TheAPI 5Lbututun sunaye na yau da kullun bisa ga ƙarancin ƙarfin yawan amfanin su. Saboda haka,X52 (L360) yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin fitarwa na 52,200 psi (360 MPa).
X52=L360, hanyoyi biyu ne na bayyana matakin bututu iri ɗaya a cikin ma'aunin API 5L.
X52Matsayi ne na matsakaici a cikin API 5L, wanda ya haɗa ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da tattalin arziki. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin jigilar mai da iskar gas, ayyukan gini, bututun ruwa na ƙarƙashin ruwa, da sauransu.
Botop Karfeƙwararriyar masana'anta ce ta kera bututun ƙarfe na LSAW mai kauri mai faɗin bango biyu mai kusurwa biyu wanda ke cikin ruwa a China.
1. Wuri: Birnin Cangzhou, Lardin Hebei, China;
2. Jimlar Zuba Jari: RMB miliyan 500;
3. Fadin masana'anta: murabba'in mita 60,000;
4. Yawan samar da bututun ƙarfe na JCOE LSAW na shekara-shekara: tan 200,000;
5. Kayan aiki: Kayan aiki na zamani da gwaji;
6. Ƙwarewa: Samar da bututun ƙarfe na LSAW;
7. Takaddun shaida: An tabbatar da API 5L.
Rarraba API 5L X52
Dangane da matakin PSL da yanayin isarwa, ana iya rarraba X52 kamar haka:
PSL1: X52;
PSL2:X52N ko L360N;X52Q ko L360Q;X52M ko L360M.
A cikin PSL2, harafin kari yana nufin nau'in maganin zafi da za a yi wa kayan kafin a kawo su na ƙarshe. Kuna iya ganinyanayin bayarwaa ƙasa don ƙarin bayani.
Yanayin Isarwa
Kayan Farawa
Ingots, furanni, billets, coils, ko faranti.
Ga bututun PSL 2, za a kashe ƙarfen kuma a yi shi bisa ga tsarin hatsi mai kyau.
Na'urar ko farantin da aka yi amfani da ita wajen ƙera bututun PSL 2 ba za ta ƙunshi wani walda na gyara ba.
Tsarin Samar da API 5L X52
Ana iya samar da bututun X52 ta amfani da hanyoyin kera bututu iri-iri don biyan buƙatun injiniya daban-daban.
Domin ƙarin bayani game da ma'anar kalmar "Manufacturing Process",danna nan.
SAWLshine mafi kyawun mafita gababban diamita, kauri mai kauribututun ƙarfe.
Kalmomin "SAWL"da kuma"LSAW"dukansu suna nufin Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded, amma ana kiransu daban-daban a yankuna daban-daban. Sabanin haka, kalmar "LSAW" an fi amfani da ita sosai a masana'antar.
Ana iya haɗa bututun LSAW sau biyu saboda ƙarancin kayan aiki wajen samar da bututun mai girman diamita, kuma walda ya kamata su kasance kusan 180° a tsakaninsu.
Nau'in Ƙarshen Bututu don API 5L X52
Ƙarshen Bututun Karfe na PSL1: Ƙarshen Belled ko Ƙarshen Bayyana;
Ƙarshen Bututun Karfe na PSL2: Ƙarshen da aka bayyana;
Don ƙarshen bututun da ba a saba gani baya kamata a bi waɗannan sharuɗɗan:
Za a yanke ƙarshen fuskokin bututun t ≤ 3.2 mm (inci 0.125) mai faɗi murabba'i.
Bututun da ba su da tsayi sosai, waɗanda girmansu ya fi 3.2 mm (inci 0.125), za a yi musu bevel domin walda. Ya kamata kusurwar bevel ɗin ta kasance 30-35°, faɗin kuma fuskar tushen bevel ɗin ya zama 0.8 - 2.4 mm (inci 0.031 - 0.093).
Tsarin Sinadaran API 5L X52
Za a tantance sinadaran da ke cikin bututun ƙarfe na PSL1 da PSL2 t t sama da 25.0 mm (inci 0.984) bisa yarjejeniya.
