API 5L Tau Bka hangaia te paipa maitai i runga anō i ngā whakaritenga e tika ana oAPI 5Lā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha kawe paipa i roto i te umanga hinu me te hau.
Taumata Bka taea hoki te kī koL245Ko te āhuatanga ko te kaha tuku iti rawa o te paipa maitai he245 MPa.
E rua ngā momo whakatakotoranga hua e wātea ana mō te paipa raina API 5L:PSL1e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha kawe waka paerewa, i te wāPSL2he pai mō ngā āhuatanga kino rawa atu me te kaha ā-mīhini teitei ake me ngā paerewa whakamātautau tino pakari ake.
Ka taea te whakahaere i te tukanga hanga kia maeneene (SMLS), ātete hiko i whakarewaina (ERW), i whakarewahia rānei te pewa i raro i te wai (KĪHI) kia rite ki ngā hiahia tāutanga me ngā hiahia whakahaere rerekē.
Botop Steelhe kaihanga ngaio o ngā paipa maitai LSAW pewa rua-taha, he matotoru te pakitara, he whānui nui, kei Haina.
Tauwāhi: Te Tāone o Cangzhou, Porowini o Hebei, Haina;
Te Tapeke Pūtea: 500 miriona RMB;
Te rohe wheketere: 60,000 mita pūrua;
Te kaha whakaputa ā-tau: 200,000 tāne o ngā paipa maitai JCOE LSAW;
Taputapu: Ngā taputapu whakaputa me te whakamātautau matatau;
Tohungatanga: Te hanga paipa maitai LSAW;
Tiwhikete: Kua tiwhiketehia ki te API 5L.
Whakarōpūtanga API 5L Tau B
Kua wehea kia maha ngā momo i runga i ngā Taumata Whakatakotoranga Hua (PSL) me ngā tikanga tuku.
Mā tēnei whakarōpūtanga ka nui ake te hiranga o te kōwhiringa o te paipa raina tika kia ea ai ngā hiahia o tētahi kaupapa motuhake me ngā whakaritenga o te taiao mahi.
PSL1: B.
PSL2: BR;BN;BQ;BM.
He maha ngā ngongo maitai PSL 2 motuhake e whakamahia ana mō ngā taiao ratonga motuhake.
Ngā taiao ratonga kawa: BNS; BQS; BMS.
Taiao ratonga taimoana: BNO; BQO; BMO.
Ngā tono e hiahia ana ki te kaha totoro kirihou roa: BNP; BQP; BMP.
Ngā Tikanga Tukunga
| PSL | Āhua Tukunga | Pae Paipa/Pae Rino | |
| PSL1 | Kua hurihia, kua whakatauritehia te hurihanga, kua hurihia te āhua werawera, kua hangaia te āhua werawera, kua whakatauritehia te āhua, kua whakaritea, kua whakatauritehia me te whakamahana; mēnā rāneiwhakaaetia, tineia, ā, whakamahanatia mō ngā paipa SMLS anake | B | L245 |
| PSL 2 | Kua hurihia | BR | L245R |
| Te whakataurite i te hurihuri, te whakataurite i te hanga, te whakataurite, te whakataurite rānei me te whakatikatika | BN | L245N | |
| Kua tineia, kua whakamahanatia | BQ | L245Q | |
| He mea hurihuri, he mea hanga rānei he mea hanga ki te wai wera | BM | L245M | |
Ko te āhua tuku o te paipa maitai e pā ana ki te maimoatanga wera, ki ētahi atu maimoatanga rānei i te mutunga o te tukanga hanga o te paipa maitai, ā, he pānga nui ēnei maimoatanga ki ngā āhuatanga miihini, te ātete ki te waikura, me te pumau hanganga o te paipa maitai.
Tukanga Hanga Paipa Rino API 5L GR.B
I roto i te paerewa API 5L, ka taea te whakaputa i ngā paipa Reanga B mā te whakamahi i tētahi o ngā tukanga whakaputa kei roto i te ripanga e whai ake nei.
| API 5L PSL1 Tau B | SMLS | LFW | HFW | SAWL | SAWH | COWL | COWH |
| API 5L PSL2 Tau B | SMLS | — | HFW | SAWL | SAWH | COWL | COWH |
Ki te hiahia koe ki te mōhio atu ki te tikanga o te kupu whakarāpopoto Manufacturing Process,pāwhiri ki konei.
LSAWko te otinga tino pai mō ngā paipa maitai he whānui nui, he pakitara matotoru.
Ko te āhuatanga motuhake o te āhua ko te aroaro o te whakarewa i te ahunga roa o te paipa.
