API 5L X65 (L450)bututun ƙarfe ne mai matsakaicin ƙarfi zuwa babban matakin API 5L, wanda aka sanya wa suna don mafi ƙarancin yƘarfin ellid na 65,300 psi (450 MPa).
Sau da yawa an ƙera bututun ƙarfe na X65 don jure matsin lamba mai tsanani da yanayi mai tsauri, ya fi dacewa da bututun mai da iskar gas inda ake buƙatar ƙarfi da aminci. Bugu da ƙari, kyawawan halayen injinansa da juriyar tsatsa sun sa ya dace da amfani a bututun ƙarƙashin teku da kuma muhallin masana'antu masu yawan lalata.
Botop Karfeƙwararriyar masana'anta ce ta kera bututun ƙarfe na LSAW mai kauri mai faɗin bango biyu mai kusurwa biyu wanda ke cikin ruwa a China.
Wuri: Birnin Cangzhou, Lardin Hebei, China;
Jimlar Zuba Jari: RMB miliyan 500;
Yankin masana'anta: murabba'in mita 60,000;
Yawan samar da bututun ƙarfe na JCOE LSAW na shekara-shekara: tan 200,000;
Kayan aiki: Kayan aiki na zamani da gwaji;
Ƙwarewa: Samar da bututun ƙarfe na LSAW;
Takaddun shaida: An tabbatar da API 5L.
Rarraba API 5L X65
Dangane da matakin PSL da yanayin isarwa, ana iya rarraba X65 kamar haka:
PSL1: X65 (L450);
PSL2: X65Q (L450Q) da X65M (L450M);
Domin shawo kan mawuyacin yanayi na yanayin aiki na teku (O) da kuma yanayin aiki mai tsami (S), ma'aunin API 5L PSL2 yana da buƙatu na musamman ga duka muhallin. Ana nuna waɗannan buƙatu ta hanyar ƙara takamaiman harafi zuwa matakin bututun.
Ayyukan bakin teku na PSL2 bututun:X65QO (l450QO) ko X65MO (L450MO);
Bututun PSL2 mai aiki da ƙarfi:X65QS (L450QS) ko X65MS (L450MS).
Yanayin Isarwa
Ma'anar Q da M
DominSAW(An yi walda a cikin ruwa) koSANI(Haɗaɗɗen Bututun Welded), Q da M a cikin yanayin isar da API 5L PSL2 sun dace da waɗannan hanyoyin kera bi da bi.
Tsarin Masana'antu na API 5L X65
X65Ana iya samar da bututu ta hanyar hanyoyin kera iri-iri domin ya dace da aikace-aikacen injiniya iri-iri.
SAWL(LSAW) ya dace da samar da manyan bututu masu kauri da diamita fiye da mm 660, musamman a farashin da yake bayar da fa'ida a farashi fiye da bututun da ba su da matsala.
Nau'in Ƙarshen Bututu don API 5L X65
Ƙarshen Bututun Karfe na PSL1: Ƙarshen Belled ko Ƙarshen Bayyana;
Ƙarshen Bututun Karfe na PSL2: Ƙarshen da aka bayyana;
Don ƙarshen bututun da ba a saba gani baya kamata a bi waɗannan sharuɗɗan:
Za a yanke ƙarshen fuskokin bututun t ≤ 3.2 mm (inci 0.125) mai faɗi murabba'i.
Bututun da ba su da tsayi sosai, waɗanda girmansu ya fi 3.2 mm (inci 0.125), za a yi musu bevel domin walda. Ya kamata kusurwar bevel ɗin ta kasance 30-35°, faɗin kuma fuskar tushen bevel ɗin ya zama 0.8 - 2.4 mm (inci 0.031 - 0.093).
Tsarin Sinadaran API 5L X65
Za a tantance sinadaran da ke cikin bututun ƙarfe na PSL1 da PSL2 t t sama da 25.0 mm (inci 0.984) bisa yarjejeniya.
Sinadaran da aka Haɗa don Bututun PSL 1 tare da t ≤ 25.0 mm (inci 0.984)
Sinadaran da aka yi amfani da su wajen hada bututun PSL 2 tare da t ≤ 25.0 mm (inci 0.984)
Don samfuran bututun ƙarfe na PSL2 da aka bincika tare dasinadarin carbon na ≤0.12%, daidai da carbon CEkwamfutaana iya ƙididdige shi ta amfani da dabarar da ke ƙasa:
CEkwamfuta= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Don samfuran bututun ƙarfe na PSL2 da aka bincika tare dasinadarin carbon > 0.12%, daidai da carbon CEllwana iya ƙididdige shi ta amfani da dabarar da ke ƙasa:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Kayayyakin Inji na API 5L X65
Halayen Tashin Hankali
Gwajin tensile yana ba da damar tantance mahimman kaddarorin kayan X65, gami daƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa, ƙarfin juriya, kumatsawaitawa.
Kayayyakin Tensile na PSL1 X65
Kayayyakin Tensile na PSL2 X65
Bayani: An yi cikakken bayani game da buƙatun a cikinAPI 5L X52, wanda za a iya gani idan ana buƙata.
Sauran Gwaje-gwajen Inji
Shirin gwaji mai zuwa ya shafiNau'ikan bututun SAWDon wasu nau'ikan bututu, duba Tebur 17 da 18 na API 5L.
gwajin lanƙwasa jagora na walda;
Gwajin taurin bututun da aka ƙera da sanyi;
Binciken Macro na dinkin da aka ƙera;
kuma kawai don bututun ƙarfe na PSL2: gwajin tasirin CVN da gwajin DWT.
