Babban kayan gwaji na inganci da hanyoyinbututun sumul:
1. Duba girma da siffar bututun ƙarfe
(1) Duba kauri bango na bututun ƙarfe: micrometer, ma'aunin kauri na ultrasonic, ba kasa da maki 8 a duka ƙarshen da rikodin ba.
(2) Duba bututun ƙarfe diamita na waje da kuma ovality: ma'aunin calliper, ma'aunin vernier, da ma'aunin zobe don auna manyan da ƙananan maki.
(3) Duba tsawon bututun ƙarfe: tef ɗin ƙarfe, da hannu, auna tsawon atomatik.
(4) Duba matakin lanƙwasa bututun ƙarfe: mai mulki, mai mulki matakin (mita 1), ma'aunin ji, da kuma siraran layi don auna matakin lanƙwasa a kowace mita da kuma cikakken tsawon matakin lanƙwasa.
(5) Duba kusurwar bevel da gefen da ba shi da kyau na ƙarshen fuskar bututun ƙarfe: murabba'i mai mulki, farantin mannewa.
2. Duba ingancin samanbututun sumul
(1) Duba gani da hannu: a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau na haske, bisa ga ƙa'idodi, ƙwarewar yin alama, juya bututun ƙarfe don duba da kyau. Ba a yarda saman ciki da waje na bututun ƙarfe mara sulɓi su sami tsagewa, naɗewa, tabo, birgima da kuma wargajewa ba.
(2) Gwaji mara lalatawa dubawa:
a. Gano lahani na Ultrasonic UT: Yana da sauƙin kamuwa da lahani na saman da na ciki na kayan aiki daban-daban tare da kayan aiki iri ɗaya.
b. Gwajin halin yanzu na Eddy ET (electromagnetic induction) galibi yana da saurin kamuwa da lahani na maki (mai siffar rami).
c. Gwajin Magnetic Barticle MT da Flux Leakage: Gwajin Magnetic ya dace da gano lahani a saman da kusa da saman kayan ferromagnetic.
d. Gano lahani na ultrasonic na lantarki: Ba a buƙatar hanyar haɗi, kuma ana iya amfani da ita ga gano lahani a saman bututun ƙarfe mai zafi, mai sauri, da kuma mai kauri.
e. Gano lahani da ke shiga jiki: haske, launi, gano lahani a saman bututun ƙarfe.
3. Binciken sinadaran da aka haɗa:nazarin sinadarai, nazarin kayan aiki (kayan aikin CS na infrared, na'urar auna karatu kai tsaye, kayan aikin NO, da sauransu).
(1) Kayan aikin CS na Infrared: Yi nazarin ferroalloys, kayan aikin ƙarfe, da abubuwan C da S a cikin ƙarfe.
(2) Na'urar auna karatu kai tsaye: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni, Cn, Al, W, V, Ti, B, Nb, As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi a cikin samfuran da aka fi so.
(3) Kayan aiki na N-0: nazarin abubuwan da ke cikin iskar gas N, O.
4. Duba aikin sarrafa ƙarfe
(1) Gwajin tensile: auna damuwa da nakasa, ƙayyade ƙarfi (YS, TS) da ma'aunin filastik (A, Z) na kayan. Sashen bututun samfurin mai tsayi da na juye, siffar baka, samfurin zagaye (￠10, ￠12.5) ƙaramin diamita, bango mai siriri, babban diamita, nisa mai kauri na daidaita bango. Lura: Tsawaita samfurin bayan karyewa yana da alaƙa da girman samfurin GB/T 1760
(2) Gwajin tasiri: CVN, nau'in C mai daraja, nau'in V, ƙimar aiki J J/cm2 samfurin misali 10×10×55 (mm) samfurin da ba na misali ba 5×10×55 (mm).
(3) Gwajin tauri: Tauri na Brinell HB, Tauri na Rockwell HRC, Tauri na Vickers HV, da sauransu.
(4) Gwajin na'ura mai aiki da ruwa: matsin lamba na gwaji, lokacin daidaita matsin lamba, p=2Sδ/D.
5. bututun ƙarfe mara sumulduba aikin tsari
(1) Gwajin lanƙwasa: samfurin zagaye samfurin siffa C (S/D>0.15) H=(1+2)S/(∝+S/D) L=40~100mm, ma'aunin nakasawa a kowane tsawon raka'a = 0.07~0.08
(2) Gwajin jan zobe: L = 15mm, babu tsagewa da aka cancanta
(3) Gwajin walƙiya da lanƙwasawa: tsakiyar taper shine 30°, 40°, 60°
(4) Gwajin lanƙwasawa: Zai iya maye gurbin gwajin lanƙwasawa (ga manyan bututu masu diamita)
6. Nazarin ƙarfe nabututu mara sumul
Gwajin girman gashi mai girma (nazarin microscopic), gwajin girman gashi mai ƙarancin girma (nazarin macroscopic) don nazarin girman ƙwayar da ba ta ƙarfe ba, nuna ƙarancin nama da lahani (kamar sassautawa, rabuwa, kumfa a ƙarƙashin fata, da sauransu), da kuma duba adadi, tsayi da rarraba layukan gashi.
Tsarin ƙara girman ƙasa (macro): Ba a yarda da fararen tabo da ake iya gani a gani, abubuwan da suka haɗa da kumfa, jujjuyawar fata da kuma cirewar fata a kan ƙananan gwaje-gwajen bututun ƙarfe marasa sulɓi.
Tsarin gashi mai ƙarfi (mai duban gani): Yi nazari da na'urar hangen nesa ta lantarki mai ƙarfi. Gwajin gashin gashi na hasumiya: gwada lamba, tsayi da kuma rarraba layukan gashi.
Kowace rukunin bututun ƙarfe marasa shinge da ke shiga masana'antar za ta kasance tare da takardar shaidar inganci wadda ke tabbatar da ingancin abubuwan da ke cikin bututun ƙarfe marasa shinge.
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-18-2023