Momo Pito Paipa
Tērā pea ka rerekē ngā momo pito paipa maitai API 5L Grade B i roto i te PSL1 me te PSL2.
PSL 1 Pito Paipa Rino
Pito pere; Pito noa;Pito noa mō te hononga motuhake; Pito miro.
Pito pere: E wātea ana ki ngā ngongo me te D ≤ 219.1 mm (8.625 inihi) me te t ≤ 3.6 mm (0.141 inihi) i te pito o te pūwero.
Pito miro: Ko te paipa pito-miro e herea ana ki te SMLS me te paipa honohono roa me te D < 508 mm (20 inihi).
Pito Paipa Rino PSL 2
Pito noa.
Mō ngā pito paipa noa, me tutuki ngā whakaritenga e whai ake nei:
Me tapa tapawhā ngā mata o te paipa pito papatahi t ≤ 3.2 mm (0.125 inihi).
Me whakapiko ngā ngongo pito-kore, he t > 3.2 mm (0.125 inihi) hei whakarewa. Me 30-35° te koki piko, ā, me 0.8 - 2.4 mm (0.031 - 0.093 inihi) te whānui o te mata pūtake o te piko.
Hanganga Matū API 5L Tau B
Me whakatau te hanganga matū o ngā paipa maitai PSL1 me PSL2 t > 25.0 mm (0.984 in) mā te whakaaetanga.
Te Hanganga Matū mō te Paipa PSL 1 me te t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 inihi)
Te Hanganga Matū mō te Paipa PSL 2 me te t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 inihi)
Mō ngā hua paipa maitai PSL2 i tātarihia ki tete ihirangi waro o ≤0.12%, te ōrite waro CEpcmka taea te tatau mā te whakamahi i te tātai e whai ake nei:
CEpcm= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Mō ngā hua paipa maitai PSL2 i tātarihia ki tete nui o te waro > 0.12%, te ōrite waro CEllwka taea te tatau mā te whakamahi i te tātai i raro nei:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Āhuatanga Mīhini API 5L Tau B
Āhuatanga Kume
Ngā Āhuatanga Kume PSL1 GR.B
Ngā Āhuatanga Kume PSL2 GR.B
Tuhipoka: Te roanga iti rawa kua tohua, Awhme whakatau mā te whakamahi i te whārite e whai ake nei:
Hef= C × (Axc0.2/U0.9)
Cko te 1940 mō ngā tātaitanga e whakamahi ana i ngā waeine SI me te 625,000 mō ngā tātaitanga e whakamahi ana i ngā waeine USC;
Axc ko te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga o te wahi whakamātautau kume e tika ana, e whakaatuhia ana i roto i ngā mirimita tapawhā (inihi tapawhā), penei:
1) mō ngā wahi whakamātautau porowhita, 130 mm2(0.20 inihi2) mō ngā wahi whakamātautau he 12.7 mm (0.500 inihi) me te 8.9 mm (0.350 inihi) te whānui; 65 mm2(0.10 inihi2) mō ngā mongamonga whakamātautau he 6.4 mm (0.250 inihi) te whānui;
2) mō ngā wāhanga whakamātautau wāhanga-katoa, ko te iti iho i te a) 485 mm2(0.75 inihi2) me te b) te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga o te wahi whakamātautau, T i ahu mai i te whakamahi i te diameter o waho kua tohua me te matotoru pakitara kua tohua o te paipa, i whakaawhiwhihia ki te 10 mm tata2(0.01 inihi2);
3) mō ngā wahi whakamātautau rīpene, ko te iti iho i te a) 485 mm2(0.75 inihi2) me te b) te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga o te wahi whakamātautau, i ahu mai i te whānui kua tohua o te wahi whakamātautau me te matotoru pakitara kua tohua o te paipa, i whakaawhiwhia ki te 10 mm tata2(0.01 inihi2);
Uko te kaha kume iti rawa kua tohua, e whakaatuhia ana i roto i ngā megapascals (pauna ia inihi tapawha).
Whakamātautau Piko
Kaua tetahi wāhanga o te tauira e pakaru, ā, kaua hoki te hononga whakarewa e pakaru.
Whakamātautau Whakapapatahi
Kāore e pā ana ki te paipa maitai LSAW.
He pai mōEW, LW, meCWte hanga i ngā momo paipa.
Whakamātautau Piko-ārahi
Whakaaturia ngā kapiti, ngā pakaru rānei o te konganuku whakarewa he roa ake i te 3.2 mm (0.125 inihi), ahakoa te hohonu.
