Nā paipu humuhumu ʻole Astm a53Ua hana ʻia me nā paipu kalapona a me ka hao, ʻo nā ʻano humuhumu ʻole e loaʻa ai ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻaila, ka ʻoihana kemika, nā mīkini, ka mokulele, ka aerospace a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. ʻO kāna mau hiʻohiʻona nui e pili ana i kēia:
1. Ikaika kiʻekiʻe: Ma muli o ke kaʻina hana hana a me nā ʻano mea o ka paipu kila humuhumu, he ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika hua ka paipu kila humuhumu kalapona.
2. Ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka palaho: kila kalaponapaipu kila humuhumuhe kūpaʻa maikaʻi kona i ka pala, no kekahi mau waikawa ikaika, alkali ikaika a me nā mea kemika ʻē aʻe me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi.
3. Kaʻina hana hana maʻalahi: ʻo ke kaʻina hana hana paipu kila kila kila ʻole he maʻalahi, haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai, kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokō hana.
4. Hoʻohana nui ʻia: ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu kila kila kila kila i ka ʻaila, ka ʻoihana kemika, nā mīkini, nā mokulele, nā aerospace a me nā mahina ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea pipeline koʻikoʻi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-30-2023