ASTM A334Papa 6he paipu kila kalapona ikaika kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa wela me ka nui o ke kalapona o 0.30%, ka nui o ka manganese o 0.29-1.06%, ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa o 415Mpa (60ksi), a me ka ikaika hua o 240Mp (35ksi).
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma ke kahua o nā hale hana kinoea kūlohelohe liquefied, ʻenekinia polar, a me ka ʻenehana refrigeration, e hoʻololi ana i nā wahi haʻahaʻa loa.
Hiki ke hana ʻia ka paipu kila ASTM A334 Papa 6 e nā kaʻina hana seamless a welded paha.
Hoʻokomo pū nā kaʻina hana kuʻihao i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e like mekuʻihao pale uila (ERW)a mekuʻihao ʻāʻī i lalo o ka wai (SAW).
Aia ma lalo ke kaʻina hana no kaʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka Arc i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma lalo o ka wai (LSAW).
Ma ke ʻano he mea hana i nā paipu kila i hoʻopili ʻia, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokō i nā pono kikoʻī o kā mākou mea kūʻai aku like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole e hōʻoia i ka hana maikaʻi loa a me ka maikaʻi no kēlā me kēia noi.
ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o ka paipu LSAW i hoʻokahi ʻāpana e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ikaika holoʻokoʻa o ka paipu, e ʻae ana iā ia e kū i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
Eia kekahi, kūpono loa ia no ka hana ʻana i ka paipu kila me ke anawaena nui a me ka paia mānoanoa e hoʻokō ana i nā pono o ASTM A334 Grade 6 i nā ʻōnaehana ʻoihana nui a me ka hoʻolako ikehu, e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale kinoea kūlohelohe liquefied (LNG) nui.
I ka manawa like, hōʻoia ka mana kikoʻī i nā anawaena paipu kūlike a me nā mānoanoa o ka paia no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hilinaʻi pili a me ka pale ʻana i ka leakage i nā ʻōnaehana paipu.
E hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma ka hoʻomehana ʻana i kahi mahana like ʻaʻole i emi ma lalo o 1550 °F [845 °C] a hoʻomaʻalili i ka lewa a i ʻole i loko o ke keʻena hoʻoluʻu o kahi umu i hoʻomalu ʻia e ka lewa.
Inā pono ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, pono e kūkākūkā ʻia.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ke ʻano kemika o ka paipu kila ASTM A334 Grade 6 e hōʻoia i nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa a me ka paʻakikī kūpono no ka lawelawe hilinaʻi ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.
| Papa | C (Kalapona) | Mn (Manganese) | P (Phosphorus) | S (Sulepura) | Si (Silikona) |
| Papa 6 | ʻoi loa 0.30 | 0.29-1.06 | ʻoi loa 0.025 | ʻoi loa 0.025 | 0.10 iki |
| No kēlā me kēia hōʻemi ʻana o 0.01% kalapona ma lalo o 0.30%, e ʻae ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o 0.05% manganese ma luna o 1.06% i ka nui loa o 1.35% manganese. | |||||
No nā kila Papa 1 a i ʻole Papa 6, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia e hāʻawi i nā papa hoʻohuihui no nā mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā mea i koi ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻae ʻia e hoʻohui i nā mea e pono ai no ka deoxidation o ke kila.
Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hopena ma ka paipu kila Papa 6 ma -45°C [-50°F] ma ke ʻano he ala e hōʻoia ai i ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka hopena o ka mea ma nā wahi mahana haʻahaʻa loa.
Ua mālama ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma ke koho ʻana i ka ikehu hopena kūpono e pili ana i ka mānoanoa o ka paia o ka paipu kila.
Nā waiwai elongation liʻiliʻi loa i helu ʻia no kēlā me kēia emi ʻana o ka mānoanoa o ka paia he 1/32 ʻīniha [0.80 mm].
| Papa | Rockwell | ʻO Brinell |
| ASTM A334 Papa 6 | B 90 | 190 |
Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia kēlā me kēia paipu me ka ʻole o ka luku ʻana ma ke ʻano uila a i ʻole ka hydrostatic e like me ke Kikoʻī A1016/A1016M.