Whakaaturia ngā kapiti, ngā pakaru rānei o te konganuku matua, te HAZ, te aho hanumi rānei, he roa ake i te 3.2 mm (0.125 inihi) he hohonu ake rānei i te 12.5% o te matotoru o te pakitara kua tohua.
Whakamātautau Pānga CVN mō te Paipa PSL 2
Ko te whakamātautau pānga CVN (Charpy V-Notch), he tikanga whakamātautau paerewa mō te aromatawai i te pakari o ngā rauemi ina pāngia e ngā kawenga pānga tere.
E pā ana ngā whakaritenga e whai ake nei ki ngā māka ≤ X60, L415 rānei.
| Ngā Whakaritenga Pūngao Mimihia e te CVN mō te Tinana Paipa o te Paipa PSL 2 | |
| Diameter o Waho kua Tauwhāitihia D mm (inihi) | Pūngao Mimihia CVN Rahi-katoa meneti Kv J (ft.lbf) |
| ≤762 (30) | 27 (20) |
| ＞762 (30) ki te 2134 (84) | 40 (30) |
Whakamātautau DWT mō te Paipa Whakarewa PSL 2
Ko te horahanga kutikuti toharite mō ia whakamātautau me ≥ 85% i te pāmahana whakamātautau 0 °C (32 °F).
Mō ngā ngongo he matotoru te pakitara >25.4 mm (1 inihi), me whiriwhiri ngā whakaritenga whakaae mō te whakamātautau DWT.
Whakamātautau Waipūmau
Wā Whakamātautau
Ngā rahi katoa o ngā ngongo maitai kore hononga me ngā ngongo maitai whakarewa me te D ≤ 457 mm (18 inihi):wā whakamātautau ≥ 5s;
Paipa maitai whakarewa D > 457 mm (18 inihi):wā whakamātautau ≥ 10s.
Auautanga Whakamātautau
Ia paipa maitai.
Ngā pēhanga whakamātautau
Ko te pēhanga whakamātautau wai ātete P o tepaipa maitai pito-koreka taea te tatau mā te whakamahi i te tātai.
P = 2St/D
Sko te ahotea o te porowhita. he ōrite te uara ki te kaha tuku iti rawa kua tohua o te ōrau paipa maitai xa, i roto i te MPa (psi);
Mō te API 5L Taumata B, ko ngā ōrau he 60% mō te pēhanga whakamātautau paerewa me te 70% mō te pēhanga whakamātautau kōwhiringa.
Mō te D <88.9 mm (3.500 inihi), kāore e hiahiatia kia neke ake te pēhanga whakamātautau i te 17.0 MPa (2470 psi);
Mō te D > 88.9 mm (3.500 inihi), kāore e hiahiatia kia neke ake te pēhanga whakamātautau i te 19.0 MPa (2760 psi).
tko te matotoru o te pakitara kua tohua, e whakaaturia ana i roto i ngā mirimita (inihi);
Dko te diameter o waho kua tohua, e whakaaturia ana i roto i ngā mirimita (inihi).
Tirotiro Kore-Whakangaro
Mō ngā ngongo SAW, ngā tikanga e rua,UT(whakamātautau ultrasonic) rāneiRT(whakamātautau x-ray), e whakamahia ana i te nuinga o te wā.
ET(whakamātautau hikohiko) kāore e pā ki ngā ngongo SAW.
Me tirotirohia ngā hononga whakarewa i runga i ngā paipa whakarewa o ngā taumata ≥ L210/A me ngā diameter ≥ 60.3 mm (2.375 inihi) kia kore ai e whakangaromia, kia kitea ai te matotoru me te roa katoa (100%) e ai ki te whakaritenga.
Whakamātautau kore-whakangaro UT
Whakamātautau kore-whakangaro RT
Tauwhāitihia te Diameter o Waho me te Matotoru o te Pakitara
Ko ngā uara paerewa mō ngā diameter o waho kua tohua me ngā matotoru pakitara kua tohua o te paipa maitai kua hoatu ki roto iISO 4200meASME B36.10M.
Ngā Ātete Ahu
Ngā Ātete mō te Diameter me te Out-of-Porowhita
Ko te diameter o te paipa rino e tautuhia ana ko te porowhita o te paipa i roto i tētahi papa porowhita wehea ki te π.
Ngā Ātete mō te Matotoru o te Pakitara
Te Manawanui mō te Roa
Ngā roa tatame tuku i roto i te ātete o te ±500 mm (20 inihi).