Sinadaran da aka Haɗa don Bututun PSL 1 tare da t ≤ 25.0 mm (inci 0.984)
Sinadaran da aka yi amfani da su wajen hada bututun PSL 2 tare da t ≤ 25.0 mm (inci 0.984)
Don samfuran bututun ƙarfe na PSL2 da aka bincika tare dasinadarin carbon na ≤0.12%, daidai da carbon CEkwamfutaana iya ƙididdige shi ta amfani da dabarar da ke ƙasa:
CEkwamfuta= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Don samfuran bututun ƙarfe na PSL2 da aka bincika tare dasinadarin carbon > 0.12%, daidai da carbon CEllwana iya ƙididdige shi ta amfani da dabarar da ke ƙasa:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Kayayyakin Inji na API 5L X52
Halayen Tashin Hankali
Gwajin tensile yana auna ma'auni guda uku masu mahimmanci:ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa, ƙarfin juriya, kumatsawaitawa.
Kayayyakin Tensile na PSL1 X52
Kayayyakin Tensile na PSL2 X52
Bayani: Mafi ƙarancin tsawaitawa, Afza a ƙaddara ta amfani da lissafin da ke ƙasa:
Af= C × (Axc)0.2/U0.9)
Cshine 1940 don lissafin amfani da raka'o'in SI da kuma 625,000 don lissafin amfani da raka'o'in USC;
Axc shine yankin giciye-sashe na gwajin tensile da ya dace, wanda aka bayyana a cikin milimita murabba'i (inci murabba'i), kamar haka:
1) don gwajin sassan giciye mai zagaye, 130 mm2(Inci 0.20).2) don gwaje-gwajen diamita na mm 12.7 (inci 0.500) da mm 8.9 (inci 0.350); mm 652(Inci 0.10.2) don gwaje-gwajen diamita na 6.4 mm (inci 0.250);
2) don gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a cikakken sashe, mafi ƙarancin a) 485 mm2(Inci 0.75).2) da kuma b) yankin giciye na yanki na gwaji, T wanda aka samo ta amfani da diamita na waje da aka ƙayyade da kuma kauri bango na bututun da aka ƙayyade, an zagaye shi zuwa mafi kusa da mm 102(Inci 0.01).2);
3) don gwajin tsiri, mafi ƙarancin a) 485 mm2(Inci 0.75).2) da kuma b) yankin giciye na ɓangaren gwajin, wanda aka samo ta amfani da faɗin da aka ƙayyade na ɓangaren gwajin da kuma kauri na bango da aka ƙayyade na bututun, wanda aka zagaye zuwa mafi kusa da 10 mm2(Inci 0.01).2);
Ushine ƙayyadadden ƙarfin taurin kai, wanda aka bayyana a cikin megapascals (fam a kowace murabba'in inci).
Sauran Gwaje-gwajen Inji
Shirin gwaji mai zuwa ya shafiNau'ikan bututun SAWDon wasu nau'ikan bututu, duba Tebur 17 da 18 na API 5L.
gwajin lanƙwasa jagora na walda;
Gwajin taurin bututun da aka ƙera da sanyi;
Binciken Macro na dinkin da aka ƙera;
kuma kawai don bututun ƙarfe na PSL2: gwajin tasirin CVN da gwajin DWT.
Gwajin Hydrostatic
Lokacin Gwaji
Duk girman bututun ƙarfe marasa sumul da na walda waɗanda girmansu ya kai D ≤ 457 mm (inci 18):Lokacin gwaji ≥ 5s;
Bututun ƙarfe mai walda D > 457 mm (inci 18):Lokacin gwaji ≥ 10s.
Mita na Gwaji
Kowace bututun ƙarfe.
Matsi na gwaji
Matsin gwajin hydrostatic P na abututun ƙarfe mai sauƙiana iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da dabarar.
P = 2St/D
Sshine matsin lamba na ƙwallo. ƙimar daidai take da ƙayyadadden ƙarfin yawan amfanin da aka ƙayyade na bututun ƙarfe xa kashi, a cikin MPa (psi);
tshine kauri na bango da aka ƙayyade, wanda aka bayyana a cikin milimita (inci);
Dshine diamita na waje da aka ƙayyade, wanda aka bayyana a cikin millimeters (inci).
Binciken da ba ya lalatawa
Ga bututun SAWhanyoyi guda biyu,UT(gwajin ultrasonic) koRT(gwajin rediyo), yawanci ana amfani da su.
ET(gwajin lantarki) bai shafi bututun SAW ba.