Gwajin Hydrostatic
Lokacin Gwaji
Duk girman bututun ƙarfe marasa sumul da na walda waɗanda girmansu ya kai D ≤ 457 mm (inci 18):Lokacin gwaji ≥ 5s;
Bututun ƙarfe mai walda D > 457 mm (inci 18):Lokacin gwaji ≥ 10s.
Mita na Gwaji
Kowace bututun ƙarfe.
Matsi na gwaji
Matsin gwajin hydrostatic P na abututun ƙarfe mai sauƙiana iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da dabarar.
P = 2St/D
Sshine matsin lamba na ƙwallo. ƙimar daidai take da ƙayyadadden ƙarfin yawan amfanin da aka ƙayyade na bututun ƙarfe xa kashi, a cikin MPa (psi);
tshine kauri na bango da aka ƙayyade, wanda aka bayyana a cikin milimita (inci);
Dshine diamita na waje da aka ƙayyade, wanda aka bayyana a cikin millimeters (inci).
Binciken da ba ya lalatawa
Ga bututun SAWhanyoyi guda biyu,UT(gwajin ultrasonic) koRT(gwajin rediyo), yawanci ana amfani da su.
ET(gwajin lantarki) bai shafi bututun SAW ba.
Za a duba dinkin da aka yi da walda a kan bututun da aka haɗa masu maki ≥ L210/A da diamita ≥ 60.3 mm (inci 2.375) ba tare da lalata su ba don ganin cikakken kauri da tsayi (100%) kamar yadda aka ƙayyade.
Gwajin UT mara lalatawa
Jarrabawar RT mara lalatawa
Jadawalin Jadawalin Bututun API 5L
An rarraba bututun API 5L zuwa "Jadawalin" daban-daban bisa ga kauri daban-daban na bango, kamarJadawali na 20, Jadawali na 40, Jadawali na 80, da sauransu. Waɗannan kauri na bango sun yi daidai da ma'aunin matsin lamba daban-daban da yanayin aikace-aikace. Waɗannan kauri na bango sun yi daidai da ma'aunin matsin lamba daban-daban da yanayin aikace-aikace.
Domin sauƙin kallo da amfani, mun tsara fayilolin PDF masu dacewa. Kuna iya saukewa da duba waɗannan takardu idan ana buƙata.
A ƙayyade diamita ta waje da kauri a bango
An bayar da ƙimar da aka daidaita don takamaiman diamita na waje da kauri na bango na bututun ƙarfe a cikinISO 4200kumaASME B36.10M.
Juriyar Girma
An yi cikakken bayani game da buƙatun API 5L don haƙurin girma a cikinAPI 5L Grade BDomin gujewa maimaitawa, za ka iya danna kan rubutun shuɗi don ganin cikakkun bayanai masu dacewa.
Aikace-aikace
Bututun ƙarfe na API 5L X65 bututun ƙarfe ne mai ƙarfi wanda ake amfani da shi musamman a masana'antar mai da iskar gas, musamman a bututun watsawa na nesa da aikace-aikacen matsin lamba mai yawa.
Bututun sufuri na nesa: Ana amfani da waɗannan bututun mai da iskar gas a wurare masu nisa, suna buƙatar jure matsin lamba mai yawa da kuma yanayi mai tsanani na muhalli.
Bututun da ke ketarewa: Inda bututun mai ke buƙatar ketare koguna, tsaunuka, ko wasu cikas, ƙarfin bututun ƙarfe na API 5L X65 ya sa ya zama mai kyau.
Dandalin bakin teku: A fannin haƙar mai da iskar gas na ƙasashen waje, ana amfani da shi don haɗa wani wurin haƙa mai zuwa tashar ƙasa ko kuma don canja wurin hydrocarbons tsakanin wuraren hakar mai na ƙasashen waje.
Tsarin bututun masana'antu: Ana amfani da shi a fannin man fetur, matatun mai, da sauran wuraren masana'antu don jigilar kayayyaki iri-iri, kamar ɗanyen mai, iskar gas, albarkatun sinadarai, da sauransu.
Kayan Aiki Mai Daidaita X65
Daidaitattun API 5L X65 yawanci suna nufin kayan bututun ƙarfe masu kama da sinadarai, halayen injiniya, da aikace-aikace, waɗannan sune wasu daga cikin mizanan kayan da maki iri ɗaya:
ISO 3183: L450;
EN 10208-2: L450MB;
JIS G3454: STPG450;
DNV OS-F101: S450;
Tsarin Samar da Kayayyakinmu
Daidaitacce: API 5L ko ISO 3183;
PSL1: X65 ko L450;
PSL2: X65Q, X65M ko L450Q, L450M;
Nau'in Bututu: Bututun Karfe na Carbon da aka naɗa da walda;
Tsarin Kera: LSAW, SAWL ko DSAW;
Diamita na waje: 350 - 1500;
Kauri a Bango: 8 - 80mm;
Tsawon Lokaci: Kimanin tsayi ko tsawon da ba a zata ba;
Jadawalin Bututu: SCH10, SCH20, SCH30, SCH40, SCH60, SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 da SCH160.
Ganewa: STD, XS, XXS;
Rufi: Fenti, varnish, 3LPE, FBE, 3LPP, HDPE, galvanized, mai arzikin epoxy zinc, mai nauyin siminti, da sauransu.
Marufi: Zane mai hana ruwa shiga, akwatin katako, bel ɗin ƙarfe ko haɗin waya na ƙarfe, mai kariya daga ƙarshen bututun filastik ko ƙarfe, da sauransu. An keɓance shi.
Kayayyakin Daidaitawa: Ana samun lanƙwasa, flanges, kayan haɗin bututu, da sauran samfuran daidaitawa.