Ngā manawanui mōroa matapōkere
| Tohu Roa Matapōkere mita (putu) | Roa iti rawa mita (putu) | Te Roa Toharite Iti rawa mō ia Tuemi Ota mita (putu) | Te Roa Mōrahi m (putu) |
| Paipa Miro-ā-honohono | |||
| 6 (20) | 4.88 (16.0) | 5.33 (17.5) | 6.86 (22.5) |
| 9 (30) | 4.11 (13.5) | 8.00 (26.2) | 10.29 (33.8) |
| 12 (40) | 6.71 (22.0) | 10.67 (35.0) | 13.72 (45.0) |
| Paipa pito-kore | |||
| 6 (20) | 2.74 (9.0) | 5.33 (17.5) | 6.86 (22.5) |
| 9 (30) | 4.11 (13.5) | 8.00 (26.2) | 10.29 (33.8) |
| 12 (40) | 4.27 (14.0) | 10.67 (35.0) | 13.72 (45.0) |
| 15 (50) | 5.33 (17.5) | 13.35 (43.8) | 16.76 (55.0) |
| 18 (60) | 6.40 (21.0) | 16.00 (52.5) | 19.81 (65.0) |
| 24 (80) | 8.53 (28.0) | 21.34 (70.0) | 25.91 (85.0) |
Te Manawanui mō te Tika
Te rerekētanga o te tika i runga i tete roa katoa o te ngongo: ≤ 0.200 rita;
Te rerekētanga o te tika o1.5 m (5.0 putu) te pito o te paipa maitai: ≤ 3.2mm (0.125 inihi).
Te Manawanui mō te Tika
Ko te tapawhā pito e tautuhia ana he tapawhā ki te pito o te paipa.
Ko te kore-tapawhā me iti iho i te 1.6 mm (0.063 inihi). Ko te kore-tapawhā ka inehia hei āputa i waenganui i te pito o te paipa me te waewae o te paipa.
Ngā Ātete mō te Tuihono Whakarewa
Tauwehenga Pūtoro Whakaaetia Mōrahimō te Paipa SAW me te Paipa KAU.
| Matotoru o te Pakitara kua Tauwhāitihia t mm (inihi) | Tauwehenga Pūtoro Whakaaetia Mōrahiamm (inihi) |
| ≤ 15.0 (0.590) | 1.5 (0.060) |
| > 15.0 (0.590) ki te 25.0 (0.984) | 0.1t |
| > 25.0 (0.984) | 2.5 (0.098) |
| aKa pā anō hoki ēnei here ki ngā whakarewa pito rīpene/pereti | |
Teitei o te Pīra Whakarewa e Whakaaetia anamō ngā Paipa SAW me te COW (Haunga ngā Pito o te Paipa).
| Matotoru o te Pakitara kua Tauwhāitihia mm (inihi) | Teitei o te Pīra Whakarewa mm (inihi) whakataukī | |
| Pīni ā-roto | Pīra o Waho | |
| ≤13.0 (0.512) | 3.5 (0.138) | 3.5 (0.138) |
| >13.0 (0.512) | 3.5 (0.138) | 4.5 (0.177) |
Me maeneene te whakawhiti o te whakarewa ki te mata o te paipa rino e tata ana.
Me huri ngā pito o ngā paipa kia 100 mm (4.0 inihi) te roa, ā, ko te teitei toenga o te whakarewa kia ≤ 0.5 mm (0.020 inihi).
Ngā Manawanui mō te Papatipu
Ia paipa maitai：
a) mō ngā paipa māmā motuhake: -5.0% - +10.0%;
b) mō ngā paipa o te Wāhanga L175, L175P, A25, me te A25P: -5.0% - +10.0%;
c) mō ngā paipa katoa: -3.5% - +10.0%.
Paipa mō ia rota(≥ 18 tāne (20 tāne) mō te rota ota):
a) mō ngā reanga L175, L175P, A25, me A25P: -3.5 %;
b) mō ngā māka katoa: -1.75 %.
Ngā Taupānga API 5L GR.B
Ko te paipa maitai API 5L Grade B he momo paipa raina, e whakamahia ana mō te kawe i ngā wai pērā i te hinu, te hau māori, me te wai, ā, ko tētahi o ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga hinu me te hau.
Ngā pūnaha tuku hinu me te hauKo te paipa maitai API 5L Grade B e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā whare tango me te tukatuka i te mara hinu me te hau hei kawe i te hinu mata me te hau maori ki ngā pūnaha kohikohi, ki ngā whare tukatuka rānei.