Inā ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ke kauoha kūʻai, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana ʻia e koho ia e ka mea hana.
Hoʻāʻo Hoʻopālahalaha
Hoʻāʻo Flare (Nā Paipu Seamless)
Hoʻāʻo Flange (Nā Paipu Welded)
Hoʻāʻo Hoʻopālahalaha Hoʻohuli
1. Nā hale hana kinoea kūlohelohe wai (LNG)Ma muli o kona mau waiwai haʻahaʻa maikaʻi loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu kila Papa 6 i ka hana ʻana o ka LNG, nā hale mālama a me nā hale lawe. Pono kēia mau hale i nā mea e mālama i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi i nā mahana haʻahaʻa loa.
2. Nā ʻōnaehana halihali aila a me ke kinoeahoʻohana ʻia e halihali i nā hydrocarbons wai a kinoea paha, e like me ke kinoea petroleum liquefied (LPG) a me nā wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻē aʻe i loko o kahi kaiapuni haʻahaʻa.
3. ʻEnehana hoʻomaʻalili a me nā hale mālama anuPili kēia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻalili, e like me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa hau a me ka mālama anu i ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai a me nā kaʻina hana kemika ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka hana haʻahaʻa.
4. ʻEnekinia PolarMa nā papahana ʻenekinia ma nā ʻāpana polar, e like me nā kikowaena noiʻi ʻepekema ma ka Arctic a i ʻole Antarctica, hoʻohana ʻia lākou e kūkulu i nā ʻōnaehana conveyor paʻa a hilinaʻi hoʻi e pono ai ke kū i nā mahana anuanu loa a me nā kūlana kaiapuni ʻino.
5. Nā ʻōnaehana ea hoʻoluʻu a me nā mea hoʻololi welaHoʻohana pinepine ʻia hoʻi i nā ʻōnaehana ea hoʻoluʻu nui a me nā mea hoʻololi wela, pono e hana pono i nā mahana haʻahaʻa e hōʻoia i ka pono a me ka palekana o ka ʻōnaehana.
6. ʻEnekinia mana a me nā kikowaena manaMa nā papahana ʻenekinia mana kūikawā, e like me kekahi mau ʻano kikowaena mana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila Papa 6 e lawelawe i nā wai a i ʻole nā kinoea ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa e hōʻoia i ka hana palekana a me ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana.
EN 10216-4:P265NLHoʻohana nui ʻia no nā kīʻaha kaomi cryogenic a me nā ʻōnaehana paipu cryogenic, he paʻakikī maikaʻi a me ka ikaika a kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi cryogenic.
DIN 17173:TTSt41N: Hoʻolālā ʻia no nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hāʻawi ia i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi loa a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā lako a me nā paipu e koi ana i nā wahi hana haʻahaʻa loa.
JIS G3460:STPL46Hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana halihali paipu ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki ke kū i kekahi mau hopena a me nā kaomi haʻahaʻa.
GB/T 18984:09Mn2VHe mea kūikawā kēia mea i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōmole kila humuhumu ʻole no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, me ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka māwae.
I ke koho ʻana i kēia mau mea like, he mea nui e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o kā lākou hoʻohui kemika a me nā waiwai mechanical i nā kūlana noi a me nā koi hana.
Pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia mau palena me nā kikoʻī a pono paha nā kaʻina hoʻāʻo hou a me nā kaʻina hōʻoia e hōʻoia i ke kūpono a me ka hana o ka mea.
Mai kona hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana i ka makahiki 2014, ua lilo ʻo Botop Steel i mea hoʻolako nui opaipu kila kalaponama Kina ʻĀkau, i ʻike ʻia no ka lawelawe maikaʻi loa, nā huahana kiʻekiʻe, a me nā hoʻonā piha. Hāʻawi ka ʻoihana i nā ʻano paipu kila kalapona like ʻole a me nā huahana pili, me ka paipu kila seamless, ERW, LSAW, a me SSAW, a me kahi laina piha o nā mea hoʻopili paipu a me nā flanges.
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia kāna huahana kūikawā i nā metala kiʻekiʻe a me nā kila kila austenitic, i hana ʻia e hoʻokō i nā koi o nā papahana pipeline like ʻole.