Za a duba dinkin da aka yi da walda a kan bututun da aka haɗa masu maki ≥ L210/A da diamita ≥ 60.3 mm (inci 2.375) ba tare da lalata su ba don ganin cikakken kauri da tsayi (100%) kamar yadda aka ƙayyade.
Gwajin UT mara lalatawa
Jarrabawar RT mara lalatawa
Girman Sanyi da Faɗaɗawar Sanyi
Girman sanyi da faɗaɗa sanyi dabaru biyu ne na sarrafawa da ake amfani da su wajen samar da bututun LSAW don tabbatar da cewa bututun sun cimma daidaiton girma da halayen injiniya. Duk hanyoyin guda biyu hanyoyin aiki ne na sanyi, inda ake daidaita siffar da girman bututun a zafin ɗaki.
Rabon girma nafaɗaɗa sanyibututun ba za su yi ƙasa da 0.003 ba kuma ba za su yi girma fiye da 0.015 ba.
Matsakaicin girmangirman sanyibututun ƙarfe kada ya wuce 0.015, sai dai a cikin waɗannan yanayi:
a) Daga baya bututun zai daidaita ko ya kashe shi sannan ya yi zafi;
b) Daga baya dukkan bututun ƙarfe mai girman sanyi zai rage damuwa.
A ƙayyade diamita ta waje da kauri a bango
An bayar da ƙimar da aka daidaita don takamaiman diamita na waje da kauri na bango na bututun ƙarfe a cikinISO 4200kumaASME B36.10M.
Juriyar Girma
Da fatan za a danna kan rubutun shuɗi a hannun dama don ganin jurewar girma, an jera buƙatun a cikinAPI 5L Grade Bdon ƙarin bayani.
Aikace-aikacen API 5L X52
Ana amfani da bututun ƙarfe na API 5L X52 sosai a aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci da yawa saboda kyawawan halayen injiniyansa da ikon daidaitawa da muhalli masu rikitarwa.
Sufurin mai da iskar gas: Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin aikace-aikacen da aka fi amfani da su don API 5L X52. Ana amfani da shi galibi don bututun mai da iskar gas na dogon lokaci, musamman lokacin da akwai matsin lamba mai yawa a ciki.
Gine-gine da kayayyakin more rayuwa: Ana iya amfani da shi don gina gine-ginen tallafi ga gadoji da gine-gine. Haka kuma ana iya amfani da shi wajen ƙera kayan ƙarfafa gwiwa ko wasu gine-ginen ɗaukar kaya, musamman inda ake buƙatar dogon zango ko ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya mai yawa.
Bututun ruwa na ƙarƙashin teku: Ayyukan bututun mai a ƙarƙashin teku suna da takamaiman buƙatar bututu masu jure tsatsa da ƙarfi, kuma API 5L X52 ya yi fice a wannan fanni. Yana tsayayya da ruwan teku kuma yana kiyaye inganci da aikin bututun, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace don haɗawa da albarkatun mai da iskar gas na teku.
Tsarin Samar da Kayayyakinmu
Daidaitacce: API 5L;
PSL1: X52 ko L360;
PSL2: X52N, X52Q, X52M ko L360N, L360Q, L360M;
Nau'in Bututu: Bututun Karfe na Carbon da aka naɗa da walda;
Tsarin Kera: LSAW, SAWL ko DSAW;
Diamita na waje: 350 - 1500;
Kauri a Bango: 8 - 80mm;
Tsawon Lokaci: Kimanin tsayi ko tsawon da ba a zata ba;
Jadawalin Bututu: SCH10, SCH20, SCH30, SCH40, SCH60, SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 da SCH160.
Ganewa: STD, XS, XXS;
Rufi: Fenti, varnish, 3LPE, FBE, 3LPP, HDPE, galvanized, mai arzikin epoxy zinc, mai nauyin siminti, da sauransu.
Marufi: Zane mai hana ruwa shiga, akwatin katako, bel ɗin ƙarfe ko haɗin waya na ƙarfe, mai kariya daga ƙarshen bututun filastik ko ƙarfe, da sauransu. An keɓance shi.
Kayayyakin Daidaitawa: Ana samun lanƙwasa, flanges, kayan haɗin bututu, da sauran samfuran daidaitawa.
