenga e tika ana o ASTM A370, Tāpiritanga A2.
| Rārangi | Taumata B | |
| Kaha kume, min | psi | 58,000 |
| MPa | 400 | |
| Te kaha o te tuku, min | psi | 46,000 |
| MPa | 315 | |
| Te whakaroa i roto i te 2 inihi (50 mm), min,C | % | 23A |
| AE pā ana ki ngā matotoru pakitara kua tohua (t) he rite ki te 0.180 inihi [4.57mm] te rahi, he nui ake rānei. Mō ngā matotoru pakitara māmā ake kua tohua, me tatau ngā uara whakaroa iti rawa mā te tātai: ōrau whakaroa i roto i te 2 inihi [50 mm] = 61t+ 12, whakaawhiwhia ki te ōrau tata. Mō te A500M whakamahia te tātai e whai ake nei: 2.4t+ 12, whakaawhiwhia ki te ōrau tata. CKo ngā uara roa iti rawa kua tohua ka pā anake ki ngā whakamātautau i mahia i mua i te tukunga o te ngongo. | ||
Whakarewadngāwaritte wāMā te whakamahi i tētahi tauira he 4 inihi (100 mm) te roa, whakatāpirihia te tauira me te hononga whakarewa i te 90° ki te ahunga uta kia iti iho te tawhiti i waenga i ngā pereti i te 2/3 o te whānui o waho o te paipa. Kaua te tauira e pakaru, e whati rānei i ngā mata o roto, o waho rānei i tēnei tukanga.
Whakamātautau ngāwari o ngā paipaMe whakahāngai tonu te tauira kia iti iho i te haurua o te whānui o waho o te paipa te tawhiti i waenga i ngā pereti. I tēnei wā, kaua te paipa e pakaru, e pakaru rānei i ngā mata o roto, o waho hoki.
Ngākau ponotte wāMe haere tonu te whakaparaha i te tauira kia pakaru rā anō, kia tutuki rānei ngā whakaritenga matotoru o te pakitara. Mēnā ka kitea he tohu o te kiriuhi papa, he rauemi kore pumau, he whakapiringa kāore anō kia oti i te whakamātautau whakaparaha, ka kiia te tauira kāore i te pai.
E wātea ana he whakamātautau mura mō ngā ngongo porowhita ≤ 254 mm (10 inihi) te whānui, engari kāore i te whakahauhia.
Me kore he hapa o ngā paipa katoa, ā, me rite te āhua ki te mahi a te tangata.
Me whakarōpūtia ngā hapa o te mata hei hapa ina whakaitihia e te hohonutanga o te pakitara e toe ana ki raro iho i te 90% o te matotoru pakitara kua tohua.
Ka taea te whakakore katoa i ngā hapa tae atu ki te 33% o te matotoru o te pakitara kua tohua mā te tapahi, te huri rānei hei konganuku oti.
Mena ka whakamahia te whakarewa whakakī, me whakamahi te tukanga whakarewa mākū, ā, me tango te konganuku whakarewa e pupū ake ana kia maeneene tonu te mata.
Ko ngā hapa o te mata, pērā i ngā tohu o te ringaringa, ngā tohu iti o te pokepokea ai, ngā tohu o te takai rānei, ngā poka pāpaku rānei, kāore e kiia he hapa mēnā ka taea te tango i roto i te matotoru o te pakitara kua tohua.
Me whakauru ngā mōhiohio e whai ake nei:
Ingoa o te kaihangaKoinei pea te ingoa katoa o te kaihanga, te whakarāpopototanga rānei.
Waitohu, Tohu Hokohoko rāneiKo te ingoa waitohu, te tohu hokohoko rānei e whakamahia ana e te kaihanga hei wehewehe i ana hua.
Kaiwhakatakoto WhakatakotorangaASTM A500, kāore e hiahiatia kia whakaurua te tau i whakaputaina ai.
Reta WhakataurangaTohu B, C, D rānei.
Mō ngā ngongo hanganga ≤ 100mm (4inihi) te whānui, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tapanga hei tohu mārama i ngā mōhiohio tautuhi.
E whakamahia ana mō ngā mahi hanganga, e whakarato ana i te kaha ā-pūkaha me te āheinga whakarewa e tika ana hei tautoko i te hoahoa me te hanganga o ngā hanganga hoahoanga me ngā hanganga hangarau.
E whakamahia whānuitia ana tēnei paipa rino i roto i ngā anga hanga whare, i ngā piriti, i ngā whare ahumahi, me te maha atu o ngā wāhanga hanganga e hiahia ana kia kaha, kia roa hoki te ora.
ASTM A370: Ngā Tikanga Whakamātautau me ngā Whakamāramatanga mō te Whakamātautau Ā-ringa o ngā Hua Rino.
ASTM A700: Aratohu mō ngā Tikanga Tākai, Tohu, me te Utaina mō ngā Hua Rino hei Tukunga.
ASTM A751: Ngā Tikanga Whakamātautau me ngā Mahi mō te Tātari Matū o ngā Hua Rino.
Ngā Kupu ASTM A941 e pā ana ki te maitai, te maitai kore waikura, ngā koranu e pā ana, me ngā koranu ferro.
E ai ki ngā hiahia o ngā kiritaki, he maha ngā huarahi ka taea te mahi i te maimoatanga ārai-waikura o ngā mata o ngā paipa maitai hei whakapakari ake i tōna ātete ki te waikura me te whakaroa i tōna roanga mahi.
Tae atu ki te wanihi, te peita, te whakapūmau, te 3PE, te FBE, me ētahi atu tikanga.
He kaihanga me te kaiwhakarato paipa maitai waro kounga teitei mātou nō Haina, ā, he kaihokohoko paipa maitai kore hononga hoki mātou, e tuku ana i te whānuitanga o ngā otinga paipa maitai ki a koe!
Mena kei te hiahia koe ki te mōhio atu mō ngā hua paipa maitai, whakapā mai ki a mātou!