Ngā paipa waiTērā pea ka tāpirihia ētahi atu maimoatanga mata, pērā i ngā paninga, i te whakakikorua rānei, hei whakapai ake i tōna ātete ki te waikura, hei whakamahi mā te kawe wai, tae atu ki ngā pūnaha tuku wai me ngā pūnaha whakamakuku.
Ngā whare whakahinuhinuI roto i ngā whare whakapai hinu, ka whakamahia te paipa maitai API 5L Grade B hei kawe i ngā momo matū me ngā takawaenga i ahu mai i te whakahorotanga wāhanga o te hinu mata.
Te hanga me te hangangaI roto i te umanga hanga, mō te hanga piriti, ngā hanganga tautoko, me ētahi atu kaupapa hanganga nui, inā koa ka hiahiatia he kawe wai i tawhiti.
API 5L Taurite B
ASTM A106 Tau BHe ngongo maitai waro kore-whakauru e whakamahia ana mō te mahi pāmahana teitei, he rite tonu te hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga hangarau ki te API 5L Wāhanga B. Ko te ASTM A106 Wāhanga B e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te kawe i te mamaoa wai pāmahana teitei, ngā matū, me ngā hua hinu.
ASTM A53 Tau BKo tētahi atu momo paipa maitai waro tēnei, ka taea te whakarewa, te hono rānei, ā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā mahi miihini, hanga, me ētahi atu mahi hangarau. Ahakoa e whakamahia ana mō ngā mahi pēhanga iti me te pāmahana, he rite ētahi o ōna tawhā āhuatanga miihini ki te API 5L Grade B.
EN 10208-2 L245NBWhakamahia mō te hanga paipa hei kawe i ngā hau mura me ētahi atu wai. Ko te L245NB (1.0457) he maitai paipa kaha-waenga me ngā āhuatanga hangarau e rite ana ki te API 5L Grade B.
ISO 3183 L245Whakamahia i roto i ngā pūnaha kawe paipa i roto i te umanga hinu me te hau. He tino ōrite ngā āhuatanga o te L245 i roto i te ISO 3183 ki te API 5L Grade B, ā, he maha ngā wā ka taea te whakamahi tauwhitiwhiti.
Ngā Ratonga Tāpiri Ka Taea e Mātou te Whakarato
Botop SteelEhara i te mea ko te paipa maitai API 5L Grade B kounga teitei anake tā mātou e whakarato ana, engari he maha hoki ngā ratonga tautoko e tukuna ana ki a koe, tae atu ki te whānuitanga o ngā kōwhiringa paninga ārai-waikura, ngā otinga takai whaiaro, me te tautoko ratonga whānui hei whakarite kia taea e mātou te whakatutuki i ō hiahia.
E whakapau kaha ana mātou ki te waihanga i tētahi tūāpapa kotahi-mutu mō te rapu rauemi hei āwhina i a koe ki te uru atu ki ngā hua me ngā ratonga katoa e hiahiatia ana e koe. Mā ā mātou ratonga ngaio, pono hoki, ka taea e koe te whakaoti i ia taahiraa o tō kaupapa me te whai hua, me te kore raruraru, kia pai ai te kounga me te ahunga whakamua. Ko tā mātou whāinga kia noho hei hoa pono mōu.
Paninga Ārai-waikura
Botop Steelhe whānuitanga o ngā kōwhiringa paninga ārai waikura, tae atu kipeitatia, whakakanapatia,3LPE (HDPE), 3LPP,FBE, me ngā taumaha sima, hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga whakamahinga rerekē o tō kaupapa.
tākai
He maha ngā momo tākai e tukuna ana e mātou, tae atu ki ngā pēre, ngā tārepa, ngā pouaka, me ngā taupoki paipa, ka taea te whakarite kia rite ki ō hiahia.
Tautoko Hangarau
E whakapau kaha ana tā mātou kamupene ki te whakarato ratonga tautoko hangarau whānui e kapi ana i ngā wāhanga katoa o tētahi kaupapa. Mai i te whakarite tono i mua i te kaupapa ki ngā whakaritenga hoko me te kawe waka i waenganui o te kaupapa, tae atu ki te tiaki me te rapurongoā i muri i te kaupapa, ka taea e tā mātou tīma ngaio te whakarato tohutohu me te tautoko tohunga ki a koe.
Ko tā mātou whāinga he āwhina i a koe ki te hoko hua kounga teitei, utu tika hoki i Haina, kia pai ai te haere o tō kaupapa, kia iti ai hoki te utu. Kei te tumanako mātou ki te mahi tahi me koe ki te waihanga i tētahi heke mai e whai hua ana mō te katoa.
